Soviet troop withdrawal from Afghanistan
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| Soviet troop withdrawal from Afghanistan | |||||||
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| Part of the Soviet war in Afghanistan | |||||||
 A column of Soviet BTR-80s during the withdrawal. |
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 Soviet Union |
 Afghan Mujahideen |
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| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Boris Gromov |
Various | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 523 killed[1] | 1200 killed | ||||||
The Withdrawal of Soviet combatant forces from the Afghanistan began on May 15, 1988 and successfully executed on February 15, 1989 under the leadership of Colonel-General Boris Gromov who also was the last Soviet general officer to walk from the Asfghanistan back into Soviet territory through the Afghan-Uzbek Bridge. Under the Geneva Accords on April 15, 1988, the Afghanistan and Pakistan signed three instruments-on principles of mutual relations, in particular noninterference and non-intervention, on the voluntary return of Afghan refugees, and on interrelationships for the settlement, which provided for phased withdrawal of foreign troops to begin on 15 May. The United States and the USSR also signed a declaration on international guarantees, stating they would both refrain from any form of interference and intervention.
In the first three-month period, it was reported that some 50,183 foreign troops had withdrawn. Another 50,100 left between 15 August 1988 and 15 February 1989.
The whole time, during the withdrawal over the border, troop convoys were coming under attack by Afghan fighters. In all 523 Soviet soldiers were killed during the withdrawal.[2]
The total withdrawal of all Soviet troops from Afghanistan was completed on 15 February 1989, in compliance with the terms of the Geneva Accords signed 10 months earlier.
In a symbolic move, Lt. Gen. Boris Gromov was the last to walk from Afghanistan back into Soviet territory.
[edit] References
- ^ "How Not to End a War". The Washington Post. 17 July 2007. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/graphic/2007/07/17/GR2007071700070.html. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
- ^ "How Not to End a War". The Washington Post. 17 July 2007. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/graphic/2007/07/17/GR2007071700070.html. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
[edit] External links
- Grau, Lester. "Breaking contact without leaving chaos: the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan". Foreign Military Studies Office Publications. http://leav-www.army.mil/fmso/documents/Withdrawal.pdf. Retrieved 2007-08-17.
- Marshall, A.(2006); Phased Withdrawal, Conflict Resolution and State Reconstruction; Conflict Research Studies Centre; ISBN 1 905058-74-8
