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[[File:Carballeira de Santa Susana1.JPG|thumb|The {{ill|Oak grove of Santa Susana|gl|Carballeira de Santa Susana}} may be the site of the Libredón]] |
[[File:Carballeira de Santa Susana1.JPG|thumb|The {{ill|Oak grove of Santa Susana|gl|Carballeira de Santa Susana}} may be the site of the Libredón]] |
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'''Libredón''' was a forest, sometimes also described as a mountain, near [[Santiago de Compostela]] that according to legend, is where the body of [[James the Great|Saint James]] was laid to rest. |
'''Libredón''' was a forest, sometimes also described as a mountain, near [[Santiago de Compostela]] that according to legend, is where the body of [[James the Great|Saint James]] was laid to rest. There is a belief that the location of the forest was located at the {{ill|Oak grove of Santa Susana|gl|Carballeira de Santa Susana}}, a hill in Santiago de Compostela that is part of the [[:gl:Alameda de Santiago de Compostela|Parque da Alameda de Santiago de Compostela]]. |
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==Background== |
==Background== |
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The place was forgotten until, in the [[9th century]], [[Pelagius the Hermit]] saw some lights that illuminated the forest. He advised [[Theodemir of Iria|Theodemir]], bishop of [[Iria Flavia]]. They found a small chapel with an altar and a crypt (the {{ill|Aca Marmarica|gl|Arca Marmórica}}) in which there were three tombs, that of Santiago and that of his two disciples. He informed the king of Galicia, [[Alfonso II of Asturias|Alfonso the Chaste]], who traveled from [[Oviedo]] along what is called the [[Camino Primitivo]], to verify that the bones corresponded to those of the apostle. [[Alfonso II of Asturias|King Alfonso II]] ordered the construction of a chapel on the site.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Portela Silva, E. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-e9_EDt4aVMC |title=Historia de la ciudad de Santiago de Compostela |publisher=Universidad de Santiago de Compostela |year=2003 |isbn=8497501373 |page=54}}</ref><!--Twelve [[Benedictines|Benedictine monks]] came from [[Monastery of San Vicente de Oviedo|Oviedo]], the first basilica was built in the forest of Libredón and Compostela developed around it.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Franco Taboada |first=Arturo |title=Los orígenes de Compostela: una historia dibujada |publisher=Antilia |year=1998 |isbn=8416460019 |language=es |author-link=:es:Arturo Franco Taboada| url = https://www.google.com/books/edition/Los_or%C3%ADgenes_de_Compostela/ojCcIiC7P3IC?hl=en&gbpv=1| page = 30}}</ref>--> |
The place was forgotten until, in the [[9th century]], [[Pelagius the Hermit]] saw some lights that illuminated the forest. He advised [[Theodemir of Iria|Theodemir]], bishop of [[Iria Flavia]]. They found a small chapel with an altar and a crypt (the {{ill|Aca Marmarica|gl|Arca Marmórica}}) in which there were three tombs, that of Santiago and that of his two disciples. He informed the king of Galicia, [[Alfonso II of Asturias|Alfonso the Chaste]], who traveled from [[Oviedo]] along what is called the [[Camino Primitivo]], to verify that the bones corresponded to those of the apostle. [[Alfonso II of Asturias|King Alfonso II]] ordered the construction of a chapel on the site.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Portela Silva, E. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-e9_EDt4aVMC |title=Historia de la ciudad de Santiago de Compostela |publisher=Universidad de Santiago de Compostela |year=2003 |isbn=8497501373 |page=54}}</ref><!--Twelve [[Benedictines|Benedictine monks]] came from [[Monastery of San Vicente de Oviedo|Oviedo]], the first basilica was built in the forest of Libredón and Compostela developed around it.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Franco Taboada |first=Arturo |title=Los orígenes de Compostela: una historia dibujada |publisher=Antilia |year=1998 |isbn=8416460019 |language=es |author-link=:es:Arturo Franco Taboada| url = https://www.google.com/books/edition/Los_or%C3%ADgenes_de_Compostela/ojCcIiC7P3IC?hl=en&gbpv=1| page = 30}}</ref>--> |
