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Neon Genesis Evangelion (franchise)

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This article is about the Neon Genesis Evangelion franchise. For the original anime TV series, see Neon Genesis Evangelion.

Neon Genesis Evangelion (新世紀エヴァンゲリオン, Shin Seiki Evangerion) is a Japanese media franchise created by Hideaki Anno and owned by Khara.[1][2] Most of the franchise features an apocalyptic mecha action story, which revolves around the efforts by the paramilitary organization NERV to fight hostile beings called Angels, using giant humanoids called Evangelions (or EVAs for short) that are piloted by select teenagers. Subsequent works deviate from this theme to varying degrees, focusing more on romantic interactions between the characters, plotlines not present in the original works, and reimaginings of the conflicts from the original works.[3]

The Neon Genesis Evangelion manga debuted in Shōnen Ace in December 1994, to generate interest in the upcoming anime release. The Neon Genesis Evangelion anime was written and directed by Hideaki Anno, originally airing from October 1995 until March 1996.[4] The general consensus is that the anime was groundbreaking; it explored religious, psychological, and philosophical themes, while initially appearing to be a standard mecha show. There was some debate over the controversial ending of the television series. In response, two films were made to provide an alternate ending for the show: Neon Genesis Evangelion: Death & Rebirth, released in March 1997, and The End of Evangelion released in July 1997. Death is a compilation of clips from the TV series, with some new footage added, and Rebirth comprises the first 30 minutes or so of End of Evangelion.

The popularity of the show spawned numerous additional media, including video games, radio dramas, audio books, a novel, pachinko machines, and a tetralogy of films titled Rebuild of Evangelion. Other derivative works include Angelic Days, Petit Eva: Evangelion@School and Shinji Ikari Raising Project. Neon Genesis Evangelion has become one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time.

Setting

Works within the Neon Genesis Evangelion franchise typically have the same setting, characters and theme, but can vary in their portrayal of the storyline with alternate re-tellings of the original anime. Evangelion's fictional setting takes place after the Second Impact, a cataclysmic explosion in Antarctica in the year 2000, which resulted in the deaths of billions and threw the Earth off its axis. Fifteen years after the Second Impact, a group of mysterious beings referred to as "Angels" begin appearing and pose a worldwide and existential threat to mankind. The NERV organization, a paramilitary special agency, is tasked with defeating the Angels, with the use of giant mechanical warriors known as "Evangelions" to fight them. A select group of children pilot the Evangelions, with a focus on Shinji Ikari, Rei Ayanami and Asuka Langley Soryu.

The backdrop of Neon Genesis Evangelion slowly reveals the true nature of Rei Ayanami, the Evangelions, the Angels, the NERV organization and a group known as the SEELE organization. Religious themes, include Christianity and Kabbalah references to Adam, Lilith and the Dead Sea Scrolls. The series is well known for its psychoanalysis of the characters, most heavily covered in the implementation of the Human Instrumentality Project, the secret goal of NERV and SEELE, whose result varies across different media, including the original anime, films, manga and video games.

TV series, original net animation and films

Neon Genesis Evangelion

Main article: Neon Genesis Evangelion

Neon Genesis Evangelion (新世紀エヴァンゲリオン, Shin Seiki Evangerion, literally "Gospel of a New Century"), commonly referred to as Evangelion or Eva, is a Japanese science-fantasy animation series that first aired from October 1995 to March 1996. It was directed and written by Hideaki Anno. Evangelion follows Shinji Ikari, a fourteen-year-old boy, who is summoned to Tokyo-3 by his father Gendo Ikari to pilot Evangelion Unit-01 on the eve of an Angel attack. Treated as a tool by his father, Shinji joins Rei Ayanami and Asuka Langley Soryu as mankind's last hope against the mysterious beings known as the "Angels". As the series progresses, the true natures of NERV, the Evangelions, and the Angels are revealed.

Neon Genesis Evangelion: Death & Rebirth

Main article: Neon Genesis Evangelion: Death & Rebirth

Death and Rebirth, originally released on March 15, 1997, is a film that consists of a highly condensed character-based recap and re-edit of the episodes 1–24, titled Death, and the first half of an unfinished new ending, titled Rebirth, a retelling of episodes 25 and 26 of the television series as the events of the Human Instrumentality Project unfold from an external point of view.

