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[[Image:Packagedsoftwareatretail.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Starting in the 1980s, application software has been sold in mass-produced packages through retailers]]
[[Image:Packagedsoftwareatretail.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Starting in the 1980s, application software has been sold in mass-produced packages through retailers]]


'''Software industry''' is a term used to describe the group of businesses involved in the [[software development|development]] and maintenance of [[computer software]]. The software industry started in the mid-1970s at the time of the personal computer revolution. The industry also includes software [[service]]s, such as training and consultancy.
The '''software industry''' compromises of businesses involved in the [[software development|development]], maintenance and [[software publisher|publication]] of [[computer software]]. The software industry started in the mid-1970s at the time of the personal computer revolution. The industry also includes software [[service]]s, such as training and consultancy. The largest and most profitable of software companies are located in the [[United States]]. As of 2006, the software industry is dominated by [[Microsoft]]. [[Software Magazine]]'s 500 list in 2005 shows the total amount of revenue brought in by software companies per locale, with the highest being [[California]] due to [[Silicon Valley]] and the amount of [[Fortune 500]] software companies residing in that area. <ref>[http://www.softwaremag.com/SW500/index.cfm?StartRow=1&RowsPer=50&BusCat_Search=&PrimBus_Search=&PrimBusCat_Search=&RankSort=ASC&CompSort=&trk=n&id=5 Software Magazine 500] (2005)</ref>


== Overview ==
There are mainly two types of businesses in the software industry; those developing [[proprietary]] software such as [[Microsoft]], and those developing [[open source]] software. Developing proprietary software is costly and involves software licensing and the need to protect the software from [[cracking]] and [[piracy]].
There are mainly two types of businesses in the software industry; those developing [[proprietary]] software such as [[Microsoft]], and those developing [[open source]] software. Developing proprietary software is costly and involves software licensing and the need to protect the software from [[cracking]] and [[piracy]].


The main financial return on open source comes from selling services, such as training and support, rather than the software itself. Many contributors to open source software (especially those developing software tools) also feel that there is a significant long-term return in the form of improved resources and capabilities within the software industry.
The main financial return on open source comes from selling services, such as training and support, rather than the software itself. Many contributors to open source software (especially those developing software tools) also feel that there is a significant long-term return in the form of improved resources and capabilities within the software industry. Despite doing much business in properietary software, some companies like [[Sun Microsystems]] and [[IBM]] participate in developing free and open source software to deter from [[monopoly|monopolies]] and take a portion of their [[market share]]. [[Netscape]]'s actions are an example of this, and thus [[Firefox]] has become more popular.


== Practices ==
Despite doing much business in properietary software, some companies like [[Sun Microsystems]] and [[IBM]] participate in developing free and open source software to deter from [[monopoly|monopolies]] and take a portion of their [[market share]]. [[Netscape]]'s actions are an example of this, and thus [[Firefox]] has become more popular.


=== Freeware ===
The largest and most profitable of software companies are located in the [[United States]]. As of 2006, the software industry is dominated by [[Microsoft]].
[[Freeware]] is [[copyright]]ed computer [[software]] which is made available for use free of charge, for an unlimited time, as opposed to [[shareware]] where the user is required to pay (e.g. after some trial period or for additional fuctionality). Authors of freeware often want to "give something to the community", but also want credit for their software and to retain control of its future development. Sometimes when programmers decide to stop developing a freeware product, they will give the source code to another programmer or release the product's source code to the public as [[free software]].


=== Shareware===
This table, derived from the Software Magazine 500 for 2005 [http://www.softwaremag.com/SW500/index.cfm?StartRow=1&RowsPer=50&BusCat_Search=&PrimBus_Search=&PrimBusCat_Search=&RankSort=ASC&CompSort=&trk=n&id=5] shows the total amount of revenue brought by software and [[software company|software services companies]], per locale.
[[Shareware]] is a [[marketing]] method for [[computer software]]. Shareware software is typically obtained free of charge, either by downloading from the Internet or on magazine cover-disks. A user tries out the program, and thus shareware has also been known as "try before you buy". A shareware program is accompanied by a request for payment, and the software's distribution license often requires such a payment.


=== Open source ===
{| class="wikitable"
[[Open source]] describes the principles and methodologies to promote open access to the '''production''' and '''design''' process for various goods, products, resources and technical [[conclusions]] or advice. The term is most commonly applied to the [[source code]] of [[software]] that is made available to the general public with either relaxed or non-existent [[intellectual property]] restrictions. This allows users to create [[user generated content|user-generated software content]] through either incremental individual effort, or [[collaboration]].
!Location

