Asharaf: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
grammatical error corrected Tags: Visual edit Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
partial rewrite based on reliable sources |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| ⚫ | |||
{{Infobox ethnic group |
|||
The '''Asharaf''', also spelled '''Ashraf''' (from the {{lang-ar|أشراف|ashrāf}}, {{lit|nobles}}) is a [[Somalis|Somali]] clan. Their name is the plural of [[Sharif|{{transl|ar|sharīf}}]], an originally Arabic term designating those who claim descent from the prophet [[Muhammad]] through his daughter [[Fatimah|Fatima]].<ref>{{harvnb|Lewis|2008|p=5}}; {{harvnb|Mukhtar|2003|pp=11, 68}}. On the two spellings, cf. also {{harvnb|Anon. A|2010|p=1}}.</ref> |
|||
| group = Asharaf/Al Asharaf |
|||
| languages = [[Arabic language|Arabic]], [[Somali language|Somali]] |
|||
| rels = [[Islam]] |
|||
}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
With Arabic origin |
|||
Page 1 |
|||
Country Advice Somalia Somalia – SOM36945 – Asharaf clan – Feerfeer - Burukuur - Mandera Kenya - Ceelasha Biyaha – – Amputation – Recruitment – Ethiopian Invasion – Musa Zude Yalahow – Yaqshid 9 July 2010 |
|||
</ref><ref name=":0">https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2013/12/13/SOM103613.E.pdf |
|||
Belonging to the larger group of Somali clans living in the southern parts of the country called the [[Benadiri people|Benadiri]], they fall outside of the traditional Somali clan structures and are often marginalized within [[Somalia]].<ref>{{harvnb|Abbink|2009|pp=36–37}}.</ref> As a [[minority group|minority]], they have been the target of violent Islamist groups such as the [[Al-Shabaab (militant group)|al-Shabaab]].<ref>{{harvnb|Yoshimura|2009|pp=19–20}}. Cf. {{harvnb|Anon. A|2010}}; {{harvnb|Anon. B|2010}}.</ref> |
|||
RESPONSES TO INFORMATION REQUESTS (RIRs) New Search | About RIRs | Help SOM103613.E Somalia: Information on the Ashraf clan, including the location of their traditional homeland, affiliated clans 23 November 2010 |
|||
</ref><ref>http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/4b29f5e82.pdf |
|||
Contrary to most other [[Somali clans]], who trace their ancestry to the prophet's cousin and [[Ali]]'s older brother [[Aqil ibn Abi Talib]],<ref>{{harvnb|Lewis|1961|pp=11–13}}; cf. {{harvnb|Mukhtar|2003|p=62}}.</ref> the Asharaf claim descent from Ali's sons [[Hasan ibn Ali]] and [[Husayn ibn Ali]].<ref>{{harvnb|Abbink|2009|p=37}}.</ref> Like the claims of other Somali clans in this regard, this alleged [[genealogy]] is historically untenable.<ref>{{harvnb|Lewis|1994|pp=102–106, esp. p. 105}}.</ref> |
|||
Clans in Somalia Report on a Lecture by Joakim Gundel, COI Workshop Vienna, 15 May 2009 (Revised Edition) published December 2009 |
|||
</ref> |
|||
== Clan structure == |
== Clan structure == |
||
The claimed [[genealogy|genealogical]] structure of the Asharaf clan is as follows:<ref>{{harvnb|Abbink|2009|p=37}}.</ref> |
|||
The Asharaf clan structure is based on Fatima's two sons: |
|||
* Hasan ibn Ali |
|||
* Asharaf |
|||
** Mohamed Sharif |
|||
** Hussein (Bin Hussein) |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
*** Reer Shariif Hashim his sons are Sharif A-Habibi, Sharif Munye & Sharif AbdilKhadir Sharif Hashim Banu Hashim (Reer Aba-Dayax) |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
*** Reer Shariif Magbuul |
|||
** Ashraf Sarman |
|||
** Unnamed others |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
* Husayn ibn Ali |
|||
*** Sharif Balawi |
|||
** |
** Reer Sharif Magbuul |
||
** Sharif Ahmed |
|||
** Sharif Balaaw |
|||
** Unnamed others |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
*** Ashraf Sarman |
|||
== Notable figures == |
== Notable figures == |
||
| Line 42: | Line 30: | ||
</ref> |
</ref> |
||
