| File Utilities
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chcon |
Change file security context (SELinux)
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chgrp |
Changes file group ownership
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chown |
Changes file ownership
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chmod |
Changes the permissions of a file or directory
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cp |
Copies a file or directory
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dd |
Copies and converts a file
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df |
Shows disk free space on filesystems
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dir |
Is exactly like "ls -C -b". (Files are by default listed in columns and sorted vertically.)
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dircolors |
Setup color for ls
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install |
Copies files and set attributes
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ln |
Creates a link to a file
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ls |
Lists the files in a directory
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mkdir |
Creates a directory
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mkfifo |
Makes named pipes (FIFOs)
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mknod |
Makes block or character special files
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mktemp |
Create a temporary file or directory
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mv |
Moves files or rename files
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rm |
Removes (deletes) files
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rmdir |
Removes empty directories
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shred |
Overwrites a file to hide its contents, and optionally delete it
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sync |
Flushes file system buffers
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touch |
Changes file timestamps
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truncate |
Shrink or extend the size of a file to the specifed size
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vdir |
Is exactly like "ls -l -b". (Files are by default listed in long format.)
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| Text utilities
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base64 |
base64 encode/decode data and print to standard output
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cat |
Concatenates and prints files on the standard output
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cksum |
Checksums and count the bytes in a file
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comm |
Compares two sorted files line by line
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csplit |
Splits a file into sections determined by context lines
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cut |
Removes sections from each line of files
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expand |
Converts tabs to spaces
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fmt |
Simple optimal text formatter
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fold |
Wraps each input line to fit in specified width
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head |
Outputs the first part of files
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join |
Joins lines of two files on a common field
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md5sum |
Computes and checks MD5 message digest
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nl |
Numbers lines of files
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od |
Dumps files in octal and other formats
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paste |
Merges lines of files
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ptx |
Produces a permuted index of file contents
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pr |
Converts text files for printing
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sha1sum,
sha224sum,
sha256sum,
sha384sum,
sha512sum |
Computes and checks SHA-1, SHA-224/256/384/512 message digest
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shuf |
generate random permutations
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sort |
sort lines of text files
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split |
split a file into pieces
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sum |
Checksums and counts the blocks in a file
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tac |
Concatenates and prints files in reverse
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tail |
Outputs the last part of files
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tr |
Translates or deletes characters
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tsort |
Performs a topological sort
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unexpand |
Converts spaces to tabs
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uniq |
Removes duplicate lines from a sorted file
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wc |
Prints the number of bytes, words, and lines in files
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| Shell utilities
|
arch |
print machine hardware name (same as uname -m)
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basename |
Removes the path prefix from a given pathname
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chroot |
Changes the root directory
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date |
Prints/sets the system date and time
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dirname |
Strips non-directory suffix from file name
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du |
Shows disk usage on file systems
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echo |
Displays a specified line of text
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env |
Displays and modifies environment variables
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expr |
Evaluates expressions
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factor |
Factors numbers
|
false |
Does nothing, but exits unsuccessfully
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groups |
Prints the groups of which the user is a member
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hostid |
Prints the numeric identifier for the current host
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id |
Prints real/effective UID and GID
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link |
Creates a link to a file
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logname |
Print the user's login name
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nice |
Modifies scheduling priority
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nohup |
Allows a command to continue running after logging out
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pathchk |
Checks whether file names are valid or portable
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pinky |
A lightweight version of finger
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printenv |
Prints environment variables
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printf |
Formats and prints data
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pwd |
Prints the current working directory
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readlink |
Displays value of a symbolic link
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runcon |
Run command with specified security context
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seq |
Prints a sequence of numbers
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sleep |
Delays for a specified amount of time
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stat |
Returns data about an inode
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stty |
Changes and prints terminal line settings
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su |
Run a shell or command with substitute user and group IDs
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tee |
Sends output to multiple files
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test |
Evaluates an expression
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timeout |
Run a command with a time limit
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true |
Does nothing, but exits successfully
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tty |
Prints terminal name
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uname |
Prints system information
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unlink |
Removes the specified file using the unlink function
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uptime |
Tell how long the system has been running
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users |
Prints the user names of users currently logged in to the current host
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who |
Prints a list of all users currently logged in.
|
whoami |
Prints the effective userid
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yes |
Prints a string repeatedly
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| Other Utilities
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[ |
A synonym for test, this program permits expressions like [ expression ].
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| System Utilities
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