The End of Evangelion

Main article: The End of Evangelion

The End of Evangelion, released on July 19, 1997, is the completed version of Rebirth, an alternate version of the final episodes of the television series. SEELE attacks NERV, using their Mass Production Evangelion units, all in an attempt to complete the Human Instrumentality Project and initiate the Third Impact.

Petit Eva: Evangelion@School

Main article: Petit Eva: Evangelion@School

Petit Eva: Evangelion@School is a chibi parody ONA series that ran for 24 broadcasts from March 20, 2007 to March 11, 2009 it was adapted from Petit Eva and Petit Eva Bokura Tanken Dōkōkai spin off manga.

Rebuild of Evangelion

Main article: Rebuild of Evangelion

On September 9, 2006, Gainax confirmed a new animated film series called Rebuild of Evangelion, consisting of four movies presenting an alternate retelling of episodes 1-19 of the TV series (including new scenes, settings, and characters) and a completely new conclusion to the story.[5] The first film Evangelion: 1.0 You Are (Not) Alone was released in Japan on September 1, 2007, with Evangelion: 2.0 You Can (Not) Advance and Evangelion: 3.0 You Can (Not) Redo released on June 27, 2009 and November 17, 2012 respectively. The final film, Evangelion: 3.0+1.0 Thrice Upon a Time, was released on March 8, 2021.[6]

Proposed live-action film

Development of a live-action movie version of Neon Genesis Evangelion by Gainax, Weta Workshop Ltd., and ADV Films (then the worldwide distributor of the Evangelion series outside of Asia and Australia) was announced at the Cannes Film Festival on May 21, 2003.[7] Early coverage included ADV Films raising "about half of the $100 million to $120 million needed to produce the film"[8] and some concept art produced by Weta Workshop.[9][10][11]

As time passed without any official announcements of production, the film project showed increasing signs of being in development hell. At Anime Expo 2008, ADV founders Matt Greenfield and John Ledford revealed that they had hired the producer John Woo, pitched the idea to other producers such as Jerry Bruckheimer and Steven Spielberg,[12] and seen increased interest in the wake of the success of the 2007 film Transformers.[13] At Ohayocon 2009, Matt Greenfield announced that several U.S. studios were competing for final rights to the project, predicting an official announcement naming the studio, director, and perhaps casting information within the next nine months (he later noted that the closer he got to sealing a deal, the less he could say anything about it).[14] Though the sudden collapse and asset sale of A.D. Vision in September 2009 raised concerns over the project's viability, Greenfield, Ledford,[15][16] and producer Joseph Chou[17] insisted the project was still actively searching for a director (claiming delays owed more to the general deterioration of the American anime market than to ADV's internal issues).

In August 2011, A.D. Vision sued Gainax, claiming their refusal to accept an option payment for the perpetual live-action rights to Evangelion was a breach of contract and resulted in losing an opportunity to produce the film with a major studio.[18] A.D. Vision has asked to be awarded the full live-action rights and any accruing legal fees.

Manga and light novel

Main article: Neon Genesis Evangelion (manga)
See also: List of Neon Genesis Evangelion chapters

A number of manga series based on the anime have been released, most notably the official series by series character designer Yoshiyuki Sadamoto, which was first serialized in February 1995 (eight months before the series' official premiere, in order to promote interest), and ended in November 2014, 19 years later. Seven other manga have been created: the shoujo romance story Neon Genesis Evangelion: Angelic Days by Fumino Hayashi, shonen comedy Shinji Ikari Raising Project by Takahashi Osamu, self-parody It's A Miraculous Win by Koume Yoshida, mystery series Neon Genesis Evangelion: Campus Apocalypse by Min Min, chibi comedic parody Petit Eva: Evangelion@School, detective story Neon Genesis Evangelion: The Shinji Ikari Detective Diary and gamer-themed parody Neon Genesis Evangelion: Legend of the Piko-Piko Middle School Students.

