Acca Larentia killings
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Franco Bigonzetti | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1965 |
| Died | 7 January 1978 (aged 12–13) Rome, Italy |
| Cause of death | Ballistric trauma |
| Occupation | Italian Social Movement member |
| Known for | Victim of unsolved murder |
Francesco Ciavatta | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1961 |
| Died | 7 January 1978 (aged 16–17) Rome, Italy |
| Cause of death | Ballistric trauma |
| Occupation | Italian Social Movement member |
| Known for | Victim of unsolved murder |
The Acca Larentia massacre was the journalistic name given to a double homicide that occurred in Rome on 7 January 1978. Five teenagers of the youth wing of the Italian Social Movement were ambushed while leaving the local party headquarters, and two of the teens (13 years old and 17 years old) were killed. The killings caused riots that same day, in which another MSI sympathiser was killed in clashes with police.
The attack was perpetrated by members of militant far-left groups, though the culprits were never identified.[1]
Events
Five members of the Italian Social Movement were fired upon with automatic weapons by a group of five or six assailants while they were leaving the local party headquarters in Via Acca Larenzia to distribute pamphlets. Franco Bigonzetti and Francesco Ciavatta were killed, while Vincenzo Segneri, although wounded, managed to return to the party headquarters with Maurizio Lupini and Giuseppe D'Audino, both of whom were unharmed.[2]
Riots broke out later on the same day between the police and a crowd of MSI activists that had gathered at the site. Nineteen-year old Stefano Recchioni was fatally injured by a stray bullet and several others, including Youth Front national secretary Gianfranco Fini, were wounded by tear gas canisters. Carabinieri officer Edoardo Sivori was suspected of killing Recchioni but was never charged.[3]
Aftermath
The attack was claimed by a self-described "Armed Nuclei for Territorial Counterpower" (Nuclei Armati per il Contropotere Territoriale). Five members of far-left group Lotta Continua were charged with the murders in 1987 but subsequently acquitted of all charges.
A Škorpion submachine gun, proven by ballistics to having been used in the attack, was found in 1988 in a Red Brigades safehouse in Milan.
The killings further polarised Italian politics during the Years of Lead and led to a fracture within the neo-fascist movement, with more radical militants blaming the party leadership for its failure to denounce the police for Recchioni's death and choosing to join emerging extremist groups like the Armed Revolutionary Nuclei.
Singer and songwriter Fabrizio Marzi dedicated the song Giovinezza ("Youth") to Stefano Recchioni in 1979.
Riots broke out during commemorations of the victims on 10 January 1979, with seventeen-year old Alberto Giaquinto being fatally injured by police officer Alessio Speranza, who was subsequently acquitted of all charges.
In 2013, then-mayor of Rome and former MSI member Gianni Alemanno named a street of the city after three victims.
Filmography
- Rhythm 'n Blood, a film by Kaspar Hauser, was released in 2008. The documentary is based on the killings and the following raid on Radio Città Futura, a far-left radio station based in Rome.
See also
- 2013 Neo Irakleio Golden Dawn office shooting
- List of unsolved murders
- Mikis Mantakas
- Primavalle fire
- Sergio Ramelli
References
- ^ "5,000 Neo-Nazis Rally in Rome to Mark Acca Larentia Killings". The Jerusalem Post. 10 January 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2022.
- ^ Threats to Democracy: The Radical Right in Italy after the War ISBN 978-0-691-04499-6 p. 166
- ^ "The Fascist Movement that has Brought Musollini back to the Mainstream". The Guardian. 22 February 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2022.
Sources
- Andrea Colombo, Storia Nera, Bologna La verità di Francesca Mambro e Valerio Fioravanti, Cairo editore, 2007, ISBN 978-88-6052-091-3
- Luca Telese, Cuori Neri. Dal rogo di Primavalle alla morte di Ramelli, 2006, ISBN 88-200-3615-0
- Massimiliano Morelli, Acca Larentia-Asfalto nero sangue, 2008, ISBN 978-88-88329-84-0