List of active volcanoes in the Philippines

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Active volcanoes in the Philippines, as categorized by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), include volcanoes in the country having erupted within historical times (within the last 600 years), with accounts of these eruptions documented by man; or having erupted within the last 10,000 years (holocene) based on analyses of datable materials. However, there is no consensus among volcanologists on how to define an "active" volcano. As of 2012, PHIVOLCS lists 23 volcanoes as active in the Philippines, 21 of which have historical eruptions and two strongly fumarolic volcanoes - Cabalian and Leonard Kniaseff.[1][failed verification]; the Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program categories 20 Philippine volcanoes as "historical" and 59 as "holocene".[2]

The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program (GVP) list volcanoes with historical, Holocene eruptions, or possibly older if strong signs of volcanism are still evident through thermal features like fumaroles, hot springs, mud pots, etc.[3] GVP currently lists 50 Philippines volcanoes.[2] The eruptions from the table below were based more on GVP which gives a more detailed eruption history for a particular mountain. The frequency of Historical Eruptions are based on definite historical eruptions and excludes questionable or Uncertain accounts based on the two sources mentioned.

The list below shows 25 active volcanoes in the Philippines was based more on the PHIVOLCS list with some included from the GVP list. The number is not a definite number and could defend on someone's definition of "active" or historical timeframe. Also, volcanoes listed as inactive or potentially active could renew activity after long periods of dormancy such as Mount Pinatubo in 1991.

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Active volcanoes in the Philippines

