Modified Initial System: Difference between revisions

Help

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit Next edit →

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Inline

Revision as of 01:56, 1 October 2021

Redirect to:

MTR#Modified Initial System

This page is a redirect. The following categories are used to track and monitor this redirect:

From a subtopic: This is a redirect from a subtopic of the target article.
- If the redirected subtopic could potentially have its own article in the future, then also tag the redirect with {{R with possibilities}} and {{R printworthy}}.

To a section: This is a redirect from a topic that does not have its own page to a section of a page on the subject. For redirects to embedded anchors on a page, use {{R to anchor}} instead.

With possibilities: This is a redirect from a title that potentially could be expanded into a new article or other type of associated page such as a new template. The topic described by this title may be more detailed than is currently provided on the target page or in a section of that page.
- When the target page becomes too large, or for any reason a new page would be an improvement, this redirect may be replaced with an article, template or other project page that is carved out of the target page. See also {{R to section}} and use together with this rcat when appropriate.
- If the topic of the redirect is not susceptible to expansion, then use other rcats such as {{R to section}} or {{R to list entry}} when appropriate.
- Since a new page may be created, links to this redirect should not be replaced with a direct link to the target page. To make redirects to this page, use {{R avoided double redirect}}.
- {{R printworthy}} should be used together with this template when applied to a redirect in mainspace.
- When used on a template redirect, it will automatically populate Category:Template redirects with possibilities.

From a printworthy page title: This is a redirect from a title that would be helpful in a printed or CD/DVD version of Wikipedia. See Wikipedia:Printability and Version 1.0 Editorial Team for more information.

When appropriate, protection levels are automatically sensed, described and categorized.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Modified_Initial_System&oldid=1047477208"

Hidden categories:

