Miskin Abdal
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Miskin Abdal | |
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| Born | Səyid Huseyn Muhammed oğlu 1430 |
| Died | 1535 |
| Occupation(s) | Folk poet-ashugh, Sufi philosopher-thinker, statesman |
| Known for | Founder of the ashugh school, Foreign affairs of the Safavid state |
| Notable work | Epic "Miskin Abdal and Senuber," Epic "Shah Ismail and Miskin Abdal," "Lev Sahla Ibrahim," "Orphan Hussein," Azerbaijani minstrel literature |
Miskin Abdal (born: Səyid Huseyn Muhammed oğlu; 1430–1535) was an Azerbaijani folk poet-ashugh, Sufi philosopher-thinker, and statesman, who for many years was in charge of foreign affairs of the Safavid state under Shah Ismail Khatai (1487–1524). He was the founder of the ashugh school.[1]
One of the brightest figures in the history of Azerbaijan, he played an important role in the development of science and art.[2]
Under the name of Miskin, Abdal (Architect of the soul) was the creator of the literature of Azerbaijani minstrels - ashugh folk singers.
After many years of service at the court of Shah Ismail I Khatai, in 1524 he returned home. He opened the first school in Sariyagub (now Jaghatsadzor, Gegharkunik region, Armenia).[3]
The author of the epic "Miskin Abdal and Senuber", created in the colloquial genre, tells about the life path of the poet, almost a hundred years of life in palaces, travels, life sufferings of the past. After the death of Miskin Abdal, this epic was formed on the basis of his poems circulating among the people.
The epic "Shah Ismail and Miskin Abdal" differs from the previous epic and heroic work in its philosophical characteristics. Its content is based on real historical events. He also owns the epics "Lev Sahla Ibrahim" and "Orphan Hussein".
Now the house in which he lived and the grave have been visited by numerous admirers of his work for centuries, as a shrine. Hüseyin belonged to the "Zargali" tribe, which was one of the well-known tribes of that time. Huseyn's noble grandfather, Yaqub, had an unbreakable friendship with Sheikh Safi, and this spiritual closeness continued between the descendants of both lineages. Huseyn's father, Jafar, along with his father, Mohammad Ardabil, actively supported the formation of the Goycha Sufi order's ideas.
Growing up in such an environment, Huseyn carries with him the historical and spiritual-religious mission of the sacred lineage. He establishes the foundation of the ashik-Sufi literature under the name "Miskin Abdal," gaining fame as the architect of the soul of the Zargali tribe. He brings richness and sanctity to literature, arts, and the sacred with the ideas of the Sufi order.
Like many Truth Lovers, Miskin Abdal also had a dream where he was betrothed to a girl named Sanubar from the city of Tabriz. He went to Tabriz, found his betrothed, and married her. After a tragic event, Sanubar passed away. Following her death, he did not remarry for a long time. Only at the age of 50, he married Helime, the daughter of a merchant from Iravan, and they had four children - Shadman, Ali, Hasan, and a daughter named Maleike. Ali and Hasan, the two sons, tragically lost their lives in the mountains of Dagestan.
Miskin Abdal, who spent a century in palaces, travels, and the challenging paths of life, gradually became the subject of legends, epics, and stories.
During his lifetime and after his death, lovers created tales such as "Miskin Abdal and Sanubar" and "Miskin Abdal and Shah Ismail." Additionally, Miskin Abdal himself composed the tale "Aslan Shah and Ibrahim" dedicated to the tragic fate of Sheikh Heydar's sons and the tale "Orphan Hussein."
The tale of "Miskin Abdal and Sanubar" is a love story that reflects the poet's life journey. It is evident from the spirit of the tale that after Miskin Abdal's transformation, this story was formed based on his poems circulating among the people.
On the other hand, the tale "Shah Ismail and Miskin Abdal" differs from love and heroism tales due to its unique literary qualities. This tale's plot is based on real historical events.
The tales "Aslan Shah and Ibrahim" and "Orphan Hussein," according to the saz-söz masters of Goycha, were created by Miskin Abdal.
In his era, Miskin Abdal carried titles such as "Abdal," "Pir," "Ata," and "Sheikh" alongside Sufi titles.
Until 1524, Miskin Abdal served in various high-ranking state positions in Tabriz. However, he faced a significant shock due to the untimely death of Shah Ismail and turned away from the palace, returning to his native Goycha. There, he opened the first school, engaging in educational activities. The school he opened in Zargali (Sarıyaqub) played a crucial role in the intellectual, cultural, and artistic life of Goycha. In 1535, he passed away at the age of 105 in the village of Sarıyaqub in Goycha and was buried there. His house and the tomb where he slept are visited as a sacred place for centuries.
His lineage is represented by his only son, Shadman ("Shadmanli" tribe), and his daughter, Maleike ("Ocaqli" tribe).
A prominent representative of Miskin Abdal's lineage is Tofiq Huseynzade, born in the village of Sarıyaqub in Basarkechir region of Goycha. Tofiq Huseynzade, a pedagogue, journalist, poet, publicist, folklore researcher, published a book in 2005 titled "Sufis' Great Saint - Miskin Abdal" about his great-grandfather. After his death on November 13, 2006, his dissertation work on the poetics of ashik melodies was published in 2017 as part of a monograph. In 2018, T. Huseynzade's three-volume book "Dream Spark" was published. This book includes over 750 poems, stories, wisdom sayings, as well as the scientific explanation of the Sufi concepts "Miskin" and "Abdal," symbolizing the highest levels of Sufism in our literature.
Tofiq Huseynzade's son, Rafiq Huseynzade, is a member of the European Association of Urologists, a renowned urologist, a doctor of medical sciences, and a lecturer at the Azerbaijan Medical University's Urology Department.
In Gədəbəy, the "Miskin Abdal" literary assembly has been established.[4]
Selected works[edit]
- A dağlar səhifə
- A yaz ayları
- Ayaq üstədi
- Ağlaram
- Ağlaram (Sultanlar əyləşdi nərgiz taхtında)
- Ağrı dağı
- Bundan sənə nə
- Əlif-Lam
- Dağlar
- Dağların
- Dönərmi
- Gedər
- Gedəsiyəm mən
- Qaldı
- Qocaldım
- Məni
- Nökərəm
- Olmaz
- Piriydi
- Ya Əli[5][6][7]
References[edit]
- ^ Miskin Abdal.
- ^ Abdal, Miskin (2001). Miskin Abdal (in Turkish). Säda. ISBN 9785868742286.
- ^ В конце XV—начале XVI века на этой части исторической Армении кочевало пришлое племя бахарлу — остаток объединения туркменских чернобаранных племен. Подробнее см. Петрушевский И. П. Очерки по истории феодальных отношений в Азербайджане и Армении в XVI - начале XIX вв. — Л., 1949. — С. 49.
- ^ Azərbaycan Ədəbiyyatı İnciləri/ Bayatı, Qoşma, Təcnis, Bakı 1988, с. 70,181,534
- ^ Sazım Sözüm, Baku 1973, с. 12-13.
- ^ Azad Ozan Kərimli, "Musiqi dünyası" jurnalı, №1, 2000-ci il. səh.68.; http://www.musigi-dunya.az/Magazine2/articles/16/162.html
- ^ "Mi̇ski̇n Abdal".
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