A light novel series Neon Genesis Evangelion: ANIMA was serialized from 2008 to 2013 in Dengeki Hobby Magazine, authored by the series mechanical designer Ikuto Yamashita. The series set in an alternate future diverging from the events of the anime. The novel begins 3 years after the end of the Human Instrumentality Project, replacing episodes 25 and 26 of the anime, as well as the End of Evangelion film. The team of former Eva pilots are coming to terms with the aftermath of the battle at NERV HQ, while adapting to normal life. Three clones of Ayanami Rei have been put into Eva units and sent into space as a precautionary way to seek out and eradicate the remaining mass-produced Evangelion units, as well as monitor Earth's safety. In 2021, the final film of the Rebuild of Evangelion tetralogy, Evangelion: 3.0+1.0 Thrice Upon a Time. the sequel received a re-release called 3.0+1.01, that included a prequel manga to the events of Evangelion: 3.0 You Can (Not) Redo called Evangelion 3.0 (-120 min.), written by co-director Kazuya Tsurumaki at Hideaki Anno's initiative.[19][20]

In 2010, two tribute manga were released: the collection Neon Genesis Evangelion: Comic Tribute, and another by Tony Takezaki, simply entitled Tony Takezaki's Evangelion.

Soundtracks and music

Main article: Music of Neon Genesis Evangelion

Evangelion has had numerous soundtrack releases since its debut on television, with most of the music composed by Shirō Sagisu. The television series' opening theme song "A Cruel Angel's Thesis" has become an iconic anime theme song. A series of four albums titled "Evangelion Classic" was released, each album containing the classical music of Beethoven, Verdi, Handel, and J.S. Bach respectively.

Other media

The Evangelion franchise has spread from the original anime into a number of different media, with some following the official canon (of the 26-episode anime series and its three related films or the new Rebuild series) and others differing on important plot points originally introduced in the anime.

Books

  • Newtype 100% Collection: A 1997 collection of Newtype's coverage of Evangelion, particularly of artwork[21]
  • Death & Rebirth and End of Evangelion theatrical pamphlets : Limited edition supplementary booklets were distributed in Japanese theaters during the initial run of both Evangelion: Death and Rebirth and The End of Evangelion. The latter pamphlet, nicknamed the "Red Cross Book" by overseas fans, contains descriptions and definitions of many areas and terms in the Evangelion storyline that the series left unclear.
  • Der Mond and Die Sterne: Two German-titled art books of the work of Yoshiyuki Sadamoto, including concept art, character designs and renditions, and commentary about the Evangelion series. Both books also feature selections of Sadamoto's work on earlier and later works (such as Nadia, or Fatal Fury 2).[22]
  • 2015//The Last Year of Ryohji Kaji: A limited edition, Japan-only publication by Newtype in 1997. The book is a combination photo/text book profiling the character of Ryōji Kaji through 16 mission "documents" left by him. The included letters, notes, and poems were written by Hiroshi Yamaguchi (a writer on the original TV series) and the photographs (including digitally-altered pictures of Evangelions, Angels, and other series-related objects) were taken by Ichiro Kamei.
  • Groundwork of Evangelion: is set of artbooks that contains production sketches. The first three cover the anime, with Volume 1 covering episode 1–8, Volume 2 covering 9-19, and Volume 3 covering 20–26. Groundwork of Evangelion The Movie 1 covers the first movie. Groundwork of Evangelion: 1.0 You Are (Not) Alone covers the first Rebuild film. Two volumes cover Groundwork Of Evangelion You Can (Not) Advance 2.0, the second Rebuild film.
  • Neon Genesis Evangelion RPG The NERV White Paper: A 158-page card-based RPG book released on April 20, 1996.
  • Neon Genesis Evangelion Proposal: An early pre-production booklet that describes the premise of the series and introduces the main characters. Many changes were made from the proposal to the finished show, such as different characterization and even unused Angels.

