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{{Infobox planet
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 1370 Hella
| background = #FFFFC0
| background = #D6D6D6
| apsis =
| image =
| name = Hella
| symbol =
| image_size =
| image =
| caption =
| discovery_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| caption =
| discoverer = [[Karl Reinmuth|K. Reinmuth]]
| discovery_ref =
| discovery_site = [[Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory|Heidelberg Obs.]]
| discoverer = [[Reinmuth, K.]]
| discovered = 31 August 1935
| discovery_site = [[Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl|Heidelberg]]
| mpc_name = (1370) Hella
| discovered = 31 August 1935
| alt_names = 1935 QG
| mpc_name = (1370) Hella
| pronounced =
| alt_names = 1935 QG
| named_after = [[Helene Nowacki]]&thinsp;<br />{{small|([[Astronomical Calculation Institute (Heidelberg University)|ARI]]-astronomer)}}
| mp_category =
| mp_category = [[main-belt]]{{·}}{{small|([[Kirkwood gap|inner]])}}<br />[[Flora family|Flora]]&thinsp;<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Ferret" />
| orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata">{{Cite web |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=1370;cad=1 |title=1370 Hella (1935 QG) |work=[[JPL Small-Body Database]] |publisher=[[NASA]]/[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] |access-date=27 April 2016}}</ref>
| orbit_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| epoch = 31 July 2016 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2457600.5)
| epoch = 4 September 2017 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2458000.5)
| aphelion = {{Convert|2.6342208|AU|Gm|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| uncertainty = 0
| perihelion = {{Convert|1.8669326|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| observation_arc = 81.46 yr (29,754 days)
| semimajor = {{Convert|2.250577|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| aphelion = 2.6343 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
| eccentricity = 0.1704648
| perihelion = 1.8665 AU
| period = 3.38 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (1233.2 [[Julian year (astronomy)|d]])
| semimajor = 2.2504 AU
| avg_speed =
| eccentricity = 0.1706
| inclination = 4.803797°
| period = 3.38 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (1,233 days)
| asc_node = 306.05585°
| mean_anomaly = 13.720073[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| mean_anomaly = 130.52[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2920|sup=ms}} / day
| arg_peri = 4.028150°
| inclination = 4.8039°
| satellites =
| asc_node = 306.04°
| dimensions =
| arg_peri = 3.9960°
| mass =
| dimensions = 5.41 km {{small|(calculated)}}<ref name="lcdb" />
| density =
| rotation = 7.5408 [[Hour|h]]<ref name="geneva-obs" /><br />{{small|inconclusive}}<ref name="lcdb" />
| surface_grav =
| albedo = 0.24 {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" />
| escape_velocity =
| spectral_type = [[S-type asteroid|S]] {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" />
| sidereal_day =
| abs_magnitude = 13.5<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" />{{·}}{{val|13.69|0.63}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />
| axial_tilt =
| pole_ecliptic_lat =
| pole_ecliptic_lon =
| albedo =
| temperatures=
| temp_name1 =
| mean_temp_1 =
| max_temp_1 =
| temp_name2 =
| max_temp_2 =
| spectral_type =
| abs_magnitude = 13.5
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2919197|sup=ms}} / day
| observation_arc = 80.61 yr (29441 days)
| uncertainty = 0
| moid = {{Convert|0.851988|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| jupiter_moid = {{Convert|2.6087|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| tisserand = 3.604
}}
}}


'''1370 Hella''' (1935 QG) is a [[Asteroid belt|main-belt]] [[asteroid]] discovered on August 31, 1935, by [[Karl Reinmuth]] from the [[Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl]] observatory in [[Heidelberg]], [[Germany]]. The name 'Hella' was chosen by [[Gustav Stracke]] in honour of [[Helene Nowacki]], an astronomer at the [[Astronomisches Rechen-Institut]] in Heidelberg.<ref>Lutz D. Schmadel, ''Dictionary of Minor Planet Names'', 5th edtn. (2003), p.83.</ref>
'''1370 Hella''', provisional designation {{mpf|1935 QG}}, is a stony Florian [[asteroid]] from the inner regions of the [[asteroid belt]], approximately 5.4 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 31 August 1935, by astronomer [[Karl Reinmuth]] at the [[Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory]] in southwest Germany.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The asteroid was named for [[Helene Nowacki]], an astronomer at the [[Astronomical Calculation Institute (Heidelberg University)|Astronomical Calculation Institute]]

