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{{Short description|Genus of lizards}} |
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{{Taxobox |
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{{Automatic taxobox |
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| image = Rhampholeon temporalis.png |
| image = Rhampholeon temporalis.png |
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| image_caption = ''[[Rhampholeon temporalis]]'' |
| image_caption = ''[[Rhampholeon temporalis]]'' |
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| taxon = Rhampholeon |
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| authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1874 |
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| range_map = |
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| subphylum = [[Vertebrate|Vertebrata]] |
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| classis = [[Reptile|Reptilia]] |
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| ordo = [[Squamata]] |
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| subordo = [[Lacertilia]] |
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| infraordo = [[Iguania]] |
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| familia = [[Chamaeleonidae]] |
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| genus = '''''Rhampholeon''''' |
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| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1874 |
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}} |
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'''''Rhampholeon''''' is a [[genus]] of small [[chameleon]]s, commonly known as '''pygmy chameleons''' or '''African leaf chameleons''', found in central [[East Africa]] (extending slightly into adjacent [[DR Congo]]). They are found in [[forest]]s, [[woodland]]s, [[thicket]]s, and [[savanna]], and most [[species]] are restricted to highlands. They are brown, grey, or green, and typically seen at low levels in bushes, or on the ground among [[grass]]es or [[leaf litter]]. |
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'''''Rhampholeon''''' (from {{lang-el|ῥάμφος}} {{transliteration|el|rhamphos}}, 'bird's bill' and {{lang-el|λέον}} {{transliteration|el|leōn}}, 'lion')<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hunter |first1=Robert |last2=Morris |first2=Charles |title=The Modern world dictionary of the English language ... to which is added a compendium of historical, biographical, geographical, scientific, religious, and sociological names, and a complete summary of human achievement in the nineteenth & twentieth centuries .. |date=1906 |publisher=New York : P.F. Collier & Son |page=3999 |url=https://archive.org/details/modernworlddicti03hunt}}</ref> is a [[genus]] of small [[chameleon]]s, commonly known as '''pygmy chameleons''' or '''African leaf chameleons''', found in [[East Africa]] and [[Central Africa]]. They are found in forests, woodlands, thickets, and [[savanna]], and most [[species]] are restricted to highlands. They are brown, grey, or green, and typically seen at low levels in bushes, or on the ground among grasses or leaf litter. |
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==Taxonomy== |
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Until recently, the members of the genus ''[[Rieppeleon]]'' were commonly included in ''Rhampholeon'', instead. |
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==Species== |
==Species== |
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The following |
The following 25 species are recognized as being valid.<ref>"''Rhampholeon'' ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.</ref> |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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*''[[Rhampholeon acuminatus]]'' {{small|[[Jean Mariaux|Mariaux]] & [[Colin R. Tilbury|Tilbury]], 2006}} |
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*''[[Rhampholeon bruessoworum]]'' {{small|[[:fr:William Roy Branch|Branch]], [[Julian Bayliss|Bayliss]] & [[Krystal A. Tolley|Tolley]], 2014}} |
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| ||''[[Rhampholeon acuminatus]]'' {{small|[[Jean Mariaux|Mariaux]] & [[Colin R. Tilbury|Tilbury]], 2006}} || Nguru pygmy chameleon ||Tanzania. |
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| [[File:Rhampholeon-beraduccii-from-type-locality-in-life-Fig-7-Rhampholeon-acuminatus-from.jpg|236x236px]]||''[[Rhampholeon beraduccii]]'' {{small|Mariaux & Tilbury, 2006}} || Beraducci’s pygmy chameleon, Mahenge pygmy chameleon ||Tanzania. |
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*''[[Rhampholeon hattinghi]]'' {{small|Tilbury & Tolley, 2015}} |