Video games

Further information: List of Neon Genesis Evangelion video games

Neon Genesis Evangelion has spawned a number of video games. These range from action games such as the same titled game for the Nintendo 64 and its sequel on the PlayStation 2, the fighting game Battle Orchestra, the visual novels Girlfriend of Steel and Girlfriend of Steel 2nd, and the rhythm game 3nd Impact (read "Sound Impact"). Characters from Evangelion also make numerous appearances in other titles such as in the Super Robot Wars series by Banpresto. The mobile game "Monster Strike", by the Japanese company Mixi, did a collaboration featuring dungeons and collectible units from the series.[citation needed]

Audio dramas

A parody radio drama, Neon Genesis Evangelion – After the End, was released in 1996 as part of the NEON GENESIS EVANGELION ADDITION album. The story features the anime's original cast reuniting to star in a new Evangelion series, while attempting to change various themes of the series to make it more popular/accessible than it already is.[23][24][25][26] A separate Evangelion audio cassette drama was released in 1996.[27]

Pachinko

A number of Evangelion-themed pachinko and pachisuro machines are offered at pachinko parlors:

As of March 2018, Evangelion pachinko manufacturer Fields Corporation revealed that the Evangelion franchise has sold a total of 2.317 million pachinko and pachislot machines, including 1.752 million pachinko machines and 540,000 pachislot machines.[31]

Evangelion pachinko and pachislot machine sales
Fiscal period Unit sales Net sales revenue (est.) Ref
Pachinko Pachislot Pachinko Pachislot
October 2004 to March 2013 1,331,000 479,000 ¥332.75 billion ¥167.65 billion [32]
October 2004 to March 2015 2,000,000 ¥700 billion ($8.155 billion) [33][34]
October 2004 to March 2019 2,363,000 ¥790.75 billion ($8.987 billion) [35]

Amusement park

On July 22, 2010, Fuji-Q Highland opened a 1,460m2 section devoted to Evangelion, featuring a lifesize entry plug and statue of Mari Makinami,[36] an approximately 3-meter titanium Lance of Longinus,[37] NERV hallways with character cutouts[38] that lead to a hangar room with the 1:1 bust of Eva Unit-01, SEELE monoliths, appropriate cosplay,[39][40] Eva-themed hotel rooms,[41] and food products.[42] A bust of Eva Unit-02 modeled after a scene in Evangelion: 2.0 was installed in 2011.[43][44][45][46][47][48] In late 2018, Universal Studios announced there will be a Godzilla and Evangelion crossover attraction at Universal Studios Japan.[49]

Japan Animator Expo

Evangelion: Another Impact is the anime short number 12 from the Japan Animator Expo, a collaboration between the Khara studio and the media company Dwango. The anime short could be seen on the official website of the project, but the website closed on December 31, 2018. Since, a company who sell animal related product have bought the domain name, and the Japan Animator Expo website no longer exist. The credits song is called "Marking Time, Waiting for Death", by Shiro Sagisu.

Transformers

A Transformers x Evangelion comic and toy line featured a Transformers and Evangelion crossover.[50][51]

Godzilla

Universal Studios announced there will be a Godzilla and Evangelion crossover with an attraction.[49]

Shinkansen Henkei Robo Shinkalion

In episode 31 of Shinkansen Henkei Robo Shinkalion anime, Shinji is the pilot of the 500 TYPE EVA, a redo of the Shinkalion 500 Kodama stylized to resembled the real TYPE EVA Livery of the 500 Series Shinkansen and the EVA Unit 01. He only appeared in the crossover episode.

Fanworks

Evangelion is also popular among doujinshi,[52][53][54] inspiring notable titles such as Evangelion RE-TAKE (an unofficial sequel to the End of Evangelion) by Studio Kimigabuchi and even works by famous manga artists, such as Birth of Evangelion by Yun Kōga.

