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'''''The God Makers''''' is an [[anti-Mormon]] film produced in [[1982]] by [[Ed Decker]] and [[Jeremiah Films]]. The film claims to be an exposé of secrets of the [[Mormon]] Church. The church is portrayed as a multi-billion dollar corporation that destroys marriages and drives members who cannot live up to its standards to commit suicide. The doctrine of the Mormon church, as portrayed by the filmmakers, involves an obsession with godhood and the population of other worlds through a process referred to as “endless celestial sex.”
'''''The God Makers''''' is an [[anti-Mormon]] film produced in [[1982]] by [[Ed Decker]] and [[Jeremiah Films]]. The film claims to be an exposé of secrets of the [[Mormon]] Church. The church is portrayed as a multi-billion dollar corporation that destroys marriages and drives members who cannot live up to its standards to commit suicide. The doctrine of the Mormon church, as portrayed by the filmmakers, involves an obsession with godhood and the population of other worlds through a process referred to as “endless celestial sex.”

== Criticism of Opening Statement ==
The following critique does not come from the originator of this article. Usage of the term "anti-Mormon" is in dispute, here. The producers of the film, i.e. Ed Decker, and Jeremiah Films didn't intend "Godmakers" to be seen as "anti-Mormon". They mearly wanted to explain some of the distinctive beliefs of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormons) to be at odds with what they felt the Bible teaches. For example, the Bible says there is only one God and he is unchangeable and eternal. Classical Mormon theology would not be in agreement with this. However, neo-Mormon theology, such as held by some Mormon college and university professors would be closer to the biblical paradigm. (see the scholarly trailblazing book "New Mormon Challenge"). Some members of the Mormon community may hold the film to be a hurtful attack on their faith, hence the use of the term "anti-Mormon" in opening statement of this article.[http://www.fairlds.org/The_God_Makers/tagm00.html] Others, who are non-LDS (Mormon), may view the words "anti-Mormon" as inflammatory, diversionary, or biased, to deflect attention away from what some see as Mormon teachings that are against the tenets of the Bible, by demonizing "The Godmakers" film, and thereby, avoiding the real issues involved.[http://www.saintsalive.com/mormonism/nccj.htm]

Another area of discussion is the issue of Godhood. LDS President Lorenzo Snow stated in 1840, "As man is, God once was; as God is, man may become."[http://www.mrm.org/lorenzo-snow-couplet] The Judeo-Christian concept of God is very different than the above statement held by some Mormons. God is eternal. Satan in the Garden of Eden promised that man could become like God. This is one of the contentions of the producers of the "God Makers."


A sequel was produced in 1993 entitled ''[[The God Makers II]]''. Some footage from ''The God Makers'' was also used in the 2007 video ''[[Search for the Truth (video)|Jesus Christ/Joseph Smith (Search for the Truth)]]''.
A sequel was produced in 1993 entitled ''[[The God Makers II]]''. Some footage from ''The God Makers'' was also used in the 2007 video ''[[Search for the Truth (video)|Jesus Christ/Joseph Smith (Search for the Truth)]]''.

== Criticism of Censorship of Additions to this Article ==
Editor "76.120.66.57": 0538, 30 October 2009 76.120.66.57 (talk) (19,696 bytes) (rv to remove bizzare commentary that has no place here) Editor "76.120.66.57" had made some unfortunate changes to the article "Godmakers," by removing text. The information "76.120.66.57" removed is very important to understanding both sides of the article. "76.120.66.57" says "bizzare commentary" is inappropriate, but doesn't explain why or how this is so, or what the "bizzare commentary" constitutes. In fact, the additions are necessary to show that there are opinions coming from those who support the position of the Godmakers film. The same editor doesn't explain how additions to text are "bizzare" nor does he or she explain how the additional information has "no place" in the article. The addional information is important in order to understand diverse view concerning the film. Other views should be respected, for the purpose of having honest discussion and debate. Simply removing offending material may be seen as a form of censorship for the purpose of squelching other opinions.


