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{{Infobox planet
#REDIRECT [[List of minor planets: 1001–2000#055]]
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 1055 Tynka
| background = #D6D6D6
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| discovery_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| discoverer = [[Emil Buchar|E. Buchar]]
| discovery_site = [[Algiers Observatory|Algiers Obs.]]
| discovered = 17 November 1925
| mpc_name = (1055) Tynka
| alt_names = 1925 WG{{·}}A902 TB
| pronounced =
| named_after = Tynka Buchar<br />{{small|(discoverer's mother)}}<ref name="springer" />
| mp_category = [[main-belt]]{{·}}{{small|([[Kirkwood gap|inner]])}}<br />[[Flora family|Flora]]&thinsp;<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Ferret" />
| orbit_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| epoch = 4 September 2017 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2458000.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = 114.42 yr (41,793 days)
| aphelion = 2.6561 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
| perihelion = 1.7402 AU
| semimajor = 2.1981 AU
| eccentricity = 0.2083
| period = 3.26 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (1,190 days)
| mean_anomaly = 129.33[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.3024|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 5.2778°
| asc_node = 147.15°
| arg_peri = 176.64°
| dimensions = {{val|8.95|0.22}} km<ref name="AKARI" /><br />10.31 km {{small|(calculated)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|13.479|0.225}} km<ref name="Masiero-2012" />
| rotation = {{val|5.9818|0.0003}} [[Hour|h]]<ref name="geneva-obs" /><br />{{val|11.75|0.01}} h<ref name="Stephens-2012f" /><br />{{val|11.893|0.002}} h<ref name="Higgins-2009a" /><br />{{val|11.893|0.005}} h<ref name="Kryszczynska-2012b" />
| albedo = {{val|0.169|0.023}}<ref name="Masiero-2012" /><br />0.24 {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|0.350|0.019}}<ref name="AKARI" />
| spectral_type = [[Tholen classification|Tholen]] {{=}} [[S-type asteroid|S]]&thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" /><br />[[SMASS classification|SMASS]] {{=}} [[S-type asteroid|S]]&thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" />
| abs_magnitude = 11.90<ref name="Masiero-2012" />{{·}}12.00<ref name="AKARI" />{{·}}12.1<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" />{{·}}{{val|12.33|0.29}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />
}}


'''1055 Tynka''', provisional designation {{mpf|1925 WG}}, is a stony Florian [[asteroid]] from the inner regions of the [[asteroid belt]], approximately 10 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 November 1925, by Czech astronomer [[Emil Buchar]] at the [[Algiers Observatory]] in North Africa, who named it after his mother Tynka Buchar.<ref name="MPC-object" />
{{NASTRO comment}}


== Orbit and classification ==
{{DEFAULTSORT:001055}}

[[Category:Main-belt asteroids]]
''Tynka'' is a member of the [[Flora family]] ({{small|[[FIN tbl#402|402]]}}), a giant [[asteroid family]] and the largest family of stony asteroids in the main belt.<ref name="Ferret" /><ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />{{rp|23}} It orbits the Sun in the [[Kirkwood gap|inner]] asteroid belt at a distance of 1.7–2.7&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 3 years and 3 months (1,190 days). Its orbit has an [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.21 and an [[orbital inclination|inclination]] of 5[[Degree (angle)|°]] with respect to the [[ecliptic]].<ref name="jpldata" />
[[Category:Minor planets named for people|Tynka]]

[[Category:Named minor planets|Tynka]]
The body's [[observation arc]] begins with its identification as {{mpf|A902 TB}} at [[Heidelberg Observatory]] in October 1902, more than 23 years prior to its official discovery observation at Algiers.<ref name="MPC-object" />
[[Category:S-type asteroids (Tholen)]]

[[Category:S-type asteroids (SMASS)]]
== Physical characteristics ==

''Tynka'' is a common stony [[S-type asteroid]] in both the [[Tholen classification|Tholen]] and [[SMASS classification]],<ref name="jpldata" /> which agrees with the overall [[Asteroid spectral type|spectral type]] for members of the Flora family.<ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />{{rp|23}}