!Total Revenue<BR>Millions of [[United States dollar|US$]]
=== Commercial ===
<TR><TD>CA</TD><TD>111836.8</TD></TR>
Commercial software is [[computer software]] sold for [[commerce|commercial]] purposes or that serves commercial purposes. Commercial software is most often [[proprietary software]], but [[free software]] is also used as commercial software.<ref>[[Free Software Foundation]]. ''Categories of Free and Non-Free Software''.[http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/categories.html]</ref> All or parts of software packages and services that support commerce are increasingly made available as [[free software]], including products from [[RedHat]], [[Apple Computer]], [[Sun Microsystems]], and [[Google]]. The [[Microsoft Corporation]] uses "commercial software", rather than "proprietary software", to describe their [[business model]].<ref>http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/exec/craig/05-03sharedsource.mspx</ref>
<TR><TD>NY</TD><TD>101485.1</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>TX</TD><TD>40606.1</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>WA</TD><TD>34744.5</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>MA</TD><TD>19524.9</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>PA</TD><TD>18470.0</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>NJ</TD><TD>9141.3</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>MD</TD><TD>8564.9</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>MO</TD><TD>5486.0</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>WI</TD><TD>3729.7</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>VA</TD><TD>3553.3</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>NC</TD><TD>3497.9</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>IL</TD><TD>3490.2</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>OH</TD><TD>3404.1</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>FL</TD><TD>3350.4</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>GA</TD><TD>2835.0</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>CO</TD><TD>2522.9</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>MN</TD><TD>1483.3</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>MI</TD><TD>1305.7</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>AR</TD><TD>1225.9</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>OR</TD><TD>716.8</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Japan</TD><TD>603.7</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>AL</TD><TD>573.3</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>England</TD><TD>550.3</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>VT</TD><TD>520.7</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Canada</TD><TD>498.7</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>AZ</TD><TD>388.6</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>NH</TD><TD>296.6</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>NE</TD><TD>292.8</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>UT</TD><TD>247.6</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>SC</TD><TD>201.5</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>CT</TD><TD>102.4</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>MT</TD><TD>61.8</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>IN</TD><TD>55.1</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>IA</TD><TD>51.1</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>ID</TD><TD>47.3</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>KY</TD><TD>43.7</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>NV</TD><TD>23.1</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>BC</TD><TD>15.8</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>OK</TD><TD>10.4</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>NB</TD><TD>7.8</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>KS</TD><TD>7.6</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Germany</TD><TD>4.4</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>ND</TD><TD>2.1</TD></TR>
|}


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Personal Computer]]
*[[Software]]
*[[Software]]
*[[Software development]]
*[[Software development]]
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*[[Software engineering]]
*[[Software engineering]]
*[[Software engineering economics]]
*[[Software engineering economics]]

==References==
<div class="references-small"><references/></div>


==External links==
==External links==
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[[Category:Business]]
[[Category:Business]]
[[Category:Information technology]]
[[Category:Information technology]]



{{software-stub}}
{{software-stub}}

Revision as of 20:03, 11 April 2007


File:Packagedsoftwareatretail.jpg
Starting in the 1980s, application software has been sold in mass-produced packages through retailers

The software industry compromises of businesses involved in the development, maintenance and publication of computer software. The software industry started in the mid-1970s at the time of the personal computer revolution. The industry also includes software services, such as training and consultancy. The largest and most profitable of software companies are located in the United States. As of 2006, the software industry is dominated by Microsoft. Software Magazine's 500 list in 2005 shows the total amount of revenue brought in by software companies per locale, with the highest being California due to Silicon Valley and the amount of Fortune 500 software companies residing in that area. [1]

Overview

There are mainly two types of businesses in the software industry; those developing proprietary software such as Microsoft, and those developing open source software. Developing proprietary software is costly and involves software licensing and the need to protect the software from cracking and piracy.

The main financial return on open source comes from selling services, such as training and support, rather than the software itself. Many contributors to open source software (especially those developing software tools) also feel that there is a significant long-term return in the form of improved resources and capabilities within the software industry. Despite doing much business in properietary software, some companies like Sun Microsystems and IBM participate in developing free and open source software to deter from monopolies and take a portion of their market share. Netscape's actions are an example of this, and thus Firefox has become more popular.

Practices

Freeware

Freeware is copyrighted computer software which is made available for use free of charge, for an unlimited time, as opposed to shareware where the user is required to pay (e.g. after some trial period or for additional fuctionality). Authors of freeware often want to "give something to the community", but also want credit for their software and to retain control of its future development. Sometimes when programmers decide to stop developing a freeware product, they will give the source code to another programmer or release the product's source code to the public as free software.

Shareware

Shareware is a marketing method for computer software. Shareware software is typically obtained free of charge, either by downloading from the Internet or on magazine cover-disks. A user tries out the program, and thus shareware has also been known as "try before you buy". A shareware program is accompanied by a request for payment, and the software's distribution license often requires such a payment.

Open source

Open source describes the principles and methodologies to promote open access to the production and design process for various goods, products, resources and technical conclusions or advice. The term is most commonly applied to the source code of software that is made available to the general public with either relaxed or non-existent intellectual property restrictions. This allows users to create user-generated software content through either incremental individual effort, or collaboration.

Commercial

Commercial software is computer software sold for commercial purposes or that serves commercial purposes. Commercial software is most often proprietary software, but free software is also used as commercial software.[2] All or parts of software packages and services that support commerce are increasingly made available as free software, including products from RedHat, Apple Computer, Sun Microsystems, and Google. The Microsoft Corporation uses "commercial software", rather than "proprietary software", to describe their business model.[3]

See also

References

  1. ^ Software Magazine 500 (2005)
  2. ^ Free Software Foundation. Categories of Free and Non-Free Software.[1]
  3. ^ http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/exec/craig/05-03sharedsource.mspx
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