Spondyloarthropathy
Spondyloarthropathy is any joint disease of the vertebral column.[1] Spondyloarthropathy with inflammation is called spondylarthritis. In contrast, spondylopathy is a disease of the vertebra itself, but many conditions involve both spondylopathy and spondyloarthropathy. In the broadest sense, the term spondyloarthropathy includes joint involvement of vertebral column from any type of joint disease, including rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, but the term is often used for a specific group of disorders with certain common features, the group often being termed specifically seronegative spondylarthropathies:
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[edit] Seronegative spondyloarthropathy
Seronegative spondyloarthropathy (or seronegative spondyloarthritis) is a group of diseases involving the axial skeleton[2] and having a negative serostatus.
"Seronegative" refers to the fact that these diseases are negative for rheumatoid factor,[3] indicating a different pathophysiological mechanism of disease than what is commonly seen in rheumatoid arthritis.
[edit] Conditions
The following conditions in the table are typically included within the group of seronegative spondylarthropathies:
| Condition | Percent of people with the condition who are HLA-B27 positive |
|---|---|
| Ankylosing Spondylitis[4][5] |
|
| Reactive arthritis[4][5] (Reiter's syndrome) | 60-80% |
| enteropathic spondylitis or spondylitis associated with inflammatory bowel disease[4][5] (including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) |
60% |
| Psoriatic arthritis[4][5] | 60% |
| Isolated acute anterior uveitis | 50% |
| Undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy[4][5] (USpA) | 20-25% |
Some sources also include Behcet's disease[citation needed] and Whipple's disease.[7]
[edit] Common characteristics
These diseases have the following conditions in common:
- They are in relation to HLA-B27[8]
- Inflammatory arthritis, generally sacroiliitis and spondylitis[5]
- Oligoarthritis, generally with asymmetrical presentation[5]
- Enthesitis[5] (inflammation of the entheses, the sites where tendons or ligaments insert into the bone.[9][10])
- familial aggregation occurs[5]
- rheumatoid factor is not present[5]
- Extra-articular features, such as involvement of eyes, skin and genitourinary tract[5]
- Overlap is likely between several of the causative conditions
[edit] References
- ^ thefreedictionary.com/spondyloarthropathy citing:
- Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. © 2009
- Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition. © 2003
- Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary, 3 ed. © 2007
- ^ Howe HS, Zhao L, Song YW, et al. (February 2007). "Seronegative spondyloarthropathy--studies from the Asia Pacific region". Ann. Acad. Med. Singap. 36 (2): 135–41. PMID 17364081. http://www.annals.edu.sg/pdf/36VolNo2Feb2007/V36N2p135.pdf.
- ^ "Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies: Joint Disorders: Merck Manual Professional". http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec04/ch034/ch034d.html. Retrieved 2008-12-15.
- ^ a b c d e Luong AA, Salonen DC (August 2000). "Imaging of the seronegative spondyloarthropathies". Curr Rheumatol Rep 2 (4): 288–96. doi:10.1007/s11926-000-0065-z. PMID 11123073.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Elizabeth D Agabegi; Agabegi, Steven S. (2008). Step-Up to Medicine (Step-Up Series). Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-7153-6.
- ^ Ankylosing Spondylitis and Undifferentiated Spondyloarthropathy Workup Author: Lawrence H Brent. Chief Editor: Herbert S Diamond. Updated: Apr 19, 2011
- ^ Várvölgyi C, Bubán T, Szakáll S, et al. (April 2002). "Fever of unknown origin with seronegative spondyloarthropathy: an atypical manifestation of Whipple's disease". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 61 (4): 377–8. doi:10.1136/ard.61.4.377. PMC 1754069. PMID 11874851. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1754069.
- ^ Shankarkumar U, Devraj JP, Ghosh K, Mohanty D (2002). "Seronegative spondarthritis and human leucocyte antigen association". Br. J. Biomed. Sci. 59 (1): 38–41. PMID 12000185.
- ^ Maria Antonietta D'Agostino, MD, Ignazio Olivieri, MD. (June 2006). Enthesitis. Clinical Rheumatology. pp. 473–486. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2006.03.007.
- ^ The Free Dictionary (2009). "Enthesitis". http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/enthesitis. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
[edit] External links
- http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/simplepage.cfm?ID=-254803955
- Information from the American College of Rheumatology
- Spondyloarthropathies: Update on Diagnosis and Treatment from ConsultantLive.
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