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*''[[Rhampholeon marshalli]]'' {{small|[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger]], 1906}} – Marshall's pygmy chameleon |
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| ||''[[Rhampholeon bruessoworum]]'' {{small|[[:fr:William Roy Branch|Branch]], [[Julian Bayliss|Bayliss]] & [[Krystal A. Tolley|Tolley]], 2014}} || Mount Inago pygmy chameleon ||Mozambique |
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*''[[Rhampholeon nebulauctor]]'' {{small|Branch, Bayliss & Tolley, 2014}} |
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| ||''[[Rhampholeon chapmanorum]]'' {{small|Tilbury, 1992}} || Chapmans's pygmy chameleon ||Malawi. |
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*''[[Rhampholeon spectrum]]'' {{small|([[Reinhold Wilhelm Buchholz|Buchholz]], 1874)}} – spectral pygmy chameleon |
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| [[File:Rhampholeon-colemani-from-type-locality-in-life 2.jpg|236x236px]]||''[[Rhampholeon colemani]]'' {{small|Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader, & Tolley, 2022}} || ||Tanzania. |
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| ||''[[Rhampholeon gorongosae]]'' {{small|Broadley 1971}} || Mount Gorongosa pygmy chameleon || Mozambique. |
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| ||''[[Rhampholeon hattinghi]]'' {{small|Tilbury & Tolley, 2015}} || || Democratic Republic of the Congo. |
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|[[File:Rhampholeon marshalli 181046589.jpg|236x236px]]||''[[Rhampholeon marshalli]]'' {{small|[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger]], 1906}} || Marshall's pygmy chameleon, Marshall's leaf chameleon, Marshall's dwarf chameleon, Marshall's stumptail chameleon || Zimbabwe and Mozambique |
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| ||''[[Rhampholeon nchisiensis]]'' {{small|([[Arthur Loveridge|Loveridge]], 1953)}} || South African stumptail chameleon, Nchisi pygmy chameleon ||Malawi and Tanzania |
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| [[File:Rhampholeon-nicolai-from-type-locality.png|236x236px]]||''[[Rhampholeon nicolai]]'' {{small|Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader, & Tolley, 2022}} ||Nicola’s pygmy chameleon ||Tanzania. |
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| ||''[[Rhampholeon platyceps]]'' {{small|[[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1893}} || Mount Mulanje pygmy chameleon, Malawi stumptail chameleon ||Malawi and Mozambique |
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| [[File:Rhampholeon-princeeai-from-Mkingu-Nature-Reserve-in-life.png|236x236px]]||''[[Rhampholeon princeeai]]'' {{small|Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader, & Tolley, 2022}} ||Princeeai’s pygmy chameleon ||Tanzania. |
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| [[File:Rhampholeon-rubeho-from-type-locality-in-life.jpg|236x236px]]||''[[Rhampholeon rubeho]]'' {{small|Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader, & Tolley, 2022}} ||Rubeho’s pygmy chameleon ||Tanzania. |
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| [[File:Rhampholeon-sabini-from-type-locality-in-life 1.jpg|236x236px]]||''[[Rhampholeon sabini]]'' {{small|Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader, & Tolley, 2022}} ||Nguu North pygmy chameleon ||Tanzania. |
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|[[File:Cameroon Stumptail Chameleon (Rhampholeon spectrum) (7668008064).jpg|233x233px]]||''[[Rhampholeon spectrum]]'' {{small|([[Reinhold Wilhelm Buchholz|Buchholz]], 1874)}} || spectral pygmy chameleon, western pygmy chameleon, Cameroon stumptail chameleon ||Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea,Central African Republic, the Republic of the Congo, Nigeria, and Gabon, |
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|[[File:Rhampholeon tilburyi (10.3897-zse.92.9948) Figure 4 (cropped).jpg|237x237px]]||''[[Rhampholeon tilburyi]]'' {{small|Branch, Bayliss & Tolley, 2014}} || Mount Namuli pygmy chameleon ||Mozambique. |
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| [[File:Rhampholeon-waynelotteri-from-type-locality-top-and-from-Mkingu-Nature-Reserve-bottom.png|236x236px]]||''[[Rhampholeon waynelotteri]]'' {{small|Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader, & Tolley, 2022}} || ||Tanzania. |
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''[[Nota bene]]'': A [[Binomial nomenclature|binomial authority]] in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than ''Rhampholeon''. |
''[[Nota bene]]'': A [[Binomial nomenclature|binomial authority]] in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than ''Rhampholeon''. |