==Overview of the film==
==Overview of the film==
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===Book of Mormon and Book of Abraham===
===Book of Mormon and Book of Abraham===
Dr. Charles Crane is introduced as “Author, College Professor, expert on Mormon archaeology.”<ref>Crane has a Master of Divinity degree (Lincoln Christian Seminary) and a Doctor of Ministry (Luther Rice Seminary). He is also the author of the books ''Mormon Missionaries in Flight'', ''Archaeology as Proof of the Book of Mormon'', and ''Why I Do Not Believe the Book of Mormon.''</ref> Dr. Richard Phales is introduced as “author, lecturer, archaeologist.” Crane states that he has looked over maps and checked archaeological information, and that he cannot locate the land of [[Zarahemla]]. Phales adds that “we have never excavated one single artifact” related to the Book of Mormon. The narrator further states that “archaeology has been able to prove the existence of all great civilizations.” Coins are used as an example, and Crane mentions what he states are coins listed in the Book of Mormon. Crane concludes that the Book of Mormon is a “fairy tale much like [[Alice in Wonderland]].” Decker adds that the church is converting people by claiming that archaeology has proven the Book of Mormon to be true.
Dr. Charles Crane is introduced as “Author, College Professor, expert on Mormon archaeology.”<ref>Crane has a Master of Divinity degree (Lincoln Christian Seminary) and a Doctor of Ministry (Luther Rice Seminary). He is also the author of the books ''Mormon Missionaries in Flight'', ''Archaeology as Proof of the Book of Mormon'', and ''Why I Do Not Believe the Book of Mormon.''</ref> Dr. Richard Phales is introduced as “author, lecturer, archaeologist.” Crane states that he has looked over maps and checked archaeological information, and that he cannot locate the land of [[Zarahemla]]. Phales adds that “we have never excavated one single artifact” related to the Book of Mormon. The narrator further states that “archaeology has been able to prove the existence of all great civilizations.” Coins are used as an example, and Crane mentions what he states are coins listed in the Book of Mormon. Crane concludes that the Book of Mormon is a “fairy tale much like [[Alice in Wonderland]].” Decker adds that the church is converting people by claiming that archaeology has proven the Book of Mormon to be true.

Interestingly, the Smithsonian Institution also seems to assert the same thing.[http://www.mrm.org/smithsonian] It predicates that the Book of Mormon is not supported by Smithsonian Institution's archaeological research, and states, "The Smithsonian Institution has never used the Book of Mormon in any way as a scientific guide. Smithsonian archaeologists see no direct connection between the archaeology of the New World and the subject matter of the book [of Mormon]."


Crane also mentions the [[Book of Abraham]], stating that it was translated from fragments of papyrus that Joseph Smith purchased from an [[Egyptologist]], and that the manuscript resurfaced in 1967 and was found by “several famous Egyptologists” to have nothing to do with Abraham. Crane adds that Smith took “one little letter” that “looks like a backward ‘e’” and produced from it 76 words.
Crane also mentions the [[Book of Abraham]], stating that it was translated from fragments of papyrus that Joseph Smith purchased from an [[Egyptologist]], and that the manuscript resurfaced in 1967 and was found by “several famous Egyptologists” to have nothing to do with Abraham. Crane adds that Smith took “one little letter” that “looks like a backward ‘e’” and produced from it 76 words.
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===Economic power===
===Economic power===
The economic power of the church is discussed. A man introduced as “Doctor John L. Smith, author and expert on the vast wealth of the Mormon church” states that the Mormon church is the second largest financial institution west of the [[Mississippi River|Mississippi]] and that it is difficult to determine what the church actually owns. The narrator adds that the church has “vast land holdings” and that billions of dollars are “extracted from church members” through a “mandatory [[Tithe|tithing]] program.” The church is also said to own “a substantial portion of [[Hawaii]].”
The economic power of the church is discussed. A man introduced as “Doctor John L. Smith, author and expert on the vast wealth of the Mormon church” states that the Mormon church is the second largest financial institution west of the [[Mississippi River|Mississippi]] and that it is difficult to determine what the church actually owns. The narrator adds that the church has “vast land holdings” and that billions of dollars are “extracted from church members” through a “mandatory [[Tithe|tithing]] program.” Which is also inaccurate, and a ruse due to the fact that in the Bible, the commandment to pay tithing can be found in many places including Malachi 3:8-10 and Abraham was known to have paid tithing to the high priest, Melchizedek. The church is also said to own “a substantial portion of [[Hawaii]].”


Tithing cannot be seen as evil, as many other Churches also require strong titheing from their members, including Roman Catholics and Unitarians.


