Myrtales: Difference between revisions
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The '''Myrtales''' are an order of [[flowering plant]]s placed as a sister to the [[eurosids II]] clade as of the publishing of the ''Eucalyptus grandis'' genome in June 2014.<ref name=Myburg>{{cite journal | last1 = Myburg | first1 = A.A. | last2 = Grattapaglia | first2 = D. | last3 = Tuskan | first3 = G.A. | last4 = Hellsten | first4 = U. | last5 = Hayes | first5 = R.D. | last6 = Grimwood | first6 = J. | last7 = Jenkins | first7 = J. | last8 = Lindquist | first8 = E. | last9 = Tice | first9 = H. | last10 = Bauer | first10 = D. | display-authors = etal | year = 2014 | title = The genome of Eucalyptus grandis | url =https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/5655667/file/5655749.pdf | journal = Nature | volume = 510 | issue = 7505| pages = 356–62 | doi = 10.1038/nature13308 | pmid = 24919147 | bibcode = 2014Natur.510..356M }}</ref> |
The '''Myrtales''' are an order of [[flowering plant]]s placed as a sister to the [[eurosids II]] clade as of the publishing of the ''Eucalyptus grandis'' genome in June 2014.<ref name=Myburg>{{cite journal | last1 = Myburg | first1 = A.A. | last2 = Grattapaglia | first2 = D. | last3 = Tuskan | first3 = G.A. | last4 = Hellsten | first4 = U. | last5 = Hayes | first5 = R.D. | last6 = Grimwood | first6 = J. | last7 = Jenkins | first7 = J. | last8 = Lindquist | first8 = E. | last9 = Tice | first9 = H. | last10 = Bauer | first10 = D. | display-authors = etal | year = 2014 | title = The genome of Eucalyptus grandis | url =https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/5655667/file/5655749.pdf | journal = Nature | volume = 510 | issue = 7505| pages = 356–62 | doi = 10.1038/nature13308 | pmid = 24919147 | bibcode = 2014Natur.510..356M }}</ref> |
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The [[APG III system]] of classification for [[angiosperms]] still places it within the eurosids. The following families are included as of APG{{nbsp}}III:<ref name="apgiii">{{Citation |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |url-status=dead |archive-date=2017-05-25 |accessdate=2010-12-10 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }}</ref> |
The [[APG III system]] of classification for [[angiosperms]] still places it within the eurosids. This finding is corroborated by the placement of the Myrtales in the Malvid clade by the One Thousand Plant Transcriptomes Initiative<ref>{{Cite journal|last=One Thousand Plant Transcriptomes Initiative|date=2019-10|title=One thousand plant transcriptomes and the phylogenomics of green plants|url=http://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1693-2|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=574|issue=7780|pages=679–685|doi=10.1038/s41586-019-1693-2|issn=0028-0836|pmc=PMC6872490|pmid=31645766}}</ref>. The following families are included as of APG{{nbsp}}III:<ref name="apgiii">{{Citation |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |url-status=dead |archive-date=2017-05-25 |accessdate=2010-12-10 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }}</ref> |
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* [[Alzateaceae]] <small>S. A. Graham</small> |
* [[Alzateaceae]] <small>S. A. Graham</small> |
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* [[Combretaceae]] <small>R. Br.</small> ([[Combretum imberbe|leadwood]] family) |
* [[Combretaceae]] <small>R. Br.</small> ([[Combretum imberbe|leadwood]] family) |
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Revision as of 07:52, 13 December 2019
| Myrtales | |
|---|---|
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| Lumnitzera littorea | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Clade: | Malvids |
| Order: | Myrtales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl[1] |
| Families | |
The Myrtales are an order of flowering plants placed as a sister to the eurosids II clade as of the publishing of the Eucalyptus grandis genome in June 2014.[2]
The APG III system of classification for angiosperms still places it within the eurosids. This finding is corroborated by the placement of the Myrtales in the Malvid clade by the One Thousand Plant Transcriptomes Initiative[3]. The following families are included as of APG III:[1]
- Alzateaceae S. A. Graham
- Combretaceae R. Br. (leadwood family)
- Crypteroniaceae A. DC.
