Khasa Kingdom

The Khasa kingdom, also known as the Khasa-Malla kingdom, was a kingdom established in present-day Nepal around 10th century. It was ruled by kings who bore the family name "Malla" (not to be confused with the later Malla dynasty of Kathmandu).^[1] The Khasa Malla kings ruled western parts of Nepal during 11th-14th century.^[2]

Some of the earliest Devanagari script examples are the 13th century records from the sites in the former Khasa kingdom.^{[citation needed]} These archaeological sites are located in Jumla, Surkhet and Dailekh districts. Dullu was the capital of the Khasa kingdom.

History

An ancient tribe named Khasa is mentioned in several ancient legendary Indian texts, including the Mahabharata. The historical Khasa kingdom is different from the territory of this legendary tribe, although there have been some speculations about a connection between the two. The historical Khasas are mentioned in several Indian inscriptions dated between 8th and 13th centuries CE.^[3]

Recorded evidence of 12-14th century shows that Khas kingdom came into power at end of 10th century. This Khasa kingdom is a different state than 'Khasa Kingdom' as maintained in Mahabharat.

Known rulers

Naagraj (नागराज)
Chaap (चाप)
Chapilla (चापिल्ल)
Krashichalla (क्राशिचल्ल)
Kradhichalla (क्राधिचल्ल)
Krachalla (क्राचल्ल) (1189-1223)
Jitari Malla (जितारी मल्ल)
Ashok Chlla / Malla (अशोक चल्ल) (1223–87)
Ripu Malla (रिपु मल्ल) (1312–13) Nephew of Jitari Malla
Aditya Malla (आदित्य मल्ल) (end of Rule Nagraj Clan)
Punya Malla (पुन्य मल्ल) son in law of Aditya Malla
Prithvi Malla (पृथ्वी मल्ल) had no son
Surya Malla (सूर्य मल्ल) Son of Ripu Malla, Nagraj clan back to rule

Decline

After late 13th century the Khas empire collapsed and divided into Baise Rajya (22 principalities) in Karnali-Bheri region and 12 principalities in Gandak region; among Chaubise rajya (24 principalities) 12 were Khas and 12 were Magar Rajyas.

The 22 principalities were

The 24 principalities were

References

^ Surya Mani Adhikary (1997). The Khaśa kingdom: a trans-Himalayan empire of the middle age. Nirala. p. 37. ISBN 978-81-85693-50-7.
^ Krishna P. Bhattarai (1 January 2009). Nepal. Infobase Publishing. p. 113. ISBN 978-1-4381-0523-9.
^ Laxman S. Thakur (1990). K. K. Kusuman (ed.). The Khasas An Early Indian Tribe. Mittal Publications. pp. 285–293. ISBN 978-81-7099-214-1. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

[1] Surya Mani Adhikary (1997). The Khaśa kingdom: a trans-Himalayan empire of the middle age. Nirala. p. 37. ISBN 978-81-85693-50-7.

[Krishna_2009-2] Krishna P. Bhattarai (1 January 2009). Nepal. Infobase Publishing. p. 113. ISBN 978-1-4381-0523-9.

[Kusuman1990-3] Laxman S. Thakur (1990). K. K. Kusuman (ed.). The Khasas An Early Indian Tribe. Mittal Publications. pp. 285–293. ISBN 978-81-7099-214-1. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

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