===Conclusion===
===Conclusion===
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LDS respondents claim that the film portrays all Mormons as either part of the conspiracy to cover up information, or as being deluded by their leaders.<ref>{{Harvnb|Swenson|1985|p=21-22}} Swenson states: “You can only conclude Mormons are brainwashed or corrupt. They are hypocrites who preach family togetherness and love but practice demonic rituals and punish any who deviate from a very rigid norm.”</ref>
LDS respondents claim that the film portrays all Mormons as either part of the conspiracy to cover up information, or as being deluded by their leaders.<ref>{{Harvnb|Swenson|1985|p=21-22}} Swenson states: “You can only conclude Mormons are brainwashed or corrupt. They are hypocrites who preach family togetherness and love but practice demonic rituals and punish any who deviate from a very rigid norm.”</ref>

Former [[American Gladiator]] [[Jonathan Byrne]] campaigned against the film, stating it was "the most neforicious [sic] piece of garbage ever made". His specific meaning was unclear, although his other comments imply that he was mostly angered by the film's soundtrack.<ref>http://www.charlotteobserver.com/407/story/742461.html</ref>

== Criticism of Mormon Reaction to ''Godmakers'' Film ==
Some members of the Mormon community have expressed concern, anger, and discomfort at the film. They have said it contains, "lies" and "misrepresentation of our beliefs." However, they have not demonstrated nor proven that the picture contains prevarications. For example, the film states that Mormons believe they can become gods, but the Mormons never denied this claim of the film. No true monotheists, Christian, Jewish, or Muslim, believe that people can become gods.


===Response from the National Conference of Christians and Jews===
===Response from the National Conference of Christians and Jews===
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The NCCJ committee sent a letter to “Concerned Christians” on [[5 December]] [[1983]] which stated, among other things, that,
The NCCJ committee sent a letter to “Concerned Christians” on [[5 December]] [[1983]] which stated, among other things, that,
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
The film does not fairly portray the Mormon Church, Mormon history, or Mormon belief. It makes extensive use of half-truths, faulty generalizations, sensationalism, and is not reflective of the true spirit of Mormon faith. We find particularly offensive the emphasis that Mormonism is some sort of subversive plot--a danger to the community, a threat to the institution of marriage, and destructive to the mental health of teenagers. We are of the opinion that the film relies heavily on appeals to fear, prejudice and unworthy human emotions. <ref>{{Harvnb|Eagle|1985|pp=36-37}}</ref> However, the NCCJ has been criticized for allegedly failing to contact Jeremiah films which produced the God Makers for the purpose of elucidating claimed errors and prevarications in the film.[http://www.saintsalive.com/mormonism/nccj.htm]
The film does not fairly portray the Mormon Church, Mormon history, or Mormon belief. It makes extensive use of half-truths, faulty generalizations, sensationalism, and is not reflective of the true spirit of Mormon faith. We find particularly offensive the emphasis that Mormonism is some sort of subversive plot--a danger to the community, a threat to the institution of marriage, and destructive to the mental health of teenagers. We are of the opinion that the film relies heavily on appeals to fear, prejudice and unworthy human emotions. <ref>{{Harvnb|Eagle|1985|pp=36-37}}</ref>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>

== Response from the Anti-Defamation League ==
The Anti-Defamation League considers the movie to be "Mormon-bashing."[http://www.adl.org/PresRele/ChJew_31/5013_31.htm] In addition, the ADL says the film contains "hate" but fails to explain exactly where the hate is located in the movie.


==Effects of the film==
==Effects of the film==

Revision as of 07:08, 22 November 2009

The God Makers is an anti-Mormon film produced in 1982 by Ed Decker and Jeremiah Films. The film claims to be an exposé of secrets of the Mormon Church. The church is portrayed as a multi-billion dollar corporation that destroys marriages and drives members who cannot live up to its standards to commit suicide. The doctrine of the Mormon church, as portrayed by the filmmakers, involves an obsession with godhood and the population of other worlds through a process referred to as “endless celestial sex.”

A sequel was produced in 1993 entitled The God Makers II. Some footage from The God Makers was also used in the 2007 video Jesus Christ/Joseph Smith (Search for the Truth).