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[File:MIS route map en.svg|thumb|"Modified Initial System" route map]]
+#REDIRECT [[MTR#Modified Initial System]]
-The '''Modified Initial System''' refers to the railway project and the first line of the [[Mass Transit Railway]] (MTR) which ran between [[Kwun Tong station]] in New Kowloon and [[Chater station]] (the eastern part of [[Central station (MTR)|Central station]] since 1985) in Victoria City on Hong Kong Island. It was the first rapid transit rail line in the territory.
-== History ==
-In [[:Category:1975 in Hong Kong|early 1975]], the Mass Transit Steering Group was replaced by the Mass Transport Provisional Authority, which held more executive powers.<ref>{{cite news|title=Executive powers for tube Authority|work=South China Morning Post|date=9 February 1974|page=7}}</ref> It announced that the Initial System would be reduced to {{convert|15.6|km|mi}} and renamed the "Modified Initial System". Plans for a single contract were abandoned in favour of 25 engineering contracts and 10 electrical and mechanical contracts. On 7 May 1975 the Legislative Council of the territory passed legislation setting up the government-owned [[MTR Corporation Limited|Mass Transit Railway Corporation]] (MTRC) to replace the Mass Transport Provisional Authority.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mass transit: 'Ayes' have it|work=South China Morning Post|date=8 May 1975|page=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Tube: the last legal hurdle is removed|work=South China Morning Post|date=8 May 1975|page=4}}</ref>
+{{Rcat shell|
-Construction of the Modified Initial System (now part of the Kwun Tong line and Tsuen Wan line combined) commenced in November 1975. The northern section was completed on 30 September 1979 and was opened on 1 October 1979 by Governor [[Murray MacLehose, Baron MacLehose of Beoch|Murray MacLehose]].<ref name=scmpp18 /> Trains on this route ran from [[Kwun Tong station|Kwun Tong]] to [[Shek Kip Mei station|Shek Kip Mei]] in Phase 1, entirely within New Kowloon, from there to [[Tsim Sha Tsui station|Tsim Sha Tsui]] in Phase 2, extending through Kowloon beneath [[Nathan Road]], and to Chater the last phase, reaching the City of Victoria across the harbour with two stations, initially in a four-car configuration. The section between Kwun Tong and the midpoint of Choi Hung and Kowloon Bay stations runs on viaducts, and the rest mostly in [[cut-and-cover]] tunnels,<ref>{{cite web|title=Diamond Hill Station and the tunnel connecting to Choi Hung Station under construction|url=https://en-gb.facebook.com/mtrhk/posts/10160058639270151?comment_id=10160155312430151|author=MTR Corporation Limited}}</ref> except for short sections underneath hills such as [[Bishop Hill, Hong Kong|Bishop Hill]] (Wo Chai Shan) near Shek Kip Mei, as well as [[#Harbour Crossing Tunnel|the tunnel beneath Victoria Harbour]].
+{{R from subtopic}}
+{{R to section}}
-During its constructions many roads were closed, for example, Chater Road and the entire length of Nathan Road in several stages. The [[former Supreme Court Building]], which later became the home of the territory Legislative Council and now the Court of Final Appeal, had to be reinforced and only the façade is a declared monument.<ref name="LegCo Building">{{Cite web |title=The Legislative Council Building |url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/young/english/building/legco_building_1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111123062416/http://www.legco.gov.hk/young/english/building/legco_building_1.html |archive-date=23 November 2011 |website=Legislative Council |language=en}}</ref> The [[General Post Office, Hong Kong#1911 GPO|former General Post Office]] was demolished and [[World Wide House]] was built in its place, atop the [[Pedder (MTR)|Chater and Pedder stations]] beneath it.
+{{R with possibilities}}
+{{R printworthy}}
-The first train drivers were trained on the [[London Underground]].<ref name=scmpp18>{{cite news|title=Mass transit railway is all set to roll|work=South China Morning Post|date=24 September 1979|page=18}}</ref> The route from [[Tsim Sha Tsui station]] to [[Shek Kip Mei station]] opened in December 1979.<ref name="thepast" >{{cite web|url=http://www.theskytrain.net/hkmtr/Past_History.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071007153839/http://www.theskytrain.net/hkmtr/Past_History.htm|archive-date=7 October 2007|title=The History|publisher=Hong Kong Mass Transit InfoCenter|date=27 October 2003|access-date=8 March 2007}}</ref>
+}}
-The full Modified Initial System was opened on 12 February 1980 by [[Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy|Princess Alexandra]], who rode the inaugural train through the immersed tube beneath [[Victoria Harbour]] to Chater station, since renamed [[Central station (MTR)|Central station]].<ref name="1979annualreport">{{cite book |title=Annual Report 1979 |date=1980 |publisher=Mass Transit Railway Corporation |location=Hong Kong}}</ref> Trains were gradually extended to six cars to accommodate an increase in passenger numbers.