* [[Dada Masiti]], Mana Sitti Habib Jamaladdin ([[Arabic language|Arabic]]: مانا ستي حبيب جمال الدين) (<abbr>c.</abbr> 1810s – 15 July 1919), commonly known as Dada Masiti ("Grandmother Masiti"), was an [[Ashraf]]<nowiki/> poet, mystic and Islamic scholar. She composed her poetry in the [[Bravanese dialect]] spoken in [[Barawa]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Declich|first=Francesca|title=Sources on Islam Composed in the Vernacular: Somali Women's Religious Poetry". Islam in East Africa: New Sources. Rome: Herder|pages=297–330}}</ref> |
* [[Dada Masiti]], Mana Sitti Habib Jamaladdin ([[Arabic language|Arabic]]: مانا ستي حبيب جمال الدين) (<abbr>c.</abbr> 1810s – 15 July 1919), commonly known as Dada Masiti ("Grandmother Masiti"), was an [[Ashraf]]<nowiki/> poet, mystic and Islamic scholar. She composed her poetry in the [[Bravanese dialect]] spoken in [[Barawa]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Declich|first=Francesca|title=Sources on Islam Composed in the Vernacular: Somali Women's Religious Poetry". Islam in East Africa: New Sources. Rome: Herder|pages=297–330}}</ref> |
||
* [[Sharif Aydurus |
* [[Sharif Aydurus]], a famous scholar of Islamic and Somali history and pan-Islamic leader<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ahmed|first=Ali Jimale|title=The Invention of Somalia}}</ref> |
||
* [[Shariif Imaankeey]], [[Mayor of Mogadishu]] from September 1963{{endash}}1965 |
* [[Shariif Imaankeey]], [[Mayor of Mogadishu]] from September 1963{{endash}}1965 |
||
* [[Shariif Caydaruus]], [[Mayor of Mogadishu]] from 1966{{endash}}1970 |
* [[Shariif Caydaruus]], [[Mayor of Mogadishu]] from 1966{{endash}}1970 |
||
| Line 48: | Line 36: | ||
== References == |
== References == |
||
{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
||
===Sources cited=== |
|||
*{{cite book|last1=Abbink|first1=G. J.|year=2009|title=The Total Somali Clan Genealogy (second edition)|series=Asc Working Paper Series|volume=84|location=Leiden|publisher=African Studies Centre|url=https://hdl.handle.net/1887/14007}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
*{{cite web|author=Anon. B|year=2010|date=23 November 2010|title=Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada: Responses to Information Requests: SOM103613.E|url=https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2013/12/13/SOM103613.E.pdf}} |
|||
*{{cite book|last1=Lewis|first1=Ioan M.|author1-link=Ioan Lewis|year=1961|title=A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780852552803|url=https://www.google.com/books?id=eK6SBJIckIsC&pg=PA11#v=onepage&q&f=false}} |
|||
*{{cite book|last1=Lewis|first1=Ioan M.|author1-link=Ioan Lewis|date=1994|title=Blood and Bone: The Call of Kinship in Somali Society|location=Lawrencewill, NJ|publisher=The Red Sea Press|isbn=0-932415-93-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9fAjtruUXjEC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false}} |
|||
*{{cite book|last1=Lewis|first1=Ioan M.|author1-link=Ioan Lewis|date=2008|title=Understanding Somalia and Somaliland: Culture, History, Society|location=New York|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-70084-9}} |
|||
*{{cite book|last1=Mukhtar|first1=Mohamed Haji|year=2003|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|series=African Historical Dictionary Series|volume=87|location=Lanham, Maryland|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810866041}} |
|||
*{{cite book|last1=Yoshimura|first1=Daisuke|year=2009|title=Clans in Somalia: Report on a Lecture by Joakim Gundel, COI Workshop Vienna, 15 May 2009 (Revised Edition)|location=Vienna|publisher=Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation|url=http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/4b29f5e82.pdf}} |
|||
[[Category:Somali clans]] |
[[Category:Somali clans]] |
||
Revision as of 20:29, 25 September 2021