=== Rotation period ===

Three rotational [[lightcurve]]s of ''Tynka'' were independently obtained from photometric observations by astronomers [[David Higgins (astronomer)|David Higgins]], Agnieszka Kryszczyńska and [[Robert D. Stephens|Robert Stephens]]. Lightcurve analysis gave a [[rotation period]] of 11.75 and 11.893 hours with a brightness variation between 0.06 and 0.33 [[Magnitude (astronomy)|magnitude]] ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=2-/2/2]]}}).<ref name="Stephens-2012f" /><ref name="Higgins-2009a" /><ref name="Kryszczynska-2012b" /> An alternative period solution of 5.9818 hours with an amplitude of 0.17 was measured by French amateur astronomer [[René Roy (astronomer)|René Roy]] in April 2012 ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=2]]}}).<ref name="geneva-obs" />

=== Diameter and albedo ===

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese [[Akari (satellite)|Akari satellite]] and the [[NEOWISE]] mission of NASA's [[Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]], ''Tynka'' measures 8.95 and 13.48 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an [[astronomical albedo|albedo]] of 0.169 and 0.350, respectively.<ref name="AKARI" /><ref name="Masiero-2012" />

The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from [[8&nbsp;Flora]], the largest member and namesake of the Flora family – and calculates a diameter of 10.31 kilometers based on an [[absolute magnitude]] of 12.1.<ref name="lcdb" />

== Naming ==

This [[minor planet]] was named by the discoverer after his mother Tynka Buchar. The official naming citation was mentioned in ''[[The Names of the Minor Planets]]'' by [[Paul Herget]] in 1955 ({{small|[[Herget's discovery circumstances|H 100]]}}). [[Emil Buchar]] worked at the Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics at the Technical University in Prague.<ref name="springer" /> This asteroid was his only minor-planet discovery.<ref name="MPC-Discoverers" />

