Honorary city titles in Nazi Germany
In Nazi Germany, the state gave a number of honorary titles to certain German cities.
The following cities were given an honorary title during 1933-1939:[1]
City | Honorary title | In English | Since | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|
Berlin-Friedrichshain | Horst-Wessel-Stadt | "Horst Wessel City" | 1933 | |
Braunschweig | Die deutsche Siedlungsstadt | "German Settlement City" | Self-assigned title.[2] | |
Bremen |
Stadt der Kolonien Hauptstadt der deutschen Schiffahrt |
"City of the Colonies" "Capital of German Shipping" |
1933 | [3]
Shared with the city of Hamburg, see below.[4] |
Chemnitz | Hauptstadt der deutschen Industrie | "Capital of German Industry" | 1933 | Shared with the city of Essen, see below.[4] |
Coburg | Erste nationalsozialistische Stadt Deutschlands | "First National Socialist City of Germany" | 1939 | Coburg was the first German city in which the NSDAP won the absolute majority of the popular votes during municipal elections. |
Cologne | Hauptstadt des deutschen Handels | "Capital of German Trade" | 1933 | Shared with the city of Leipzig, see below.[4] |
Essen | Hauptstadt der deutschen Industrie | "Capital of German Industry" | 1933 | Shared with the city of Chemnitz, see above.[4] |
Frankfurt am Main | Stadt des deutschen Handwerks | "City of German Crafts" | 1935 | See Friedrich Krebs (mayor) |
Goslar | Reichsbauernstadt | "Reich Peasant City" | 1936 | [5] |
Graz | Stadt der Volkserhebung | "City of the Popular Uprising" | 25 July 1938 | Given because of pre-Anschluss pro-Nazi demonstrations.[6] |
Hamburg | Hauptstadt der deutschen Schiffahrt | "Capital of German Shipping" | 1933 | Shared with the city of Bremen, see above.[4] |
Innsbruck | Stadt der deutschen Bergsteiger | "City of the German Mountaineers" | ||
Landsberg am Lech | Stadt der Jugend | "City of the Youth" | 1937 | [7] |
Leipzig |
Reichsmessestadt Hauptstadt des deutschen Handels |
"Reich Fair City" "Capital of German Trade"" |
20 December 1937
1933 |
[8]
Shared with the city of Cologne, see above.[4] |
Linz | First: Jugendstadt des Führers Heimatstadt des Führers |
First: "Youth City of the Führer" "Home City of the Führer" |
Adolf Hitler spent much of his youth in Linz, and continued to consider it his home town for the rest of his life. | |
Later:
Gründungsstadt des Großdeutschen Reichs Patenstadt des Führers |
Later:
"City of the Founding of the Greater German Reich" "Patronage City of the Führer" |
1938 | The law which formally legalized the incorporation of Austria into the German Reich was signed in Linz on 13 March 1938 by Hitler and Arthur Seyss-Inquart, then-Chancellor of the Austrian Republic. | |
Munich |
Hauptstadt der deutschen Kunst Hauptstadt der Bewegung Merged title: Hauptstadt der Bewegung und Hauptstadt der deutschen Kunst |
"Capital of German Art" "Capital of the Movement" Merged title: "Capital of the Movement and Capital of German Art" |
1933
1935 1938 |
"The Movement" meaning the Nazi Party, which was founded and headquartered in Munich.
|
Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz | Dietrich-Eckart-Stadt | "Dietrich Eckart City" | ||
Nuremberg | Stadt der Reichsparteitage | "City of the Reich Party Conventions" | 7 July 1936 | Center of the annual Nuremberg Rallies)[10] |
Salzburg | Stadt der Lebensforschung | "City of Life Sciences" | ||
Salzgitter | Officially:
Stadt der Hermann-Göring-Werke Informally: Hermann-Göring-Stadt |
Officially:
"City of the Hermann-Göring-Werke" Informally: "Hermann Göring City" |
[11] | |
Soest | Stadt des deutschen Mittelalters | "City of the German Middle Ages" | ||
Stuttgart | Stadt der Auslandsdeutschen | "City of the Abroad Germans" | 1936 | [12][13] |
Wels | Stadt der Bewegung
Patenstadt von Hermann Göring |
"City of the Movement"
"Patronage City of Hermann Göring" |
[14] | |
Wolfsburg | Stadt des KdF-Wagens | "City of the KdF Car" | 1938 | Unlike the other cities on this list which were merely assigned these honorary titles, Wolfsburg was actually founded under the name Stadt des KdF-Wagens bei Fallersleben, not acquiring its modern name until the post-war denazification process after the Third Reich's defeat in 1945. |
See also
- German World War II strongholds, so-called Festung ("fortress") cities of Nazi Germany.
- Führerstadt
- Streets named after Adolf Hitler
References
- ^ Fritz Mayrhofer: Die "Patenstadt des Führers", Linz
- ^ Verkehrszeitschrift d. St. Braunschweig: Braunschweig - Die deutsche Siedlungsstadt, Siedlungs-So.heft serie 5, 1935
- ^ Heinz Gustafsson: Namibia, Bremen und Deutschland, Aschenbeck & Holstein, 2003, ISBN 3-932292-40-5
- ^ a b c d e f Donath, Matthias (2007). Architektur in München 1933-1945: ein Stadtführer, p. 10. Lukas Verlag, Berlin.
- ^ P. Schyga: Von der nationalen Stadt zur Reichsbauernstadt des Nationalsozialismus, Goslar 1918 - 1945 - Ein historisch-politischer Essay, Bielefeld, 1999.
- ^ Helmut Konrad / Andrea Strutz: Graz - "Stadt der Volkserhebung", March 2007
- ^ Manfred Deiler: Landsberg wird zum Wallfahrtsort des Nationalsozialismus, Landsberg, 2005
- ^ Leipzig-Lexikon: Register R: „Reichsmessestadt“
- ^ Spotts, Frederic (2003). Hitler and the Power of Aesthetics, p. 368. Pimlico, London.
- ^ Alexander Schmidt: Geländebegehung. Das Reichsparteitagsgelände in Nürnberg, tredje helt omarbetade upplagan, Nürnberg 2002
- ^ Forndran, Erhard (1984). Die Stadt- und Industriegründungen Wolfsburg und Salzgitter, p. 394. Campus.
- ^ Stadt Stuttgart: Karl Strölin (1890-1963)
- ^ Roland Müller: Die Stuttgarter Kriegsfilmchronik - Ein besonderer Bestand im Stadtarchiv (Uppsats)
- ^ Hauch et al 2001, NS-Zwangsarbeit: der Standort Linz der Reichswerke Hermann-Göring-AG Berlin, 1938-1945. Zwangsarbeit-Sklavenarbeit : Politik-, social- und wirtschaftshistorische Studien, vol. 1, p. 29, ISBN 3-205-99417-5