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Princess Iwa (磐之媛命, Iwa no hime mikoto), sometimes known as Empress Iwa no hime (磐姫皇后, Iwa no hime kōgō), was a poet and the Empress consort of Emperor Nintoku, who was the 16th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.^[1] She was a descendant of Emperor Kōgen.^{[citation needed]}

No firm dates can be assigned to Emperor Nintoku's life or reign, nor to that of his first wife. Nintoku is considered to have ruled the country during the late-fourth century and early-fifth century, but there is a paucity of information about him. There is insufficient material available for further verification and study.^{[citation needed]}

Her poetry, or poems attributed to her, are included in the Kojiki, the Nihon shoki and the Man'yōshū.

Literature

Poems which Iwa-no hime is said to have exchanged with her husband are related in the Kojiki and in the Nihon shoki.^[2] Nintoku is reported to have suffered the resentment of the Iwa-no hime during a period in which he stopped the collection of taxes, which meant that even ordinary repairs to the palace were also deferred.^[3]

Poetry attributed to Iwa is collected in the Man'yōshū,^[2] the oldest existing collection of Japanese poetry believed to have been collected by Ōtomo no Yakamochi (大伴家持). In her four songs she expressed love and longing for her husband.^[4] Some modern scholars, however, advise a healthy skepticism in these difficult to verify attributions.^[5]

Longing for Emperor Nintoku (君が行き日長くなりぬ山たずね迎へか行かむ待ちにか待たむ).^[6]

Kimi ga yuki

Kenagaku narinu

Yamatazu no

Mukae o yukamu

Matsu ni wa mataji

Long now are the days

Since my lord has gone away;

As elder leaves meet,

So shall I go and meet him.
And not wait an endless wait.^[7]

Burial mound tomb

The Imperial tomb of Iwa-no hime no Mikoto is said to be located in Saki-chō in the city of Nara.^[8] Both kofun-type Imperial tombs are characterized by a keyhole-shaped island located within a wide, water-filled moat.^[9]

Issue

Prince Ooe no Izahowake (大兄去来穂別尊) Emperor Richū
Prince Suminoe no Nakatsu (住吉仲皇子)
Prince Mizuhawake (瑞歯別尊) Emperor Hanzei
Prince Oasatsuma wakugo no Sukune (雄朝津間稚子宿禰尊) Emperor Ingyō

Notes

^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 22-24; Varley, Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, pp. 110-111.
^ ^a ^b Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). "Iwa no Hime," Japan encyclopedia, p. 409.
^ Brownlee, John S. and Tarō Sakamoto. (1991). The Six National Histories of Japan, p. 64.
^ Sato. p. 16. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
^ Hall, John Whitney et al. (1993). The Cambridge History of Japan: Ancient Japan, p. 474.
^ Poem No. 2-85, Man'yōshū Best 100;
^ Cranston, Edwin A. (1998). A Waka Anthology: The Gem-Glistening Cup, p. 51.
^ Iwa-no hime no Mikoto's misasagi -- map (upper right)
^ see kofun context of kofun-like elements

Sources

Brownlee, John S. and Tarō Sakamoto. (1991). The Six National Histories of Japan. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press. 10-ISBN 0-774-80379-7; 13-ISBN 978-0-774-80379-3]
Cranston, Edwin A. (1998). A Waka Anthology: The Gem-Glistening Cup. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 10-ISBN 0-804-73157-8; 13-ISBN 978-0-804-73157-7
Hall, John Whitney, Delmer M. Brown, Marius B. Jansen. (1993). The Cambridge History of Japan: Ancient Japan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10-ISBN 0-521-22352-0; 13-ISBN 978-0-521-22352-2
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 10-ISBN 0-674-01753-6; 13-ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
Japanese women poets: an anthology. M.E. Sharpe, Inc. 2008. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
Titsingh, Isaac, ed. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652], Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.
Varley, H. Paul , ed. (1980). [ Kitabatake Chikafusa, 1359], Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley). New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-04940-4

