Princess Carolina of Parma

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Carolina of Parma
Princess Maximilian of Saxony
Born(1770-11-22)22 November 1770
Parma
Died1 March 1804(1804-03-01) (aged 33)
Dresden
Burial
Katholische Hofkirche
SpousePrince Maximilian of Saxony
IssuePrincess Amalie
Maria Ferdinanda, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Frederick Augustus II
Maria Anna, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
John I
Maria Josepha Amalia, Queen of Spain
Names
Carolina Maria Teresa Giuseppa di Borbone
HouseHouse of Bourbon-Parma
House of Wettin
FatherFerdinand, Duke of Parma
MotherArchduchess Maria Amalia of Austria
ReligionRoman Catholicism

Carolina of Parma (22 November 1770 – 1 March 1804) was a Princess of Parma by birth, and Princess of Saxony by marriage to Prince Maximilian of Saxony. Carolina was the eldest child of Ferdinand, Duke of Parma and his wife Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria.

Family

Her full baptismal name was Carolina Maria Teresa Giuseppa. She was named after her godparents, her paternal great-uncle Charles III of Spain and her maternal grandmother Empress Maria Theresa.

Carolina was the eldest of nine children born to Ferdinand, Duke of Parma by his wife Maria Amalia of Austria. She was an older sister of Louis, Duke of Parma and King of Etruria. Through Louis, she was also an aunt of Charles II, Duke of Parma.

Her father Ferdinand was a son of Philip, Duke of Parma and Princess Louise Élisabeth of France. Philip in turn was a son of Philip V of Spain. Louise-Élisabeth was a daughter of Louis XV of France.

Her mother Maria Amalia was a daughter of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria. Through her mother, Carolina was the niece among others of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor, and Queen Marie Antoinette of France.

Princess Carolina died of fever on March 1, 1804 in Dresden. More than two decades after, her husband married her niece Princess Maria Luisa Carlota of Parma.

Marriage and issue

On 22 April 1792 in Parma (by proxy) and on 9 May 1792 (in person), Carolina married Maximilian of Saxony, fifth and youngest son of Elector Frederick Christian of Saxony.

They had seven children:

  1. Maria Amalia Friederike Augusta Karolina Ludovica Josepha Aloysia Anna Nepomucena Philippina Vincentia Franziska de Paula Franziska de Chantal (b. Dresden, 10 August 1794 - d. Pillnitz, 18 September 1870), known as Amalia. [1]
  2. Maria Ferdinanda Amalia Xaveria Theresia Josepha Anna Nepomucena Aloysia Johanna Vincentia Ignatia Dominica Franziska de Paula Franziska de Chantal (b. Dresden, 27 April 1796 - d. Schloss Brandeis, Bohemia, 3 January 1865), known as Maria; married on 6 May 1821 to Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany (father-in-law of her younger sister).
  3. Frederick Augustus II Albert Maria Clemens Joseph Vincenz Aloys Nepomuk Johann Baptista Nikolaus Raphael Peter Xavier Franz de Paula Venantius Felix (b. Dresden, 18 May 1797 - d. Brennbüchel, 9 August 1854), King of Saxony (1836).
  4. Klemens Maria Joseph Nepomuk Aloys Vincenz Xavier Franz de Paula Franz de Valois Joachim Benno Philipp Jakob (b. Dresden, 1 May 1798 - d. Pisa, 4 January 1822), known as Klemens.[2]
  5. Maria Anna Carolina Josepha Vincentia Xaveria Nepomucena Franziska de Paula Franziska de Chantal Johanna Antonia Elisabeth Cunigunde Gertrud Leopoldina (b. Dresden, 15 November 1799 - d. Pisa, 24 March 1832), known as Maria Anna; married on 16 November 1817 to Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany.
  6. Johann I Nepomuk Maria Joseph Anton Xaver Vincenz Aloys Franz de Paula Stanislaus Bernhard Paul Felix Damasus (b. Dresden, 12 December 1801 - d. Pillnitz, 29 October 1873), King of Saxony (1854).
  7. Maria Josepha Amalia Beatrix Xaveria Vincentia Aloysia Franziska de Paula Franziska de Chantal Anna Apollonia Johanna Nepomucena Walburga Theresia Ambrosia (b. Dresden, 6 December 1803 - d. Aranjuez, 17 May 1829), known as Maria Josepha Amalia; married on 20 October 1819 to King Ferdinand VII of Spain.

Ancestry

Family of Princess Carolina of Parma
16. Louis, Dauphin of France
8. Philip V of Spain
17. Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria
4. Philip, Duke of Parma
18. Odoardo Farnese, Hereditary Prince of Parma
9. Elisabeth Farnese
19. Dorothea Sophie of the Palatinate
2. Ferdinand, Duke of Parma
20. Louis, Duke of Burgundy
10. Louis XV of France
21. Marie Adélaïde of Savoy
5. Louise Élisabeth of France
22. Stanisław Leszczyński
11. Marie Leszczyńska
23. Katarzyna Opalińska
1. Carolina of Parma
24. Charles V, Duke of Lorraine
12. Leopold, Duke of Lorraine
25. Eleonora of Austria
6. Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
26. Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
13. Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans
27. Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate
3. Maria Amalia of Austria
28. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor
14. Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor
29. Eleonor Magdalene of the Palatinate
7. Maria Theresa of Austria
30. Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
15. Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
31. Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles and styles

  • 22 November 1770 – 22 April 1792 Her Royal Highness Princess Carolina of Parma
  • 22 April 1792 – 1 March 1804 Her Royal Highness the Princess Maximilian of Saxony

See also

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