== Orbit and classification ==

''Hella'' is a member of the [[Flora family]] ({{small|[[FIN tbl#402|402]]}}),<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Ferret" /> a giant [[asteroid family]] and the largest family of stony asteroids in the main belt.<ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />{{rp|23}}

It orbits the Sun in the [[Kirkwood gap|inner]] asteroid belt at a distance of 1.9–2.6&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 3 years and 5 months (1,233 days). Its orbit has an [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.17 and an [[orbital inclination|inclination]] of 5[[Degree (angle)|°]] with respect to the [[ecliptic]].<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's [[observation arc]] begins at Heidelberg in September 1935, one month after its official discovery observation.<ref name="MPC-object" />

== Physical characteristics ==

According to its classification as a Florian asteroid, ''Hella'' is an assumed stony [[S-type asteroid]].<ref name="lcdb" />

=== Rotation period ===

In October 2006, a rotational [[lightcurve]] of ''Hella'' was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer [[Laurent Bernasconi]]. Lightcurve analysis gave an inconclusive [[rotation period]] of 7.5408 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.17 [[Magnitude (astronomy)|magnitude]] ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=n.a.]]}}).<ref name="geneva-obs" /> The Lightcurve Data Base, however, only lists the measured brightness variation. As of 2017, no secure period of ''Hella'' has been obtained.<ref name="lcdb" />

=== Diameter and albedo ===

''Hella'' has not been observed by any of the space-based surveys, such as the [[Infrared Astronomical Satellite]] (IRAS), the Japanese [[Akari (satellite)|Akari satellite]] or the [[NEOWISE]] mission of NASA's [[Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]]. The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from [[8&nbsp;Flora]] the parent body of the Flora Family – and calculates a diameter of 5.41 kilometers based on an [[absolute magnitude]] of 13.5.<ref name="lcdb" />

== Naming ==

This [[minor planet]] was named after [[Helene Nowacki]] (1904–1972), a German astronomer of the [[Astronomical Calculation Institute (Heidelberg University)|Astronomical Calculation Institute]]. The name was suggested by astronomer [[Gustav Stracke]]. The official naming citation was mentioned in ''[[The Names of the Minor Planets]]'' by [[Paul Herget]] in 1955 ({{small|[[Herget's discovery circumstances|H 124]]}}).<ref name="springer" />


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist|30em|refs=
{{Reflist}}

<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
|type = 2017-02-15 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1370 Hella (1935 QG)
|url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001370
|publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|accessdate = 31 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="springer">{{cite book
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1370) Hella
|last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
|publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
|page = 111
|date = 2007
|url = https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1371
|isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3
|accessdate = 31 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
|title = 1370 Hella (1935 QG)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1370
|accessdate = 31 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="geneva-obs">{{cite web
|title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1370) Hella
|last = Behrend |first = Raoul
|publisher = Geneva Observatory
|url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001370
|accessdate = 31 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Ferret">{{cite web
|title = Small Bodies Data Ferret
|work = Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0
|url = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/PropertySearch/familyForm.action
|accessdate = 31 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Nesvorny-2014">{{Cite journal
|first1 = D. |last1 = Nesvorný
|first2 = M. |last2 = Broz
|first3 = V. |last3 = Carruba
|date = December 2014
|title = Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families
|url = https://arxiv.org/pdf/1502.01628.pdf
|journal = Asteroids IV
|pages = 297–321
|bibcode = 2015aste.book..297N
|doi = 10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016
|arxiv = 1502.01628
|access-date= 31 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="lcdb">{{cite web
|title = LCDB Data for (1370) Hella
|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=1370%7CHella
|accessdate = 31 October 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres
|first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke
|first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons
|first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau
|first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik
|first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin
|first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel
|first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat
|first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett
|first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers
|first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling
|first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser
|first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier
|first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan
|first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price
|first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry
|first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters
|date = November 2015
|title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V
|journal = Icarus
|volume = 261
|pages = 34–47
|bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V
|doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007
|arxiv = 1506.00762
|access-date= 31 October 2017}}</ref>