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{nihongo|'''Princess Iwa'''|磐之媛命|Iwa no hime mikoto}}, sometimes known as {{nihongo|'''Empress Iwa no hime'''|磐姫皇后|Iwa no hime kōgō}}, was a poet and the [[Empress consort]] of [[Emperor Nintoku]], who was the 16th emperor of [[Japan]], according to the traditional order of succession.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [http://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PP9&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran#PRA1-PA22,M1  ''Annales des empereurs du japon,'' pp. 22]-24; Varley, Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki,'' pp. 110-111.</ref> She was a descendant of [[Emperor Kōgen]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2011}}
-'''Princess Iwa''' (磐之媛命) was a poet and [[Japanese empresses|Empress of Japan]], as the wife of [[Emperor Nintoku]]. She was a descendant of [[Emperor Kōgen]].
+No firm dates can be assigned to Emperor Nintoku's life or reign, nor to that of his first wife.  Nintoku is considered to have ruled the country during the late-fourth century and early-fifth century, but there is a paucity of information about him. There is insufficient material available for further verification and study.{{Citation needed|date=May 2011}}
+Her poetry, or poems attributed to her, are included in the ''[[Kojiki]]'', the ''[[Nihon shoki]]'' and the ''[[Man'yōshū]]''.
+==Literature==
+Poems which Iwa-no hime is said to have exchanged with her husband are related in the ''[[Kojiki]]'' and in the ''[[Nihon shoki]].''<ref name="nussbaum409">Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [http://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA409&dq=iwano+hime&client=firefox-a  "Iwa no Hime," ''Japan encyclopedia,'' p. 409.]</ref>  Nintoku is reported to have suffered the resentment of the Iwa-no hime during a period in which he stopped the collection of taxes, which meant that even ordinary repairs to the palace were also deferred.<ref>Brownlee, John S. and Tarō Sakamoto. (1991). [http://books.google.com/books?id=7jDuhnI6r9UC&pg=PA64&dq=iwano+hime&lr=&client=firefox-a  ''The Six National Histories of Japan,'' p. 64.]</ref>
+Poetry attributed to Iwa is collected in the Man'yōshū,<ref name="nussbaum409"/> the oldest existing collection of [[Japanese poetry]] believed to have been collected by [[Ōtomo no Yakamochi]] (大伴 家持). In her four songs she expressed love and longing for her husband.<ref>{{cite book | author=Sato | page=16 }}</ref> Some modern scholars, however, advise a healthy skepticism in these difficult to verify attributions.<ref>Hall, John Whitney ''et al.'' (1993). [http://books.google.com/books?id=nCJwEDzyxNgC&pg=PA474&dq=iwanohime&lr=&client=firefox-a  ''The Cambridge History of Japan: Ancient Japan,'' p. 474.]</ref>
+:''Longing for Emperor Nintoku'' (君が行き 日長くなりぬ 山たずね 迎へか行かむ 待ちにか待たむ).<ref name="best100">[http://home.earthlink.net/~khaitani1/mysx2.htm#2-85  Poem No. 2-85, ''Man'yōshū Best 100;'']</ref>
+{{col-begin}}
+{{col-2}}
+::''   Kimi ga yuki''
+:''Kenagaku narinu''
+::''   Yamatazu no''
+:''Mukae o yukamu''
+:''Matsu ni wa mataji''
+{{col-2}}
+:Long now are the days
+Since my lord has gone away;<br>
+:As elder leaves meet,
+So shall I go and meet him.<br>
+And not wait an endless wait.<ref>Cranston, Edwin A. (1998). [http://books.google.com/books?id=KqWjwalbmx4C&pg=PA85&dq=iwanohime&lr=&client=firefox-a#PPA51,M1  ''A Waka Anthology: The Gem-Glistening Cup,'' p. 51.]</ref>
+{{col-end}}
+==Burial mound tomb==
+The Imperial tomb of Iwa-no hime no Mikoto is said to be located in Saki-chō in the city of [[Nara, Nara|Nara]].<ref>[http://narashikanko.jp/english/aria_map/map_pdf/302.pdf Iwa-no hime no Mikoto's ''misasagi'' -- map (upper right)]</ref> Both ''[[kofun]]''-type Imperial tombs are characterized by a keyhole-shaped island located within a wide, water-filled moat.<ref>[http://www.ozlab.osakac.ac.jp/KOFUN_E/ see ''kofun'' context of ''kofun''-like elements]</ref>
-Her poetry is collected in the [[Man'yōshū]] (万葉集), the oldest existing collection of [[Japanese poetry]] believed to have been collected by [[Ōtomo no Yakamochi]] (大伴 家持). In her four songs she expressed love and longing for her husband.<ref>{{cite book | author=Sato | page=16 }}</ref>
 ==Issue==
@@ Line 13: / Line 40: @@
 ==Sources==
+{{refbegin}}
+* Brownlee, John S. and Tarō Sakamoto. (1991). [http://books.google.com/books?id=7jDuhnI6r9UC&client=firefox-a  ''The Six National Histories of Japan.''] Vancouver: [[University of British Columbia Press]]. 10-ISBN 0-774-80379-7; 13-ISBN 978-0-774-80379-3]
+* Cranston, Edwin A. (1998). [http://books.google.com/books?id=KqWjwalbmx4C&client=firefox-a  ''A Waka Anthology: The Gem-Glistening Cup.''] Stanford: [[Stanford University Press]]. 10-ISBN 0-804-73157-8; 13-ISBN 978-0-804-73157-7
+* [[John Whitney Hall|Hall]], John Whitney, Delmer M. Brown, Marius B. Jansen. (1993). [http://books.google.com/books?id=nCJwEDzyxNgC&client=firefox-a  ''The Cambridge History of Japan: Ancient Japan.''] Cambridge: [[Cambridge University Press]]. 10-ISBN 0-521-22352-0; 13-ISBN 978-0-521-22352-2
+* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [http://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&client=firefox-a  ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. 10-ISBN 0-674-01753-6; 13-ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition  OCLC 58053128]
 * {{cite book | title=Japanese women poets: an anthology | authors=Hiroaki Sato| year=2008 | publisher=M.E. Sharpe, Inc }}
+* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh]], Isaac, ed. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/[[Hayashi Gahō]], 1652], ''[[Nipon o daï itsi ran]]; ou, [http://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran  Annales des empereurs du Japon.'']  Paris: [[Royal Asiatic Society|Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland]].
+* [[H. Paul Varley|Varley]], H. Paul , ed. (1980). [ [[Kitabatake Chikafusa]], 1359], ''[[Jinnō Shōtōki]] ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley).'' New York: [[Columbia University Press]]. ISBN 0-231-04940-4
+{{refend}}
+==See also==
+* [[Japanese empresses]]
+{{Japan-hist-stub}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Iwa, Princess}}
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Iwa no hime}}
 [[Category:People of Kofun period Japan]]
 [[Category:4th-century women writers]]