Overview of the film

The God Makers was first shown to a group of 4000 Evangelical Protestants on December 31, 1982, at Grace Community Church in Sun Valley, California.[1]

Introduction and setting

The film depicts a meeting between Ed Decker and Dick Baer with two actors who portray Los Angeles attorneys.[2] The film states that Decker and Baer are there to consult “with a Los Angeles based law firm about filing a class action lawsuit” against the Mormon church. Decker states that the church is a massive, multi-billion dollar corporation which shatters the lives of families and has ties into the occult and Satanism. Much of the dialogue occurs between Decker, Baer and the two actor/lawyers, in addition to interview segments with various other people interspersed throughout the film.

Temples

Dr. Harold Goodman, who is introduced as a “BYU professor, former Mormon bishop, currently an LDS mission president,” provides quotes at various points throughout the film. Goodman states that the church is very family centered, and notes the importance of temple attendance and marriage to Latter-day Saints.

The film’s narrator adds that the temple is used “only secret ceremonies which are reserved for an elite few,” and that temple attendance is required in order that “the worthy Mormon can become a god himself in the life hereafter, ruling over his own planet, with a number of goddess wives.” It is claimed that temple open houses are the only opportunity some members will ever have to enter the temple.

Many gods

Baer states that Mormons believe that there are “billions of these highly evolved humanoids” in space ruling their own planets. A woman is interviewed who said that her goal as a Mormon was to be “eternally pregnant.” One of the actor/lawyers states that he finds it difficult to believe that the Mormon attorneys and judges that he associates with expect to become “infinite gods” and populate planets through “celestial sex” with their “goddess wives.” He further states that he would be embarrassed to ask them about this. Decker responds that the Mormons are so embarrassed by it that they themselves don’t even talk about it. Floyd McElveen,[3] who is introduced as “author of the bestseller, The Mormon Illusion,” states that “their whole doctrine flows from this about becoming gods.”

Animated segment

Decker and Baer run an animated film that is claimed to illustrate the differences between Mormonism and Christianity. The animation depicts God the Father living on a planet called Kolob with his many identical, blonde “goddess wives” who are taking care of “spirit children” produced through “endless celestial sex.” A plan is presented to create and populate the Earth, and all of the spirits in attendance vote on the matter. One third of the spirits follow Lucifer’s plan and are denied physical bodies. Those that are “neutral” are “born with black skin.” Those who were valiant were to be “lighter skinned” and “born into Mormon families on planet earth.” The narrator states that thousands of year later, God the Father journeyed to earth “from the Starbase Kolob,” to “have sex with the virgin Mary, in order to provide Jesus with a physical body.” It is also stated that Jesus Christ, who is now referred to as the “Mormon Jesus,” had a number of children through multiple wives. The narrator states that Joseph Smith Jr. claimed to be a descendant of Jesus Christ.

The animation portrays a brief history of the events described in the Book of Mormon. The book is said to have been recovered by “a young treasure seeker named Joseph Smith, who was known for his tall tales,” in upstate New York. The narrator states that “the Mormons thank God for Joseph Smith,” and that Smith will sit in final judgment over them, along with God the Father and the “Mormon Jesus.” The film depicts Smith sitting in the center position with God the Father and the “Mormon Jesus” to either side during the judgment process. It is stated that Joseph Smith “shed his blood for us, so that we too may become gods.” Upon viewing the animation, one of the actor/lawyers comments that it sounds like something from von Däniken or Battlestar Galactica.

Although the content and tone of the segment is intended to offend or shock Mormons, the rotoscoped animation is considered to be unique for its time.

Parts of the animated segment were featured in Bill Maher's anti-religion documentary Religulous.

Divorce and suicide

The film states that the church pressures couples to divorce if they cannot endure the pressure of living up to the church standards. Decker states that his five children were “pulled away” from him by the Mormon church. Baer states that his wife had to divorce him and find another man who was “working his way to godhood.” It is also stated the Mormon women are under such constant pressure to be perfect that they are chronically depressed. The father and brother of a young suicide victim named Kip Eliason are interviewed. The family relates how Kip could not live up to the pressure of finding that his sexual orientation placed him at odds with the teachings of the church.

The narrator states that Mormons used “Christian terminology” when talking to people, using words such as “God,” “Jesus,” and “salvation” to deceive potential converts.

Changing scriptures

Decker states that the Mormon church “keeps changing its scriptures,” but that Christian scholars are “always refining-always going back to the earliest manuscripts to improve and validate the authenticity of the holy scripture,” then later states that “scripture is not to be tested.”