== References ==
{{reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
|type = 2017-03-11 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1055 Tynka (1925 WG)
|url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001055
|publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|accessdate = 18 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="springer">{{cite book
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1055) Tynka
|last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
|publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
|page = 90
|date = 2007
|url = https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1056
|isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3
|accessdate = 18 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
|title = 1055 Tynka (1925 WG)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1055
|accessdate = 18 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-Discoverers">{{cite web
|title = Minor Planet Discoverers (by number)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/MPDiscsNum.html
|date = 3 October 2017
|accessdate = 18 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="geneva-obs">{{cite web
|title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1055) Tynka
|last = Behrend |first = Raoul
|publisher = Geneva Observatory
|url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page3cou.html#001055
|accessdate = 18 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Ferret">{{cite web
|title = Small Bodies Data Ferret
|work = Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0
|url = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/PropertySearch/familyForm.action
|accessdate = 18 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Nesvorny-2014">{{Cite journal
|first1 = D. |last1 = Nesvorný
|first2 = M. |last2 = Broz
|first3 = V. |last3 = Carruba
|date = December 2014
|title = Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families
|url = https://arxiv.org/pdf/1502.01628.pdf
|journal = Asteroids IV
|pages = 297–321
|bibcode = 2015aste.book..297N
|doi = 10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016
|arxiv = 1502.01628
|access-date= 18 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="lcdb">{{cite web
|title = LCDB Data for (1055) Tynka
|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=1055%7CTynka
|accessdate = 18 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Masiero-2012">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero
|first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer
|first3 = T. |last3 = Grav
|first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer
|first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri
|first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent
|first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera
|date = November 2012
|title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters
|volume = 759
|issue = 1
|page = 5
|bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M
|doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8
|arxiv = 1209.5794
|access-date= 18 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="AKARI">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui
|first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda
|first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller
|first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa
|first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro
|first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo
|first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara
|first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza
|first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita
|first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu
|first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno
|first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara
|first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka
|date = October 2011
|title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey
|url = http://pasj.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/5/1117.full.pdf+html
|journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
|volume = 63
|issue = 5
|pages = 1117–1138
|bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U
|doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117
|access-date= 18 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Higgins-2009a">{{Cite journal
|first1 = David |last1 = Higgins
|first2 = Frederick |last2 = Pilcher
|date = October 2009
|title = Lightcurve Analysis of 48 Doris and 1055 Tynka
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2009MPBu...36..143H
|journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin
|volume = 36
|issue = 4
|pages = 143–144
|issn = 1052-8091
|bibcode = 2009MPBu...36..143H
|access-date= 18 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Kryszczynska-2012b">{{Cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = A. |last1 = Kryszczynska
|first2 = F. |last2 = Colas
|first3 = M. |last3 = Polinska
|first4 = R. |last4 = Hirsch
|first5 = V. |last5 = Ivanova
|first6 = G. |last6 = Apostolovska
|first7 = B. |last7 = Bilkina
|first8 = F. P. |last8 = Velichko
|first9 = T. |last9 = Kwiatkowski
|first10 = P. |last10 = Kankiewicz
|first11 = F. |last11 = Vachier
|first12 = V. |last12 = Umlenski
|first13 = T. |last13 = Michalowski
|first14 = A. |last14 = Marciniak
|first15 = A. |last15 = Maury
|first16 = K. |last16 = Kaminski
|first17 = M. |last17 = Fagas
|first18 = W. |last18 = Dimitrov
|first19 = W. |last19 = Borczyk
|first20 = K. |last20 = Sobkowiak
|first21 = J. |last21 = Lecacheux
|first22 = R. |last22 = Behrend
|first23 = A. |last23 = Klotz
|first24 = L. |last24 = Bernasconi
|first25 = R. |last25 = Crippa
|first26 = F. |last26 = Manzini
|first27 = R. |last27 = Poncy
|first28 = P. |last28 = Antonini
|first29 = D. |last29 = Oszkiewicz
|first30 = T. |last30 = Santana-Ros
|date = October 2012
|title = Do Slivan states exist in the Flora family?. I. Photometric survey of the Flora region
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012A&A...546A..72K
|journal = Astronomy and Astrophysics
|volume = 546
|page = 51
|bibcode = 2012A&A...546A..72K
|doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201219199
|access-date= 14 September 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Stephens-2012f">{{Cite journal
|author = Stephens, Robert D.
|date = October 2012
|title = Asteroids Observed from Santana, CS3 and GMARS Observatories: 2012 April - June
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012MPBu...39..226S
|journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin
|volume = 39
|issue = 4
|pages = 226–228
|issn = 1052-8091
|bibcode = 2012MPBu...39..226S
|access-date= 18 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres
|first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke
|first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons
|first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau
|first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik
|first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin
|first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel
|first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat
|first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett
|first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers
|first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling
|first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser
|first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier
|first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan
|first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price
|first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry
|first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters
|date = November 2015
|title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V
|journal = Icarus
|volume = 261
|pages = 34–47
|bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V
|doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007
|arxiv = 1506.00762
|access-date= 18 October 2017}}</ref>

}} <!-- end of reflist -->

== External links ==
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info])
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* {{JPL small body}}

{{Minor planets navigator |1098 Hakone |number=1099 |1100 Arnica}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tynka}}
[[Category:Flora asteroids|001055]]
[[Category:Numbered minor planets|001055]]
[[Category:Minor planets named for people]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:S-type asteroids (Tholen)|001055]]
[[Category:S-type asteroids (SMASS)|001055]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1925|19251117]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1925|19251117]]
[[Category:Minor planet redirects|1055 Tynka]]