- Lythraceae J. St.-Hil. (loosestrife and pomegranate family)
- Melastomataceae Juss. (including Memecylaceae DC.)
- Myrtaceae Juss. (myrtle family; including Heteropyxidaceae Engl. & Gilg, Psiloxylaceae Croizat)
- Onagraceae Juss. (evening primrose and Fuchsia family)
- Penaeaceae Sweet ex Guill. (including Oliniaceae Arn., Rhynchocalycaceae L. A. S. Johnson & B. G. Briggs)
- Vochysiaceae A. St.-Hil.
The Cronquist system gives essentially the same composition, except the Vochysiaceae are removed to the order Polygalales, and the Thymelaeaceae are included. The families Sonneratiaceae, Trapaceae, and Punicaceae are removed from the Lythraceae. In the classification system of Dahlgren the Myrtales were in the superorder Myrtiflorae (also called Myrtanae). The APG III system agrees with the older Cronquist circumscriptions of treating Psiloxylaceae and Heteropyxidaceae within Myrtaceae, and Memecyclaceae within Melastomataceae.
Ellagitannins are reported in dicotyledoneous angiospermes, and notably in species in the order Myrtales.[4]
Origins
Myrtales is dated to have begun 89–99 million years ago (mya) in Australasia. There is some contention as to that date however, which was obtained using nuclear DNA. When looking at chloroplast DNA, the myrtales ancestor is instead considered to have evolved in the mid-Cretaceous period (100 mya) in Southeast Africa, rather than in Australasia.[5] Although the APG system classifies myrtales as within the eurosids, the recently published genome of Eucalyptus grandis places the order myrtales as a sister to the eurosids rather than inside them. The discrepancy is thought to have arisen due to the difference between using numerous taxa versus using various genes for constructing a phylogeny.[2]
References
- ^ a b Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009), "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 105–121, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x, archived from the original on 2017-05-25, retrieved 2010-12-10
- ^ a b Myburg, A.A.; Grattapaglia, D.; Tuskan, G.A.; Hellsten, U.; Hayes, R.D.; Grimwood, J.; Jenkins, J.; Lindquist, E.; Tice, H.; Bauer, D.; et al. (2014). "The genome of Eucalyptus grandis" (PDF). Nature. 510 (7505): 356–62. Bibcode:2014Natur.510..356M. doi:10.1038/nature13308. PMID 24919147.
- ^ One Thousand Plant Transcriptomes Initiative (2019-10). "One thousand plant transcriptomes and the phylogenomics of green plants". Nature. 574 (7780): 679–685. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1693-2. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 6872490. PMID 31645766.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ Yoshida, Takashi; Amakura, Yoshiaki; Yoshimura, Morio (2010). "Structural Features and Biological Properties of Ellagitannins in Some Plant Families of the Order Myrtales". Int. J. Mol. Sci. 11 (1): 79–106. doi:10.3390/ijms11010079. PMC 2820991. PMID 20162003.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Grattapaglia, D., Vaillancourt, R. E., Shepherd, M., Thumma, B. R., Foley, W., Kulheim, C., Potts, B. M., and Myburg, A. A. (2012). Progress in myrtaceae genetics and genomics: Eucalyptus as the pivotal genus. Tree Genetics & Genomes 8, 463–508.
- Conti, E.; Erikkson, T.; Schonenberger, J.; Sytsma, K. J.; Baum, D. A. (2002). "Early Tertiary Out-of-India Dispersal of Crypteroniaceae: Evidence from Phylogeny and Molecular Dating". Evolution. 56 (10): 1931–1942. doi:10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb00119.x.
- Schönenberger, J.; Conti, E. (2003). "Molecular phylogeny and floral evolution of Penaeaceae, Oliniaceae, Rhynchocalycaceae, and Alzateaceae (Myrtales)". American Journal of Botany. 90 (2): 293–309. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.2.293. PMID 21659121.
External links
Data related to Myrtales at Wikispecies