-== Design and construction ==
-It was designed by a consortium of consultants led by Freeman Fox and Partners. On later extensions to the railway the stations were designed under the supervision of [[Roland Paoletti]], the chief architect at MTR.<ref name=Paoletti>{{cite web |url=http://www.architecture.com/NewsAndPress/News/InternationalNews/Press/2002/HongKong-ACityOnTheMove.aspx |title=Hong Kong – A city on the move |publisher=Royal Institute of British Architects |access-date=12 October 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080224153634/http://www.architecture.com/NewsAndPress/News/InternationalNews/Press/2002/HongKong-ACityOnTheMove.aspx |archive-date=24 February 2008  }}</ref>
-=== Harbour Crossing Tunnel ===
-{{split-section|Harbour Crossing Tunnel|date=September 2021}}
-<cite id="Harbour Crossing Tunnel" /> Between Tsim Sha Tsui and Admiralty is the '''Harbour Crossing Tunnel''', a {{convert|1.4|km|yard|abbr=|adj=on|}} [[reinforced concrete]] [[immersed tube]] tunnel across [[Victoria Harbour]] which construction commenced in 1976. Its deepest point is at {{convert|24.24|m|feet|abbr=on}}. The [[immersed tubes|binocular section]]s were constructed in [[Chai Wan]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=The State-of-Art Technology for Immersed Tube Tunnel in Hong Kong and Korea|first=Joseph Y C|last=Lo|last2=Maunsell AECOM|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20170516225441/psdas.gov.hk:80/content/doc/2007-1-02/Seminar1_04%2520-%25202007-1-02.pdf|access-date=2021-09-29|date=28 March 2008|website=psdas.gov.hk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Lo|last2=Tsang|last3=Maunsell AECOM|first=Joseph Y C|first2=C K|date=2008-03-28|title=State-of-Art Technology for Immersed Tube Tunnel in Hong Kong and Korea; pp. 46, 47, 51|website=psdas.gov.hk|url=http://www.psdas.gov.hk/content/doc/2007-1-02/Seminar1_04_paper%20-%202007-1-02.pdf#---https://www.scribd.com/document/264532945/Seminar1-04-paper-2007-1-02---https://www.academia.edu/32351466/THE_STATE-OF-ART_TECHNOLOGY_FOR_IMMERSED_TUBE_TUNNEL_IN_HONG_KONG_AND_KOERA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Wong|first=Marcus|date=2017-05-16|title=Underwater tunnels of the Hong Kong MTR|url=https://www.checkerboardhill.com/2017/05/underwater-tunnels-mass-transit-railway-hong-hong/|access-date=2021-09-29|website=Checkerboard Hill|language=en-AU}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Wong|first=Marcus|date=2017-05-16|title=Underwater tunnels of the Hong Kong MTR|url=https://www.checkerboardhill.com/2017/05/underwater-tunnels-mass-transit-railway-hong-hong/|access-date=2021-09-29|website=Checkerboard Hill|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Morris|first=Martin|last2=Yang|first2=Morgan W. W.|last3=Tsang|first3=Chor Kin|last4=Hu|first4=Alan Y. M.|last5=Shut|first5=Dunson S. C.|date=2016-11-01|title=An overview of subsea tunnel engineering in Hong Kong|url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/10.1680/jcien.15.00073#---https://pdf.zlibcdn.com/dtoken/f2f1c390f873082150ae476a73c0fa8a/jcien.15.00073.pdf---https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/37995287/21st-century-the-university-of-hong-kong---D7d_ceRUUkkJ---https://julac.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?query=any,contains,i0%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E6%96%B0%E6%8C%91%E6%88%B0%20,%20international%20conference%20on%20coastal%20infrastructure%20development&tab=default_tab&search_scope=My%20Institution&sortby=date&vid=HKU&facet=frbrgroupid,include,498377147&offset=0---https://digitalrepository.lib.hku.hk/catalog/cr56p602g#?c=&m=&s=&cv=&xywh=-1074%2C-96%2C3352%2C1904|journal=Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Civil Engineering|volume=169|issue=6|pages=9–15|doi=10.1680/jcien.15.00073|issn=0965-089X}}</ref>  It was the first railway tunnel to cross the Victoria Harbour and also the first subsea railway tunnel in the territory.
-== Later development ==
-In preparation for the opening of the [[Tsuen Wan line]] in May 1982, trains began operating in two sections in April 1982, between Kwun Tong and Waterloo (Yau Ma Tei) stations, and between Chater and Argyle (Mong Kok) stations respectively. The former would become the Kwun Tong line and labelled green on system maps, and the latter became part of the Tsuen Wan line upon its opening, labelled red. [[Prince Edward station]] was added to the north of Argyle station.
-== See also==
-* [[Victoria Harbour crossings#MTR|Victoria Harbour crossings § MTR]]
-== References ==
-{{Reflist|2}}
-[[Category:MTR lines]]
-<!-- Categories for Harbour Crossing Tunnel -->[[Category:Immersed tube tunnels in Hong Kong|Harbour Crossing Tunnel]] [[Category:Railway tunnels in Hong Kong|Harbour Crossing Tunnel]]
-[[Category:Victoria Harbour|Harbour Crossing Tunnel]]
-<!-- -->
-[[zh-tw:%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E6%97%A9%E6%9C%9F%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1]]