The Asharaf, also spelled Ashraf (from the Arabic: أشراف, romanized: ashrāf, lit. 'nobles') is a Somali clan. Their name is the plural of sharīf, an originally Arabic term designating those who claim descent from the prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatima.[1]
Belonging to the larger group of Somali clans living in the southern parts of the country called the Benadiri, they fall outside of the traditional Somali clan structures and are often marginalized within Somalia.[2] As a minority, they have been the target of violent Islamist groups such as the al-Shabaab.[3]
Contrary to most other Somali clans, who trace their ancestry to the prophet's cousin and Ali's older brother Aqil ibn Abi Talib,[4] the Asharaf claim descent from Ali's sons Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali.[5] Like the claims of other Somali clans in this regard, this alleged genealogy is historically untenable.[6]
Clan structure
The claimed genealogical structure of the Asharaf clan is as follows:[7]
- Hasan ibn Ali
- Mohamed Sharif
- Sharif Ali
- Sharif Ahmed
- Ashraf Sarman
- Unnamed others
- Husayn ibn Ali
- Reer Sharif Magbuul
- Sharif Ahmed
- Sharif Balaaw
- Unnamed others
Notable figures
- Sharif Hassan[8]
- Dada Masiti, Mana Sitti Habib Jamaladdin (Arabic: مانا ستي حبيب جمال الدين) (c. 1810s – 15 July 1919), commonly known as Dada Masiti ("Grandmother Masiti"), was an Ashraf poet, mystic and Islamic scholar. She composed her poetry in the Bravanese dialect spoken in Barawa.[9]
- Sharif Aydurus, a famous scholar of Islamic and Somali history and pan-Islamic leader[10]
- Shariif Imaankeey, Mayor of Mogadishu from September 1963–1965
- Shariif Caydaruus, Mayor of Mogadishu from 1966–1970
References
- ^ Lewis 2008, p. 5; Mukhtar 2003, pp. 11, 68. On the two spellings, cf. also Anon. A 2010, p. 1.
- ^ Abbink 2009, pp. 36–37.
- ^ Yoshimura 2009, pp. 19–20. Cf. Anon. A 2010; Anon. B 2010.
- ^ Lewis 1961, pp. 11–13; cf. Mukhtar 2003, p. 62.
- ^ Abbink 2009, p. 37.
- ^ Lewis 1994, pp. 102–106, esp. p. 105.
- ^ Abbink 2009, p. 37.
- ^ June 2012 The Galgale In Somalia: Third-class citizens in their homeland Sharif Hassan from the Asharaf clan, page 12 Sharif Salah http://allafrica.com/download/resource/main/main/idatcs/00040315:40b8440c1c8a08b8c79febe8120327f9.pdf
- ^ Declich, Francesca. Sources on Islam Composed in the Vernacular: Somali Women's Religious Poetry". Islam in East Africa: New Sources. Rome: Herder. pp. 297–330.
- ^ Ahmed, Ali Jimale. The Invention of Somalia.
Sources cited
- Abbink, G. J. (2009). The Total Somali Clan Genealogy (second edition). Asc Working Paper Series. Vol. 84. Leiden: African Studies Centre.
- Anon. A (9 July 2010). "Australian Government – Refugee Review Tribunal – Country Advice: Somalia" (PDF).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - Anon. B (23 November 2010). "Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada: Responses to Information Requests: SOM103613.E" (PDF).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - Lewis, Ioan M. (1961). A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780852552803.
- Lewis, Ioan M. (1994). Blood and Bone: The Call of Kinship in Somali Society. Lawrencewill, NJ: The Red Sea Press. ISBN 0-932415-93-8.
- Lewis, Ioan M. (2008). Understanding Somalia and Somaliland: Culture, History, Society. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-70084-9.
- Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (2003). Historical Dictionary of Somalia. African Historical Dictionary Series. Vol. 87. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810866041.
- Yoshimura, Daisuke (2009). Clans in Somalia: Report on a Lecture by Joakim Gundel, COI Workshop Vienna, 15 May 2009 (Revised Edition) (PDF). Vienna: Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation.