Bhangi Misl

The Bhangi Misl (Punjabi pronunciation: [pə̃˨ŋɡiː mɪsəl]) was a large and most powerful Sikh Misl^[1] headquartered was in Amritsar. It was founded in the early 18th century by Sardar Chhajja Singh Dhillon,^[1]^[2]^[3] who was baptised by Banda Singh Bahadur.^[4]^[5] Bhangi Misl were comprised orthodox Sikhs with no violations against Sikhi. It was a first misl to established a Khalsa Raj and publish Khalsa currency coins. The Bhangi Kingdom/Misl was founded by Dhillon Jats.^[6]

List of Sardars (Chiefs)

Chhajja Singh Bhangi
Bhima (Bhuma) Singh
Hari Singh
Jhanda Singh
Ganda Singh
Charhat Singh Dhillon (died nearly immediately)
Desu Singh Dhillon
Gulab Singh Dhillon
Gurdit Singh Dhillon

^[7]

Expanse of Bhangi Misl

It grew in strength and territory to cover an area from Gujrat to Multan and emerged as the strongest power in the western Punjab region.^[8] However, deaths among the leadership during the late 1760s reduced the Misl's power.^[8]

Decline of power

The Bhangi misl engaged in numerous power struggles with the Sukerchakia Misl until they were severely weakened at the Battle of Basin and the loss of Lahore to Ranjit Singh in 1799^[9].^{[citation needed]}

Bhangi Misl held the possession of Zamzama, the famous cannon, which was at the time named Bhangi Toap, Bhangianwala Toap and Bhangian di Top, names it retains to this day.^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b Sikh History (2004). "The Bhangi Misal" Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, History of the Sikhs, 2004. Retrieved on 7 September 2016
^ Singh, Rishi (2015). State Formation and the Establishment of Non-Muslim Hegemony:Post-Mughal 19th-century Punjab. India: Sage Publications India Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, 23 April 2015. ISBN 9789351500759
^ Dhavan, Purnima (2011). When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699-1799, p.60. OUP USA Publisher, 3 November 2011.
^ Jaspreet Kaur (2000). Sikh Ethos: Eighteenth Century Perspective, p.99. Vision & Venture, Patiala, 2000.
^ Jain, Harish (2003). The Making of Punjab, p. 201. Unistar Books Pvt. Ltd, Chandigarh.
^ Sidhu, Kuldip Singh (1994). Ranjit Singh's Khalsa Raj and Attariwala Sardars. National Book Shop. ISBN 978-81-7116-165-2.
^ Singh, Bhagat (1993). A History Of Sikh Misals (1st ed.). Publication Bureau Punjabi University, Patiala. pp. 89–102.
^ ^a ^b McLeod, W. H. (2005). Historical dictionary of Sikhism. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-8108-5088-0.
^ "Ranjit Singh | Maharaja, Biography, Family, & History | Britannica".
^ Singh, Khushwant A History of the Sikhs, Volume 1: 1469-1839. Oxford University Press, 2004, Page 198, Footnote 11

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[BhangiMisl-1] Sikh History (2004). "The Bhangi Misal" Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, History of the Sikhs, 2004. Retrieved on 7 September 2016

[2] Singh, Rishi (2015). State Formation and the Establishment of Non-Muslim Hegemony:Post-Mughal 19th-century Punjab. India: Sage Publications India Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, 23 April 2015. ISBN 9789351500759

[3] Dhavan, Purnima (2011). When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699-1799, p.60. OUP USA Publisher, 3 November 2011.

[Jaspreet-4] Jaspreet Kaur (2000). Sikh Ethos: Eighteenth Century Perspective, p.99. Vision & Venture, Patiala, 2000.

[5] Jain, Harish (2003). The Making of Punjab, p. 201. Unistar Books Pvt. Ltd, Chandigarh.

[6] Sidhu, Kuldip Singh (1994). Ranjit Singh's Khalsa Raj and Attariwala Sardars. National Book Shop. ISBN 978-81-7116-165-2.

[7] Singh, Bhagat (1993). A History Of Sikh Misals (1st ed.). Publication Bureau Punjabi University, Patiala. pp. 89–102.

[McLeod2005-8] McLeod, W. H. (2005). Historical dictionary of Sikhism. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-8108-5088-0.

[9] "Ranjit Singh | Maharaja, Biography, Family, & History | Britannica".

[10] Singh, Khushwant A History of the Sikhs, Volume 1: 1469-1839. Oxford University Press, 2004, Page 198, Footnote 11

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