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==Further reading== |
==Further reading== |
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*[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger GA]] (1887). ''Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Second Edition. Volume III. ... Chamæleontidæ''. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 575 pp. + Plates I-XL. (Genus ''Rhampholeon'', p. 475). |
*[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger GA]] (1887). ''Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Second Edition. Volume III. ... Chamæleontidæ''. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 575 pp. + Plates I-XL. (Genus ''Rhampholeon'', p. 475). |
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*[[:fr:William Roy Branch|Branch WR]] (2004). ''Field Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of Southern Africa''. Third Revised edition, Second impression. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. 399 pp. ISBN |
*[[:fr:William Roy Branch|Branch WR]] (2004). ''Field Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of Southern Africa''. Third Revised edition, Second impression. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. 399 pp. {{ISBN|0-88359-042-5}}. (Genus ''Rhampholeon'', p. 228). |
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*{{cite journal | title= Pygmy chameleons of the ''Rhampholeon platyceps'' compex (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae): Description of four new species from isolated |
*{{cite journal | title= Pygmy chameleons of the ''Rhampholeon platyceps'' {{As written|compex}} (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae): Description of four new species from isolated 'sky islands' of northern Mozambique |vauthors=Branch WR, Bayliss J, Tolley KA | journal=Zootaxa | year=2014 | volume=3814 |issue=3814 | pages=1–36 | doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3814.1.1|pmid=24943411 }} |
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*[[:fr:Coleman Jett Goin|Goin CJ]], Goin OB, [[:de:George Robert Zug|Zug GR]] (1978). ''Introduction to Herpetology: Third Edition''. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company. xi + 378 pp. ISBN |
*[[:fr:Coleman Jett Goin|Goin CJ]], Goin OB, [[:de:George Robert Zug|Zug GR]] (1978). ''Introduction to Herpetology: Third Edition''. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company. xi + 378 pp. {{ISBN|0-7167-0020-4}}. (Genus ''Rhampholeon'', p. 289). |
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*[[Albert Günther|Günther A]] (1874). "Descriptions of some new or imperfectly known Species of Reptiles from the Camaroon [sic] Mountains". ''Proc. Zool. Soc. London'' '''1874''': 442-445. (''Rhampholeon'', new genus, p. 444). |
*[[Albert Günther|Günther A]] (1874). "Descriptions of some new or imperfectly known Species of Reptiles from the Camaroon [sic] Mountains". ''Proc. Zool. Soc. London'' '''1874''': 442-445. (''Rhampholeon'', new genus, p. 444). |
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*{{cite book |vauthors=Spawls S, Drewes R, Ashe J | title=A Field Guide to the Reptiles of East Africa | publisher=Academic Press | date=2002 | location=Köln | isbn=0-12-656470-1 }} |
*{{cite book |vauthors=Spawls S, Drewes R, Ashe J | title=A Field Guide to the Reptiles of East Africa | publisher=Academic Press | date=2002 | location=Köln | isbn=0-12-656470-1 }} |
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{{Commons category|position=left|Rhampholeon}} |
{{Commons category|position=left|Rhampholeon}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q2328369}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Lizards of Africa]] |
[[Category:Lizards of Africa]] |
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[[Category:Lizard genera]] |
[[Category:Lizard genera]] |
Latest revision as of 11:51, 17 March 2024
Rhampholeon | |
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Rhampholeon temporalis | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Reptilia |
Order: | Squamata |
Suborder: | Iguania |
Family: | Chamaeleonidae |
Subfamily: | Chamaeleoninae |
Genus: | Rhampholeon Günther, 1874 |
Rhampholeon (from Greek: ῥάμφος rhamphos, 'bird's bill' and Greek: λέον leōn, 'lion')[1] is a genus of small chameleons, commonly known as pygmy chameleons or African leaf chameleons, found in East Africa and Central Africa. They are found in forests, woodlands, thickets, and savanna, and most species are restricted to highlands. They are brown, grey, or green, and typically seen at low levels in bushes, or on the ground among grasses or leaf litter.
