Small angle shades

Small angle shades
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Superfamily:	Noctuoidea
Family:	Noctuidae
Genus:	Euplexia
Species:	E. lucipara
Binomial name
	Euplexia lucipara; (Linnaeus, 1758)

The small angle shades (Euplexia lucipara) is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is distributed throughout the Palearctic. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae.

As the common name suggests, this species is closely related to the angle shades (Phlogophora meticulosa), and is considerably smaller (wingspan 30–35 mm), but does not especially resemble that species. The forewings are dark brown with a broad, pale subterminal band, wider and paler towards the costa. The hindwings are whitish at the base, graduating to brown at the margins. In the British Isles this species flies at night in June and July, with a second generation sometimes emerging in September. It is attracted to light and sugar.

Distribution

It is found throughout Europe, in Algeria, in western Asia and through the Palearctic to Siberia, China, and Japan.

Technical description

Forewing rufous ochreous tinged with purplish and mixed with olive brown; median area, a triangular blotch on inner margin near base, and a narrow praesubmarginal cloud deep olive; costa to beyond middle, the terminal area, and the orbicular stigma leaden purple; lines indistinct, the outer and inner approximating on inner margin; claviform stigma olive, dark edged; orbicular roundish, oblique, with paler ring; reniform conspicuously whitish, containing a double brown lunule; submarginal line pale, waved; veins towards termen dotted dark and pale; hindwing ochreous with dark cell mark and veins, darker in terminal half where there is visible a dark pale-edged outer and submarginal line.^[1]

Biology

Larva velvety green with darker green oblique subdorsal stripes; tubercles pale; spiracular line yellowish white; 11th segment slightly swollen, with a pair of white dots; head green.

The larvae often feed on ferns and the species is usually associated with them. Other recorded food plants include birch, false bindweed, dogwood, larkspur, willowherb, ash, ivy, lettuce, privet, loosestrife, oak, buttercup, currant, raspberry, willow, tomato, coltsfoot, nettle, and guelder rose.^[2] The species overwinters as pupae.

Gallery

Illustration from British Entomology, Volume 5, by John Curtis
Larva.Flint, North Wales

Notes

^ Seitz, A. Ed., 1914 Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Verlag Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart Band 3: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen eulenartigen Nachtfalter, 1914
^ Robinson, Gaden S.; Ackery, Phillip R.; Kitching, Ian J.; Beccaloni, George W.; Hernández, Luis M. (2010). "Search the database - introduction and help". HOSTS - A Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. Natural History Museum, London.

References

Chinery, Michael (1986, reprinted 1991). Collins Guide to the Insects of Britain and Western Europe.
Skinner, Bernard The Colour Identification Guide to Moths of the British Isles. 1984

External links

Kimber, Ian. "73.114 BF2305 Small Angle Shades Euplexia lucipara (Linnaeus, 1758)". UKMoths. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
Savela, Markku. "Euplexia lucipara (Linnaeus, 1758)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved July 5, 2019. Taxonomy
Lepiforum e.V.
De Vlinderstichting (in Dutch)

[1] Seitz, A. Ed., 1914 Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Verlag Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart Band 3: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen eulenartigen Nachtfalter, 1914

[2] Robinson, Gaden S.; Ackery, Phillip R.; Kitching, Ian J.; Beccaloni, George W.; Hernández, Luis M. (2010). "Search the database - introduction and help". HOSTS - A Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. Natural History Museum, London.

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[2]