Bhudev Mukhopadhyay
Bhudev Mukhopadhyay | |
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| Born | 22 February 1827 |
| Died | 15 May 1894 (aged 67) Calcutta, Bengal Presidency |
| Alma mater | Aliah University (then known as Mohammedan College of Calcutta) |
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Bhudev Mukhopadhyay (1827–1894) was a writer and intellectual in 19th century Bengal. His works were considered ardent displays of nationalism and philosophy in the period of the Bengal renaissance. His novel Anguriya Binimoy (1857) was the first historical novel written in Bengal.[1]
Early life
He was born at 37, Haritaki Bagan Lane in North Kolkata on 22 February 1827 to Pandit Biswanath Tarkabhusan, a renowned Sanskrit scholar. His ancestral village was Natibpur (Khanakul) in Hooghly District.[2] He was a student of Sanskrit College and Hindu College, studying at the same time as other Bengal renaissance figures such as Michael Madhusudan Dutt. After completing his education at Hindu College, Bhudev became the headmaster of the Hindu Hitarthi School in 1846. He later founded Chandannagar Seminary and taught there. In 1848, he joined Calcutta Madrasa(Madrasa 'Aliya) as English teacher. In 1856, he was selected for the post of Principal of Hooghly Normal School through a competitive examination for which his former class-mate Michael Madhusudan Dutt was also a candidate.[3]
Later career
In 1862 he was appointed Assistant Inspector of Schools. He was appointed as the first Indian headmaster of Howrah Zilla School. He was later appointed Inspector of Schools and served in the states of Bengal, Bihar and Odisha. Recognizing his services, Mukhopadhyay was awarded the CIE (Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire) in 1877 by the British.
In 1882 he was appointed as Director of Public Instruction and was also nominated to the Lt.-Governor's Council and the Education Commission later that year. Mukhopadhyay retired from public service in 1883. He was also involved with several educational journals including Shiksadarpan O Sangbadsar and the Education Gazette, which he edited. This involvement lasted from 1868 until his retirement.
His sense of nationalism was so strong that the English principal of Presidency College once noted, "Bhudev with his CIE and 1500 a month is still anti-British."[3]
Writings
Mukhopadhyay was a renowned writer and thinker and combined nationalism with rationalism in his works. He strived to reform Hindu customs and family laws to synergize with modern times. He had an immense knowledge of Sanskrit, as evidenced by his numerous essays, and critiques of Sanskrit literature. He wrote several books for young people, historical novels and fused many different philosophies into characters he portrayed.
Works
- Paribarik Prabandha (1882) - essay
- Samajik Prabandha (1892) - essay
- Achar Prabandha (1895) - essay
- Prakrtik Bijnan (in two parts, 1858 & 1859) - Book
- Purabrttasar (1858) - Book
- Englander Itihas (1862) - Book
- Romer Itihas (1862) - Book
- Banglar Itihas (3rd Part, 1904) - Book
- Ksetratattva (1862) - Book
- Puspanjali (1st part, 1876) - Book
- Anguriya Binimoy (1857) - Novel
- Aitihasik Upanyas (1857) - Historical Novel
- Svapnalabdha Bharatbarser Itihas (1895) - Novel
References
- Mohanta, Sambaru Chandra (2012). "Mukhopadhyay, Bhudev". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- Sen, Satadru (May 2017). "The Conservative Animal: Bhudeb Mukhopadhyay and Colonial Bengal". The Journal of Asian Studies. 76 (2): 363–381. doi:10.1017/S0021911816002059. S2CID 164748891.
- Kaviraj, Sudipta (2005). "The Sudden Death of Sanskrit Knowledge". Journal of Indian Philosophy. 33 (1): 3119–142. doi:10.1007/s10781-004-9058-y. S2CID 170409795.
Notes
- ^ Majumdar, Swapan, Literature and Literary Life in Old Calcutta, in Calcutta, the Living City, Vol I, edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, pp. 113–14, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-563696-1.
- ^ Bhudev Jibani (Ed. 1), Bhattacharya, Kashinath, Calcutta, 1911, p. 1
- ^ a b Sengupta, Subodh Chandra and Bose, Anjali (editors), 1976/1998, Sansad Bangali Charitabhidhan (Biographical dictionary) Vol I, (in Bengali), p. 380, ISBN 81-85626-65-0
| International | |
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| National | |
| Other | |
- 1827 births
- 1894 deaths
- Presidency University, Kolkata alumni
- The Sanskrit College and University alumni
- University of Calcutta alumni
- Bengali writers
- Bengali Hindus
- 19th-century Bengalis
- Bengali novelists
- Bengali philosophers
- Indian civil servants
- Indian writers
- Indian male writers
- Indian novelists
- Indian male novelists
- Indian historical novelists
- Indian educators
- Indian editors
- Indian magazine editors
- Indian non-fiction writers
- Indian male non-fiction writers
- Indian theologians
- 19th-century Indian writers
- 19th-century Indian male writers
- 19th-century Indian novelists
- 19th-century Indian educators
- 19th-century Indian philosophers
- 19th-century Indian non-fiction writers
- Hindu philosophers and theologians
- 19th-century Hindu philosophers and theologians
- People from West Bengal
- Educators from West Bengal
- Novelists from West Bengal
- Writers from Kolkata
- Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire
- Indian historical fiction writers