Sandra Tanner is introduced as “one of the greatest living authorities on Mormonism.” Tanner states that Mormon leaders have deliberately kept members from their true history. Tanner discusses the various accounts written by Joseph Smith of the First Vision, and suggests that this implies that he didn’t actually witness this event despite the fact that eye-witness accounts are generally considered false if the account does not vary after multiple retellings.

Baer states that Joseph Smith claimed that the moon was inhabited, and that Brigham Young stated that the sun was inhabited as well.[4]

Tanner and Decker discuss polygamy at some length. Tanner suggests that the Church has hidden documents that are not available to the public. She states that most members and missionaries are unaware of the deception and that the typical missionary “doesn’t even realize he couldn’t go to Salt Lake and see these documents for himself.”

Book of Mormon and Book of Abraham

Dr. Charles Crane is introduced as “Author, College Professor, expert on Mormon archaeology.”[5] Dr. Richard Phales is introduced as “author, lecturer, archaeologist.” Crane states that he has looked over maps and checked archaeological information, and that he cannot locate the land of Zarahemla. Phales adds that “we have never excavated one single artifact” related to the Book of Mormon. The narrator further states that “archaeology has been able to prove the existence of all great civilizations.” Coins are used as an example, and Crane mentions what he states are coins listed in the Book of Mormon. Crane concludes that the Book of Mormon is a “fairy tale much like Alice in Wonderland.” Decker adds that the church is converting people by claiming that archaeology has proven the Book of Mormon to be true.

Crane also mentions the Book of Abraham, stating that it was translated from fragments of papyrus that Joseph Smith purchased from an Egyptologist, and that the manuscript resurfaced in 1967 and was found by “several famous Egyptologists” to have nothing to do with Abraham. Crane adds that Smith took “one little letter” that “looks like a backward ‘e’” and produced from it 76 words.

Temple rituals

A reenactment of temple rituals is shown,[6] which are said to be performed for the purpose of “evangelizing the dead.” The narrator states that without these rituals, “no one can enter the presence of Joseph Smith and become a god.” In addition, the narrator states that Mormons are encouraged to contact the dead and that it is common for demons to appear to Mormons asking them to perform family history work for them. Several people discuss “holy Mormon underwear,” and several stories are told of people who refused to remove this underwear under any circumstances, including bathing and giving birth.

Occult

Baer states that Joseph Smith was arrested and convicted for pretending to find buried treasure using a seer stone. Decker produces what he refers to as a “Satanic Bible” in which the word “Mormo” is said to represent the “king of ghouls,” and whose followers are called “Mormons.” Baer claims that in Chinese, the word “Mormon” means “gates of hell.” However, this is inaccurate, since the Chinese characters for "Mormon" (摩门) is merely phonetic and does not actually have a meaning. The word for "gates of Hell" is "魔门."

It is also important to note that "Mormons" officially refer to themselves Latter-Day Saints, and the term "Mormons" is a nickname given to the Latter-Day Saint community by non-members based on the name of one of the central spiritual texts of the religion: The Book of Mormon.

Economic power

The economic power of the church is discussed. A man introduced as “Doctor John L. Smith, author and expert on the vast wealth of the Mormon church” states that the Mormon church is the second largest financial institution west of the Mississippi and that it is difficult to determine what the church actually owns. The narrator adds that the church has “vast land holdings” and that billions of dollars are “extracted from church members” through a “mandatory tithing program.” Which is also inaccurate, and a ruse due to the fact that in the Bible, the commandment to pay tithing can be found in many places including Malachi 3:8-10 and Abraham was known to have paid tithing to the high priest, Melchizedek. The church is also said to own “a substantial portion of Hawaii.”


Tithing cannot be seen as evil, as many other Churches also require strong titheing from their members, including Roman Catholics and Unitarians.

Conclusion

The film concludes with the two actors playing lawyers stating that they cannot take the case, because they don't believe that a jury will believe them. They state that the Mormon church has "billions" with which to fight the case and that it would take years. Kip Eliason's father reads a letter that his son left him before he committed suicide, after which a woman is asked by an interviewer what she would miss the most if she left the church. The woman replies that she would "rather be dead" than leave.