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| ⚫ | Traditionally, it is believed that the location of the forest is where the {{ill|Oak grove of Santa Susana|gl|Carballeira de Santa Susana}} is located,<ref name="Jael Joyas">{{cite web |title=The Carballeira of Santa Susana |url=https://issuu.com/jael_joyeria/docs/revista_jael_joyas_de_galicia_15_e879579bae409e/94 |website=Revista Jael Joyas de Galicia 16 |page=94 |date=2019-07-04}}</ref> a hill in Santiago de Compostela that is part of the {{ill|Parque da Alameda de Santiago de Compostela|gl|Alameda de Santiago de Compostela}}, between {{ill|Paseo da Alameda de Santiago de Compostela|gl||lt=Paseo da Alameda}} and {{ill|Paseo da Ferradura|gl}}.<ref name="PA">{{cite web| url =http://www.santiagoturismo.com/parques-e-xardins/parque-da-alameda | title = Parque de la Alameda | work = Turismo de Santiago | language = es}}</ref><ref name=SEC>{{cite web | title = Alameda de Santiago de Compostela |url= http://www.cameliagalicia.com/santiago.html |date=2018-07-24| work = Sociedad Española de la Camelia |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180724192455/http://www.cameliagalicia.com/santiago.html |archive-date= July 24, 2018 | language = es}}.</ref> |
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{{seealso|Santiago de Compostela Cathedral }} |
{{seealso|Santiago de Compostela Cathedral }} |
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Revision as of 22:13, 19 July 2023
Libredón was a forest, sometimes also described as a mountain, near Santiago de Compostela that according to legend, is where the body of Saint James was laid to rest. There is a belief that the location of the forest was located at the Oak grove of Santa Susana, a hill in Santiago de Compostela that is part of the Parque da Alameda de Santiago de Compostela.
Background
The legend surrounding the life of the apostle says that Saint James preached the gospel in Hispania as well as in the Holy Land; after returning to Israel he was martyred at the orders of Herod Agrippa. His disciples carried his body by sea to Hispania, where they landed at Padrón on the coast of Galicia.[1]
In 1139, in Book III: Transfer of the body to Santiago in the Codex Calixtinus, describes the journey of Theodore and Athanasius,[2] the disciples of Saint James, as they moved his body from Padrón in a cart pulled by oxen to the Libredón forest (previously Liberum Donum), where he was buried.[3] The journey is also described in stories involving Queen Lupa.[4]
The place was forgotten until, in the 9th century, Pelagius the Hermit saw some lights that illuminated the forest. He advised Theodemir, bishop of Iria Flavia. They found a small chapel with an altar and a crypt (the Aca Marmarica) in which there were three tombs, that of Santiago and that of his two disciples. He informed the king of Galicia, Alfonso the Chaste, who traveled from Oviedo along what is called the Camino Primitivo, to verify that the bones corresponded to those of the apostle. King Alfonso II ordered the construction of a chapel on the site.[5]
Traditionally, it is believed that the location of the forest is where the Oak grove of Santa Susana is located,[6] a hill in Santiago de Compostela that is part of the Parque da Alameda de Santiago de Compostela, between Paseo da Alameda and Paseo da Ferradura.[7][8]
See also
References
- ^ Esparza, Daniel (October 25, 2021). "Two Jameses and a confusion of relics in Compostela". Aleteia.
- ^ Gitlitz & Davidson 2000, p. xiv.
- ^ Gitlitz, David M.; Davidson, Linda Kay (2000). The Pilgrimage Road to Santiago: The Complete Cultural Handbook. St Martin's Press. p. vii. ISBN 0-312-25416-4.
- ^ "The Jacobean Legend of Queen Lupa". TranslatioMedia. Retrieved March 26, 2023.
- ^ Portela Silva, E. (2003). Historia de la ciudad de Santiago de Compostela. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. p. 54. ISBN 8497501373.
- ^ "The Carballeira of Santa Susana". Revista Jael Joyas de Galicia 16. July 4, 2019. p. 94.
- ^ "Parque de la Alameda". Turismo de Santiago (in Spanish).
- ^ "Alameda de Santiago de Compostela". Sociedad Española de la Camelia (in Spanish). July 24, 2018. Archived from the original on July 24, 2018..