Volcano Coordinates Elevation (m) Province/s Historical Eruptions Eruption Description and Current Status
Ambalatungan Group 17°18′40″N 121°06′13″E / 17.310982°N 121.103668°E / 17.310982; 121.103668 (Ambalatungan Group) 2,329 metres (7,641 ft) Kalinga 0 Explosions in 1952 is uncertain.[4] Fumarolic with solfataras and thermal springs.
Babuyan Claro 9°31′23″N 121°56′24″E / 9.523°N 121.940°E / 9.523; 121.940 (Babuyan Claro) 1,080 metres (3,540 ft) Cagayan 3 Eruptions were recorded in 1831, 1860 and 1913. Askedna Hot Springs is located in the southern base of the volcano.
Banahaw 14°04′N 121°29′E / 14.07°N 121.48°E / 14.07; 121.48 (Banahaw) 2,158 metres (7,080 ft) Quezon 0 Eruptions were uncertain during the mudflows of 1730, 1743, 1843 and 1909.[5]
Biliran 11°33′29″N 124°30′47″E / 11.558°N 124.513°E / 11.558; 124.513 (Biliran) 1,301 metres (4,268 ft) Biliran 1 Phreatic eruption in 1939. Fumarolic with thermal springs
Bulusan 12°46′12″N 124°03′00″E / 12.770°N 124.05°E / 12.770; 124.05 (Bulusan) 1,565 metres (5,135 ft) Sorsogon 17 Eruptions years are from 1886 to 2011. Permanently monitored
Cagua 18°13′19″N 122°07′23″E / 18.222°N 122.123°E / 18.222; 122.123 (Cagua) 1,133 metres (3,717 ft) Cagayan 1 Eruption in 1860 and strong solfataric activity in 1907. Thermal areas are located near the summit and NW to NNE flanks.
Camiguin de Babuyanes 18°49′48″N 121°51′36″E / 18.83°N 121.860°E / 18.83; 121.860 (Camiguin de Babuyanes) 712 metres (2,336 ft) Cagayan 1 Its only recorded eruption was in 1857. Fumarolic with thermal springs
Didicas 19°04′37″N 122°12′07″E / 19.077°N 122.202°E / 19.077; 122.202 (Didicas) 244 metres (801 ft) Cagayan 6 Eruptions in 1773, 1856, 1900, 1952, 1969 and 1978. A submarine volcano till 1952 when a permanent island was formed.[6]
Hibok-Hibok 9°12′11″N 124°40′23″E / 9.203°N 124.673°E / 9.203; 124.673 (Hibok-Hibok) 1,552 metres (5,092 ft) Camiguin 5 Eruption in years 1827, 1862, 1871 and 1948–1952. Activity from 1897-1902 was only solfataric. Permanently monitored.
Iraya 20°28′08″N 122°00′36″E / 20.469°N 122.010°E / 20.469; 122.010 (Iraya) 1,009 metres (3,310 ft) Batanes 1 Last eruption was in 1454. Seismic swarm in 1998.
Iriga 13°27′25″N 123°27′25″E / 13.457°N 123.457°E / 13.457; 123.457 (Iriga) 1,196 metres (3,924 ft) Camarines Sur 0 The eruption in 1628 was discredited.[7]
Jolo Group 6°00′47″N 121°03′25″E / 6.013°N 121.057°E / 6.013; 121.057 (Jolo Group) 811 metres (2,661 ft) Sulu 0 Uncertain submarine eruption in 1897. Listed as Bud Dajo, a cinder cone on Jolo Island, in the PHIVOLCS list.
Kanlaon 10°24′43″N 123°07′55″E / 10.412°N 123.132°E / 10.412; 123.132 (Kanla-on) 2,435 metres (7,989 ft) Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental 26 Eruptions were recorded from 1886 to 2006. Permanently monitored.
Leonard Kniaseff 7°22′55″N 126°02′49″E / 7.382°N 126.047°E / 7.382; 126.047 (Leonard Kniaseff) 1,190 metres (3,900 ft) Davao del Norte 0 Last eruption was dated as c.120 AD.[8] Strong thermal features.
Makaturing 7°38′49″N 124°19′12″E / 7.647°N 124.32°E / 7.647; 124.32 (Makaturing) 1,940 metres (6,360 ft) Lanao del Sur 2 Eruption recorded in 1865 and 1882. The 1856 and 1858 eruptions was credited to Ragang[9][10]
Matutum 6°22′N 125°04′E / 6.37°N 125.07°E / 6.37; 125.07 (Matutum) 2,286 metres (7,500 ft) South Cotabato 0 Mountain was fumarolic on March 7, 1911, but if an eruption occurred was uncertain. Thermal springs in Almoan and Linan.[11][12]
Mayon 13°15′25″N 123°41′06″E / 13.257°N 123.685°E / 13.257; 123.685 (Mayon) 2,462 metres (8,077 ft) Albay 50 Eruptions were recorded from 1616 to 2009. Permanently monitored.
Musuan 7°52′37″N 125°04′05″E / 7.877°N 125.068°E / 7.877; 125.068 (Musuan) 646 metres (2,119 ft) Bukidnon 2 Eruptions in 1866 & 1867. Strong seismic swarm in 1976.
Parker 6°06′47″N 124°53′31″E / 6.113°N 124.892°E / 6.113; 124.892 (Mount Parker) 1,824 metres (5,984 ft) Cotabato 1 A caldera-forming eruption occurred on January 4, 1641.
Pinatubo 15°08′N 120°21′E / 15.13°N 120.35°E / 15.13; 120.35 (Pinatubo) 1,486 metres (4,875 ft) Zambales, Tarlac, Pampanga 3 Reawakened in 1991 producing the 2nd largest eruption in the 20th century. Followed by milder eruptions in 1992 and 1993.
Ragang 7°42′N 124°30′E / 7.70°N 124.50°E / 7.70; 124.50 (Ragang) 2,815 metres (9,236 ft) Lanao del Sur, Cotabato 7 Eruption years are from 1765 to 1873. Eruptions were uncertain in 1915 and 1916.
San Pablo Volcanic Field 14°07′N 121°18′E / 14.12°N 121.30°E / 14.12; 121.30 (San Pablo Volcanic Field) 1,090 metres (3,580 ft) Laguna, Batangas 0 Last activity was the formation of Sampaloc Lake around 1350 AD +/- 100 years determined by anthropology[3][13]
Smith 19°32′02″N 121°55′01″E / 19.534°N 121.917°E / 19.534; 121.917 (Smith) 688 metres (2,257 ft) Cagayan 6 Eruption years are from 1652 to 1924. Combined with Babuyan Claro on the GVP list.
Taal 14°00′07″N 120°59′35″E / 14.002°N 120.993°E / 14.002; 120.993 (Taal) 400 metres (1,300 ft) Batangas 33 Eruption years is from 1572 to 1977. Showing signs of unrest since 1991 and permanently monitored.
Unnamed volcano (Ibugos) 20°20′N 121°45′E / 20.33°N 121.75°E / 20.33; 121.75 (Unnamed volcano (Ibugos)) −24 metres (−79 ft) Batanes 3 Submarine eruptions in 1773, 1850 and 1854.

See also

References

  1. ^ "List of Active Volcanoes". Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS).
  2. ^ a b "Volcanoes of the Philippines and Southeast Asia". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2011-08-18.
  3. ^ a b "Volcano Data Criteria". accessdate=2011-08-18. Smithsonian Institution.
  4. ^ "Eruption History, Ambalatungan Group". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-08-18.
  5. ^ "Banahaw Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-08-18.
  6. ^ "Didicas Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-08-18.
  7. ^ "Iriga Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-08-18.
  8. ^ "Leonard Range Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-08-18.
  9. ^ "Makaturing Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-08-18.
  10. ^ "Makaturing". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-08-18.
  11. ^ "Matutum". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-08-18.
  12. ^ "Matutum Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-08-18.
  13. ^ "San Pablo Volcanic Field Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on 2011-08-18.

External links

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