Controversy over the film

The film created “considerable religious controversy” in some of the communities in which it was shown, [7] and was described by Truman G. Madsen, LDS professor of religion and philosophy, as “religious pornography.”[8] The negative reaction came from both Mormons and non-Mormons. Rhonda M. Abrams, the Regional Director of the Anti Defamation League of the B’nai B’rith, stated:

I sincerely hope that people of all faiths will similarly repudiate ‘The Godmakers’ as defamatory and untrue, and recognize it for what it truly represents--a challenge to the religious liberty of all.[9]

It was noted by LDS scholars that the film deliberately “portrays Mormonism as a cult far removed from mainstream Christianity,” and that many statements that are represented as Mormon doctrine are not actual doctrine, with a particular emphasis on “those ideas which would seem most anomalous to Christians.” In particular, the repeated references to “endless celestial sex” are viewed as “absurd and profane.”[10]

LDS respondents claim that the film portrays all Mormons as either part of the conspiracy to cover up information, or as being deluded by their leaders.[11]

Response from the National Conference of Christians and Jews

National Conference of Christians and Jews (NCCJ) editor Max Jennings attended a showing in Mesa Arizona that was “sponsored by a group known as Concerned Christians” whose purpose was “to reach out in love to those lost in Mormonism.” Jennings reported that “If what I saw Tuesday night is love, I must have had the wrong Sunday School lessons back in that dusty west Texas Methodist Church of my childhood. I didn’t hear anyone reaching out in love Tuesday night. I heard people reaching out in hatred of another’s right to believe what he wants.”[12]

The NCCJ committee sent a letter to “Concerned Christians” on 5 December 1983 which stated, among other things, that,

The film does not fairly portray the Mormon Church, Mormon history, or Mormon belief. It makes extensive use of half-truths, faulty generalizations, sensationalism, and is not reflective of the true spirit of Mormon faith. We find particularly offensive the emphasis that Mormonism is some sort of subversive plot--a danger to the community, a threat to the institution of marriage, and destructive to the mental health of teenagers. We are of the opinion that the film relies heavily on appeals to fear, prejudice and unworthy human emotions. [13]

Effects of the film

In January 1990, Decker claimed that the film had produced a 3 million person shortfall in projected converts to the church.[14] This claim was based upon a statement made by Elder M. Russell Ballard at Brigham Young University on November 14, 1989. Ballard never mentioned a “shortfall,” but instead stated that the church continued to grow despite films such as The God Makers.[15] Decker later retracted his claim.[16]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Decker & Hunt 1984, p. 16
  2. ^ Swenson 1985, p. 20 Swenson states, "All the people in this film are presented as 'real people,' although several are actually actors re-creating incidents. Quickly, the film includes, in roughly chronological order: an invisible narrator, a middle-aged man whose family is torn from him (I call this man the stevedore; he is portrayed by an actor); a bearded, artistic-looking professorial man who lost his family (an actor); Ed Decker; Dick Baer; two attorneys (I call one the Doubting Thomas-he is wearing a velvet jacket- and the other I call Mr. Silver Gray, a distinguished older man-both actors)"
  3. ^ McElveen also appears in the 2007 video Search for the Truth.
  4. ^ The claims the moon and sun were said to be inhabited are repeated by the narrator of the 2007 video Search for the Truth.
  5. ^ Crane has a Master of Divinity degree (Lincoln Christian Seminary) and a Doctor of Ministry (Luther Rice Seminary). He is also the author of the books Mormon Missionaries in Flight, Archaeology as Proof of the Book of Mormon, and Why I Do Not Believe the Book of Mormon.
  6. ^ Portions of this temple ritual reenactment are included in the 1993 sequel The God Makers II and the 2007 video Search for the Truth.
  7. ^ Mackey 1985, p. 14
  8. ^ Arizona Republic, 12 Nov. 1983
  9. ^ Statement by Rhonda M. Abrams, 25 May 1984, Regional Director of Anti-Defamation League of the B’nai B’rith.
  10. ^ Roberts 1985, p. 28
  11. ^ Swenson 1985, p. 21-22 Swenson states: “You can only conclude Mormons are brainwashed or corrupt. They are hypocrites who preach family togetherness and love but practice demonic rituals and punish any who deviate from a very rigid norm.”
  12. ^ Eagle 1985, p. 34
  13. ^ Eagle 1985, pp. 36–37
  14. ^ Saints Alive in Jesus Newsletter, Jan. 1990
  15. ^ Introvigne 1994, p. 1 note 2
  16. ^ Saints Alive in Jesus Newsletter, Jul. 1990

References