Species
[edit]The following 25 species are recognized as being valid.[2]
Image | Scientific name | Common name | Distribution |
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Rhampholeon acuminatus Mariaux & Tilbury, 2006 | Nguru pygmy chameleon | Tanzania. | |
Rhampholeon beraduccii Mariaux & Tilbury, 2006 | Beraducci’s pygmy chameleon, Mahenge pygmy chameleon | Tanzania. | |
Rhampholeon boulengeri Steindachner, 1911 | Boulenger's pygmy chameleon | Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda | |
Rhampholeon bruessoworum Branch, Bayliss & Tolley, 2014 | Mount Inago pygmy chameleon | Mozambique | |
Rhampholeon chapmanorum Tilbury, 1992 | Chapmans's pygmy chameleon | Malawi. | |
Rhampholeon colemani Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader, & Tolley, 2022 | Tanzania. | ||
Rhampholeon gorongosae Broadley 1971 | Mount Gorongosa pygmy chameleon | Mozambique. | |
Rhampholeon hattinghi Tilbury & Tolley, 2015 | Democratic Republic of the Congo. | ||
Rhampholeon marshalli Boulenger, 1906 | Marshall's pygmy chameleon, Marshall's leaf chameleon, Marshall's dwarf chameleon, Marshall's stumptail chameleon | Zimbabwe and Mozambique | |
Rhampholeon maspictus Branch, Bayliss & Tolley, 2014 | Mount Mabu pygmy chameleon | Mozambique | |
Rhampholeon moyeri Menegon, Salvidio & Tilbury, 2002 | Moyer’s pygmy chameleon, Udzungwa pygmy chameleon | Tanzania. | |
Rhampholeon nchisiensis (Loveridge, 1953) | South African stumptail chameleon, Nchisi pygmy chameleon | Malawi and Tanzania | |
Rhampholeon nebulauctor Branch, Bayliss & Tolley, 2014 | Mount Chiperone pygmy chameleon | Mozambique. | |
Rhampholeon nicolai Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader, & Tolley, 2022 | Nicola’s pygmy chameleon | Tanzania. | |
Rhampholeon platyceps Günther, 1893 | Mount Mulanje pygmy chameleon, Malawi stumptail chameleon | Malawi and Mozambique | |
Rhampholeon princeeai Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader, & Tolley, 2022 | Princeeai’s pygmy chameleon | Tanzania. | |
Rhampholeon rubeho Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader, & Tolley, 2022 | Rubeho’s pygmy chameleon | Tanzania. | |
Rhampholeon sabini Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader, & Tolley, 2022 | Nguu North pygmy chameleon | Tanzania. | |
Rhampholeon spectrum (Buchholz, 1874) | spectral pygmy chameleon, western pygmy chameleon, Cameroon stumptail chameleon | Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea,Central African Republic, the Republic of the Congo, Nigeria, and Gabon, | |
Rhampholeon spinosus (Matschie, 1892) | rosette-nosed pygmy chameleon | Tanzania | |
Rhampholeon temporalis (Matschie, 1892) | Usambara stumptail chameleon, East Usambara pygmy chameleon | Tanzania. | |
Rhampholeon tilburyi Branch, Bayliss & Tolley, 2014 | Mount Namuli pygmy chameleon | Mozambique. | |
Rhampholeon uluguruensis Tilbury & Emmrich, 1996 | Uluguru pygmy chameleon | Tanzania. | |
Rhampholeon viridis Mariaux & Tilbury, 2006 | green pygmy chameleon | Tanzania. | |
Rhampholeon waynelotteri Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader, & Tolley, 2022 | Tanzania. |
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Rhampholeon.
References
[edit]- ^ Hunter, Robert; Morris, Charles (1906). The Modern world dictionary of the English language ... to which is added a compendium of historical, biographical, geographical, scientific, religious, and sociological names, and a complete summary of human achievement in the nineteenth & twentieth centuries . New York : P.F. Collier & Son. p. 3999.
- ^ "Rhampholeon ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
Further reading
[edit]- Boulenger GA (1887). Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Second Edition. Volume III. ... Chamæleontidæ. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 575 pp. + Plates I-XL. (Genus Rhampholeon, p. 475).
- Branch WR (2004). Field Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of Southern Africa. Third Revised edition, Second impression. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. 399 pp. ISBN 0-88359-042-5. (Genus Rhampholeon, p. 228).
- Branch WR, Bayliss J, Tolley KA (2014). "Pygmy chameleons of the Rhampholeon platyceps compex (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae): Description of four new species from isolated 'sky islands' of northern Mozambique". Zootaxa. 3814 (3814): 1–36. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3814.1.1. PMID 24943411.
- Goin CJ, Goin OB, Zug GR (1978). Introduction to Herpetology: Third Edition. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company. xi + 378 pp. ISBN 0-7167-0020-4. (Genus Rhampholeon, p. 289).
- Günther A (1874). "Descriptions of some new or imperfectly known Species of Reptiles from the Camaroon [sic] Mountains". Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1874: 442-445. (Rhampholeon, new genus, p. 444).
- Spawls S, Drewes R, Ashe J (2002). A Field Guide to the Reptiles of East Africa. Köln: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-656470-1.
- Tilbury, Colin (2010). Chameleons of Africa, An Atlas including the chameleons of Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Frankfurt: Edition Chimaira.
External links
[edit]Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rhampholeon.