}} <!-- end of reflist -->


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info])
* [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=1370+Hella JPL Small-Body Database Browser on 1370 Hella]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* {{JPL small body}}
* {{JPL small body}}


{{Minor planets navigator|1369 Ostanina|number=1370|1371 Resi}}
{{Minor planets navigator |1369 Ostanina |number=1370 |1371 Resi}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Hella}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hella}}
[[Category:Main-belt asteroids|001370]]
[[Category:Flora asteroids|001370]]
[[Category:Numbered minor planets|001370]]
[[Category:Numbered minor planets|001370]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth]]
[[Category:Minor planets named for people]]
[[Category:Minor planets named for people]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1935|19350831]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1935|19350831]]


{{Beltasteroid-stub}}

Revision as of 20:53, 31 October 2017

1370 Hella
Discovery [1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date31 August 1935
Designations
(1370) Hella
Named after
Helene Nowacki 
(ARI-astronomer)
1935 QG
main-belt · (inner)
Flora [2][3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc81.46 yr (29,754 days)
Aphelion2.6343 AU
Perihelion1.8665 AU
2.2504 AU
Eccentricity0.1706
3.38 yr (1,233 days)
130.52°
0° 17m 31.2s / day
Inclination4.8039°
306.04°
3.9960°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions5.41 km (calculated)[2]
7.5408 h[4]
inconclusive[2]
0.24 (assumed)[2]
S (assumed)[2]
13.5[1][2] · 13.69±0.63[5]

1370 Hella, provisional designation 1935 QG, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5.4 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 31 August 1935, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany.[6] The asteroid was named for Helene Nowacki, an astronomer at the Astronomical Calculation Institute

Orbit and classification

Hella is a member of the Flora family (402),[2][3] a giant asteroid family and the largest family of stony asteroids in the main belt.[7]: 23 

It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 1.9–2.6 AU once every 3 years and 5 months (1,233 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.17 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in September 1935, one month after its official discovery observation.[6]

Physical characteristics

According to its classification as a Florian asteroid, Hella is an assumed stony S-type asteroid.[2]

Rotation period

In October 2006, a rotational lightcurve of Hella was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer Laurent Bernasconi. Lightcurve analysis gave an inconclusive rotation period of 7.5408 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.17 magnitude (U=n.a.).[4] The Lightcurve Data Base, however, only lists the measured brightness variation. As of 2017, no secure period of Hella has been obtained.[2]

Diameter and albedo

Hella has not been observed by any of the space-based surveys, such as the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS), the Japanese Akari satellite or the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora the parent body of the Flora Family – and calculates a diameter of 5.41 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 13.5.[2]

Naming

This minor planet was named after Helene Nowacki (1904–1972), a German astronomer of the Astronomical Calculation Institute. The name was suggested by astronomer Gustav Stracke. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 124).[8]

References

  1. ^ a b c d "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1370 Hella (1935 QG)" (2017-02-15 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "LCDB Data for (1370) Hella". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 31 October 2017.
  3. ^ a b "Small Bodies Data Ferret". Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
  4. ^ a b Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1370) Hella". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
  5. ^ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
  6. ^ a b "1370 Hella (1935 QG)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
  7. ^ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families" (PDF). Asteroids IV: 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
  8. ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1370) Hella. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 111. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. Retrieved 31 October 2017.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1370_Hella&oldid=808092957"