Revision as of 11:30, 18 October 2017

1055 Tynka
Discovery [1]
Discovered byE. Buchar
Discovery siteAlgiers Obs.
Discovery date17 November 1925
Designations
(1055) Tynka
Named after
Tynka Buchar
(discoverer's mother)[2]
1925 WG · A902 TB
main-belt · (inner)
Flora[3][4]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc114.42 yr (41,793 days)
Aphelion2.6561 AU
Perihelion1.7402 AU
2.1981 AU
Eccentricity0.2083
3.26 yr (1,190 days)
129.33°
0° 18m 8.64s / day
Inclination5.2778°
147.15°
176.64°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions8.95±0.22 km[5]
10.31 km (calculated)[3]
13.479±0.225 km[6]
5.9818±0.0003 h[7]
11.75±0.01 h[8]
11.893±0.002 h[9]
11.893±0.005 h[10]
0.169±0.023[6]
0.24 (assumed)[3]
0.350±0.019[5]
Tholen = S[1]
SMASS = S[1][3]
11.90[6] · 12.00[5] · 12.1[1][3] · 12.33±0.29[11]

1055 Tynka, provisional designation 1925 WG, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 November 1925, by Czech astronomer Emil Buchar at the Algiers Observatory in North Africa, who named it after his mother Tynka Buchar.[12]

Orbit and classification

Tynka is a member of the Flora family (402), a giant asteroid family and the largest family of stony asteroids in the main belt.[4][13]: 23  It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 1.7–2.7 AU once every 3 years and 3 months (1,190 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.21 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

The body's observation arc begins with its identification as A902 TB at Heidelberg Observatory in October 1902, more than 23 years prior to its official discovery observation at Algiers.[12]

Physical characteristics

Tynka is a common stony S-type asteroid in both the Tholen and SMASS classification,[1] which agrees with the overall spectral type for members of the Flora family.[13]: 23 

Rotation period

Three rotational lightcurves of Tynka were independently obtained from photometric observations by astronomers David Higgins, Agnieszka Kryszczyńska and Robert Stephens. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 11.75 and 11.893 hours with a brightness variation between 0.06 and 0.33 magnitude (U=2-/2/2).[8][9][10] An alternative period solution of 5.9818 hours with an amplitude of 0.17 was measured by French amateur astronomer René Roy in April 2012 (U=2).[7]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Tynka measures 8.95 and 13.48 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.169 and 0.350, respectively.[5][6]

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the largest member and namesake of the Flora family – and calculates a diameter of 10.31 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.1.[3]

Naming

This minor planet was named by the discoverer after his mother Tynka Buchar. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 100). Emil Buchar worked at the Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics at the Technical University in Prague.[2] This asteroid was his only minor-planet discovery.[14]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1055 Tynka (1925 WG)" (2017-03-11 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  2. ^ a b Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1055) Tynka. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 90. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "LCDB Data for (1055) Tynka". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  4. ^ a b "Small Bodies Data Ferret". Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  5. ^ a b c d Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  6. ^ a b c d Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  7. ^ a b Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1055) Tynka". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  8. ^ a b Stephens, Robert D. (October 2012). "Asteroids Observed from Santana, CS3 and GMARS Observatories: 2012 April - June". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 39 (4): 226–228. Bibcode:2012MPBu...39..226S. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  9. ^ a b Higgins, David; Pilcher, Frederick (October 2009). "Lightcurve Analysis of 48 Doris and 1055 Tynka". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 36 (4): 143–144. Bibcode:2009MPBu...36..143H. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  10. ^ a b Kryszczynska, A.; Colas, F.; Polinska, M.; Hirsch, R.; Ivanova, V.; Apostolovska, G.; et al. (October 2012). "Do Slivan states exist in the Flora family?. I. Photometric survey of the Flora region". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 546: 51. Bibcode:2012A&A...546A..72K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219199. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  11. ^ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  12. ^ a b "1055 Tynka (1925 WG)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  13. ^ a b Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families" (PDF). Asteroids IV: 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
  14. ^ "Minor Planet Discoverers (by number)". Minor Planet Center. 3 October 2017. Retrieved 18 October 2017.

External links