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Grand Prince Yeongchang

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Grand Prince Yeongchang
영창대군
Grand Prince of Joseon
Born12 April 1606
Hanseong-bu, Kingdom of Joseon
Died19 March 1614 (aged 7)
Ganghwa-do, Gyeonggi-do, Kingdom of Joseon
Burial
"Grand Prince Yeongchang's Mausoleum", Goeun-ri, Iljuk-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do[1]
IssueYi-Pil, Prince Changseong (adopted)
HouseHouse of Yi
FatherSeonjo of Joseon
MotherQueen Inmok of the Yeonan Gim clan
Grand Prince Yeongchang
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationGyeongchang Daegun
McCune–ReischauerGyŏngch'ang T'aekun
Birth name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationYi Ui
McCune–ReischauerI Ŭi

Grand Prince Yeongchang (Hangul: 영창대군, Hanja: 永昌大君; 12 April 1606 - 19 March 1614[2]), personal name was Yi Ui or Lee Ui (Hangul: 이의, Hanja: 李㼁) was a Korean Royal Prince as the only son of Seonjo of Joseon and Queen Inmok of the Yeonan Gim clan.[3]

He was the only son of Seonjo who was born when Seonjo was 55 years old.[4] Because of this too, Yeonguijeong (영의정) and Ryu Yeong-Gyeong (류영경) once tried to selected Yeongchang as the Crown Prince (왕세자, 王世子) for replace his half big brother, Crown Prince Gwanghae (광해세자) those caused him to be unjustly executed after his half big brother took office.[5]

Biography

Crown Prince's throne

He become Grand Prince Yeongchang (영창대군, 永昌大君) when he was 6 years old.[6] His father, Seonjo was aware with the fact that Gwanghae had already become the Crown Prince (왕세자, 王世子), then secretly discussed with Yu Yeong-Gyeong (유영경) and some of his servants about censure of the Prince. Seonjo also made plans to change the crown prince when he was born, but it was destroyed. Meanwhile, Seonjo with specifically asked 7 people, including Han Jun-Gyeom (한준겸) to follow the Prince in order to protect him.[5] This was called Yugyochilsin (유교칠신, 遺敎七臣; lit.:"Confucian Chilsin"). Later, when Yi Yi-Cheom (이이첨)[3] and Jeong In-Hong (정인홍) saw this, both of them were argued that he shouldn't change the crown prince, but in fact, they went home and spreading unfounded rumors. When Seonjo suddenly death in 16 March 1608, Gwanghae, the Crown Prince take over the throne and then recruited them again.

Later, in 1613, Gyechukoksa (계축옥사) was made and Daebukpa (대북파) made a false confession to Bak Eung-Seo (박응서) and others for the conspiracy to elected the Prince and Gim Je-Nam (김제남), his maternal grandfather. The Prince was also abolished and then exiled to Ganghwa-do.[3] From July to November in the same year, Yang-sa (양사), Hongmungwan (홍문관, 弘文館)[7] and Seungjeongwon (승정원, 承政院)[8] alternately impeached them, but Gwanghae rejected they all.

In 1614, Yi Yi-Cheom's group ordered Ganghwabusa (강화부사, 江華府使) to Jeong-hang (정항, 鄭沆)[9] and maliciously burned the Prince's room, also make him quit food.[4] The young prince couldn't sit or lie on a hot floor day and night, grabbed a grate and cried.[10] After this, Yi Yi-Cheom and Jeong-hang reported if the Prince was died because of illness.[11] At this time, he was still 7 years old.

Later life

At this time, Samsa (삼사) and Seungjeongwon (승정원) continued to appeal the punishment of Yeongchang.[12] But, some of Nam-in (남인, 南人), Il-bu (일부) and Seo-in (서인, 西人) opposed his punishment, also Sa-rim (사림) opposed his execution and claimed that although he and Gwanghae were a half brother because their mother was different, there was a righteousness between mother, child, and brothers. In addition, public opinion appeared in favor to him and asked if he would have intention to conspiring against him. However, due to the continued appeals from Daebukpa (대북파), the Prince died in his exile place on 19 March 1614.

After his death, his half big brother, Prince Gyeongchang (경창군)'s 4th son, Prince Changseong (창성군) become his adopted son for continuing the House of Yi Royal Family's line. Then, on 15 March 1623, due to his nephew, King Injo's new reign, he was restored and his title was given back to him.

After life

The Prince's body was transported and buried on 1614 (6th year reign of his half big brother, Gwanghaegun of Joseon) under Namhansanseong in Gwangju-gun, Gyeonggi-do, South Korean and his tomb was located in Goeun-ri, Iljuk-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do firstly, but later relocated in 1993 to Alleyway 4911, Taepyeong 3–dong, Seongnam-si. That tomb was also found damaged in five pieces during the plumbing of a city gas facility.

Legacy

  • His tomb, "Grand Prince Yeongchang's Mausoleum" (영창대군묘) was designated as the 75th Monument of Gyeonggi-do on 19 September 1983.[13]

Family

Relative(s):

  1. Big sister: Princess Jeongmyeong (27 June 1603 - 8 September 1685) (정명공주)
    1. Big brother In-law: Hong Ju-Won, Prince Consort Yeongan (August 1606 - 3 November 1672) (홍주원 영안위)
  • Yi-Pil, Prince Changseong (이필 창성군) – adopted son[14]
  • Portrayed by Choi Kang-won in the 1995 KBS2 TV series West Palace.
  • Portrayed by Kang-san in the 2003 SBS The King's Woman.
  • Portrayed by Seol Woo-hyung in the 2014–2015 KBS2 TV series The King's Face.
  • Portrayed by Jeon Jin-seo in the 2015 MBC TV series Splendid Politics.[15]

References

  1. ^ "안성 영창대군 묘, 가장 참혹하게 생을 마감한 비극의 왕자". m.blog.naver.com.
  2. ^ In Lunar calendar, he was born on 6 March 1606 and died on 10 February 1614.
  3. ^ a b c "영창대군(永昌大君)". encykorea.aks.ac.kr.
  4. ^ a b "가장 참혹하게 죽음을 맞은 비극의 조선 왕자 영창대군". m.blog.naver.com.
  5. ^ a b "영창대군 이야기". m.blog.naver.com.
  6. ^ "조선왕조실록". sillok.history.go.kr.
  7. ^ "조선왕조실록". sillok.history.go.kr.
  8. ^ "조선왕조실록". sillok.history.go.kr.
  9. ^ "강화부사 정항이 영창대군을 살해하다". m.blog.naver.com.
  10. ^ 《조선왕조실록》 광해 75권, 6년(1614년) 2월 10일 2번째 기사
  11. ^ 이종호, 《조선을 뒤흔든 아버지와 아들》 역사의 아침, 2008, p.120, ISBN 978-89-93119-06-0
  12. ^ "조선왕조실록". sillok.history.go.kr.
  13. ^ "경기도 기념물 제75호 영창대군묘 (永昌大君墓)". www.heritage.go.kr.
  14. ^ He was the 4th son of Prince Gyeongchang (경창군), the only son of Seonjo of Joseon and Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Namyang Hong clan (정빈 홍씨); his biological father was his adopted father's half big brother.
  15. ^ "'화정' 전진서, 역모 누명으로 귀향..'영창의 비극' 시작". www.hankyung.com (in Korean).
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