References

  1. ^ Bricken, Rob (December 12, 2014). "The Original Evangelion TV Series Is Finally Coming To Blu-Ray (io9)". Gizmodo Media Group. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
  2. ^ "新世紀エヴァンゲリオン". Khara, Inc. Archived from the original on March 27, 2018. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
  3. ^ "「ヱヴァ」総監督 劇場で"緊急声明"". Sponichi Annex. February 12, 2007. Archived from the original on March 9, 2007. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
  4. ^ Frank, Allegra (2019-06-21). "8 things to know about Neon Genesis Evangelion, the legendary anime now streaming on Netflix". Vox. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
  5. ^ "Rebuild of Evangelion". Gainax. 2006-09-10. Retrieved 2006-09-12.
  6. ^ "Final Evangelion Film Rescheduled to March 8 After 2 COVID-19 Delays". Anime News Network. Retrieved 2021-02-26.
  7. ^ "Live Action Eva Press Release". Anime News Network. 21 May 2003. Retrieved 13 March 2012.
  8. ^ Roth, Daniel (12 December 2005). "It's... Profitmón!". CNNMoney.com. Fortune. Retrieved 22 February 2012.
  9. ^ "CGSociety - Neon Genesis Evangelion concept art from Weta". Features.cgsociety.org. 2004-01-16. Archived from the original on 2005-11-29. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  10. ^ Greg Broadmore (May 31, 2006). "New Weta Workshop Concept Art". neon-genesis-evangelion.moviechronicles.com. Archived from the original on August 2, 2009. Retrieved 2015-11-14.
  11. ^ "Ain't It Cool News: The best in movie, TV, DVD, and comic book news". Aintitcool.com. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  12. ^ Movies - The Vile One's Dungeon 8.07.08: San Diego Comic Con 2008 - Jane And The Dragon Interview with Richard Taylor and Martin Baynton. 411mania.com (2011-05-02). Retrieved on 2011-12-18.
  13. ^ ADV Films - Anime Expo 2008. Anime News Network (2011-12-14). Retrieved on 2011-12-18.
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  15. ^ "Sunday Supanova Wrap Up". EvaGeeks.org. 2011-06-19. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  16. ^ "Tiffany Grant & Matt Greenfield Sunday Supanova 2011.MP3". Mediafire.com. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
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  20. ^ "15年ぶりの漫画で、見たことのない「エヴァ」を描く／「シン・エヴァンゲリオン劇場版」特典冊子を描く監督・前田真宏インタビュー". WebNewtype (in Japanese). July 9, 2021. Retrieved August 17, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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  22. ^ "Press". EX. Archived from the original on 2000-10-03. Retrieved 2012-06-17.
  23. ^ "After the End - Eva Monkey, an Evangelion Fan Website". Evamonkey.com. Retrieved 2012-06-17.
  24. ^ ""After the End" Audio Drama Translation by Matthew Grimes". Evamonkey.com. Retrieved 2012-06-17.
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  27. ^ Neon Genesis Evangelion Audio drama cassette (Weird Shinji side) 2/2 - YouTube
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  31. ^ Fact Book: Supplementary Financial Document for the Year Ended March 31, 2018 (PDF). Fields Corporation. May 11, 2018. p. 27.
  32. ^ "Annual Report 2013: April 1, 2012 – March 31, 2013" (PDF). Fields Corporation. October 29, 2013. pp. 12, 19. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  33. ^ "Annual Report 2015: April 1, 2014–March 31, 2015" (PDF). Fields Corporation. October 29, 2015. p. 5. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  34. ^ "The Future of Fields". Online Annual Report 2015. Fields Corporation. Archived from the original on February 12, 2019. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
  35. ^ Fact Book: Supplementary Financial Document for the Year Ended March 31, 2019 (PDF). Fields Corporation. May 16, 2019. pp. 15, 29. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
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  52. ^ "Sunday featured mostly male-oriented (read, ecchi) works in anime and girl-get games. Favorites such as EVANGELION, SLAYERS, and TOKIMEKI MEMORIAL were out in full force". Ex.org. Archived from the original on 2012-08-01. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  53. ^ "Probably the two biggest titles were SHINSEIKI EVANGELION and Konami's TOKIMEKI MEMORIAL ~forever with you~. About 30-40% of the titles were ecchi". Ex.org. Archived from the original on 2012-07-31. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  54. ^ "It has been credited with defining gender roles, influencing attitudes toward the environment, and spawning the madly obsessive—and immensely profitable—otaku subculture embraced by tens of thousands of geeky fans who spend their lives unraveling the larger message of the show and collecting pornographic comic books featuring the show's female characters." "Let's Die Together", David Samuels, Atlantic Monthly; May 2007, Vol. 299 Issue 4, p92-98, 7p

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Neon Genesis Evangelion.
Wikiquote has quotations related to Neon Genesis Evangelion (franchise).

Neon Genesis Evangelion at IMDb

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