LIN28

Lin-28 homolog A (C. elegans)
PDB rendering based on 2cqf.
Available structures PDB 2cqf
Identifiers
Symbols	LIN28A; CSDD1; FLJ12457; LIN-28; LIN28; ZCCHC1
External IDs	OMIM: 611043 MGI: 1890546 HomoloGene: 32592 GeneCards: LIN28A Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • DNA binding • RNA binding • mRNA binding • protein binding • zinc ion binding • translation initiation factor binding • metal ion binding Cellular component • cytoplasmic mRNA processing body • nucleus • nucleolus • cytoplasm • stress granule Biological process • regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • germ cell development • miRNA catabolic process • stem cell maintenance • gene silencing by RNA • pre-microRNA processing • RNA 3'-end processing • positive regulation of neuron differentiation • negative regulation of glial cell differentiation • positive regulation of translation • stem cell differentiation Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	79727	83557
Ensembl	ENSG00000131914	ENSMUSG00000050966
UniProt	Q9H9Z2	Q8K3Y3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_024674	NM_145833.1
RefSeq (protein)	NP_078950	NP_665832.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 26.74 – 26.76 Mb	Chr 4: 133.56 – 133.57 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Lin-28 homolog A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LIN28 gene.

LIN28 encodes a microRNA-binding protein that binds to and enhances the translation of the IGF-2 (insulin-like growth factor 2) mRNA. Lin28 has also been shown to bind to the let-7 pre-microRNA and block production of the mature let-7 microRNA in mouse embryonic stem cells.

Applications

LIN28 is a marker of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells and has been used to enhance the efficiency of the formation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from human fibroblasts.

Structure

crystallographic structures of Lin28/let-7 complexes reveal that two folded domains of Lin28 recognize two distinct regions of the RNA. The domains are sufficient for inhibition of let-7 in vivo.

Further reading

• Richards M, Tan SP, Tan JH, et al. (2004). "The transcriptome profile of human embryonic stem cells as defined by SAGE". Stem Cells 22 (1): 51–64. doi:10.1634/stemcells.22-1-51. PMID 14688391. 
• Sempere LF, Freemantle S, Pitha-Rowe I, et al. (2004). "Expression profiling of mammalian microRNAs uncovers a subset of brain-expressed microRNAs with possible roles in murine and human neuronal differentiation". Genome Biol. 5 (3): R13. doi:10.1186/gb-2004-5-3-r13. PMC 395763. PMID 15003116. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=395763. 
• Gerecht-Nir S, Dazard JE, Golan-Mashiach M, et al. (2005). "Vascular gene expression and phenotypic correlation during differentiation of human embryonic stem cells". Dev. Dyn. 232 (2): 487–97. doi:10.1002/dvdy.20247. PMID 15614775. 
• Lee YS, Kim HK, Chung S, et al. (2005). "Depletion of human micro-RNA miR-125b reveals that it is critical for the proliferation of differentiated cells but not for the down-regulation of putative targets during differentiation". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (17): 16635–41. doi:10.1074/jbc.M412247200. PMID 15722555. 
• Wu L, Belasco JG (2005). "Micro-RNA Regulation of the Mammalian lin-28 Gene during Neuronal Differentiation of Embryonal Carcinoma Cells". Mol. Cell. Biol. 25 (21): 9198–208. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.21.9198-9208.2005. PMC 1265813. PMID 16227573. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1265813. 
• Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1". Nature 441 (7091): 315–21. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414.