Buju Banton

Buju Banton

Buju Banton (born Mark Anthony Myrie on July 15, 1973) is a Jamaican dancehall, ragga, and reggae musician.

Biography

Buju Banton was born near Kingston, Jamaica in a poor neighborhood called Salt Lane. "Buju" is a nickname given to chubby children which means Breadfruit. The name is ironic in light of Mark Myrie's slim frame, but it is, nevertheless, the nickname his mother gave him as a child. "Banton" is a Jamaican word referring to someone with a superior attitude and a gift with speech, but it was also the name of a local artist Burro Banton that Buju admired as a child. It was Burro's rough gravelly vocals that Buju emulated and ultimately made his own. Buju's mother was a higgler, or street vendor, while his father worked as a labourer at a tile factory. He was one of fifteen children born into a family which was directly descended from the Maroons, a group of escaped slaves who proudly fought off the British colonialists. He is the uncle of successful singer Sean Kingston.

As a youngster, Buju would often watch his favorite artists perform at outdoor shows and local dancehalls. At the tender age of 12 he picked up the microphone for himself and began toasting under the monicker of "Gargamel". His first single, "The Ruler" was released not long afterwards in 1987 under the production of Robert French.

Career

File:Buju Banton Inna Heights.jpg

Inna Heights album cover, Original Release Date: November 25, 1997

In 1991, Buju joined Donovan Germain's Penthouse Label and began a fruitful partnership with producer Dave Kelly who later launched his own Madhouse Records label. Buju is one of the most popular musicians in Jamaican history, having burst onto the charts there suddenly in 1992, with "Bogle" and "Love me Browning", both massive hits in Jamaica. Controversy erupted over Love Me Browning which spoke of Banton's preference for light-skinned women: "Mi love mi car mi love mi house mi love mi money and ting, but most of all mi love mi browning." Some accused Banton of promoting a colonialist attitude and denigrating the beauty of black women. In response, he released "Black Women" which spoke of his love for dark-skinned beauties: "Mi nuh Stop cry, fi all black woman, respect all the girls dem with dark complexion." 1992 was an explosive year for Buju as he broke the great Bob Marley's record for the greatest number of number one singles in a year. Beginning with "Man fi Dead", Buju's gruff voice dominated the Jamaican airwaves for the duration of the year. Banton's debut album, Mr. Mention, includes his greatest hits from that year. 1992 saw the release of the the song "Boom Bye Bye" that advocated the killing and torturing of gay people.

Banton released the hard-hitting Voice of Jamaica in 1993. The album included a number of conscious tracks. These tracks included "Deportees" a song which criticized those Jamaicans who went abroad but never sent money home, a remix of Little Roy's "Tribal War," a sharp condemnation of political violence, and "Willy, Don't Be Silly" which promoted condom use.

Late in 1994, Buju was affected by the death of his friend Garnett Silk. This was compounded by the violent deaths of a number of dancehall artists that year. Buju embraced The Rastafari Movement and started to grow dreadlocks. His performances and musical releases took on a more spiritual tone, and he issued calls renouncing violence. One of such calls can be heard on the classic "Murderer" later released on his biggest international seller 'Til Shiloh.

Til Shiloh (1995) was a very influential album, using a studio band instead of synthesized music, and marking a slight shift away from dancehall towards roots reggae for Banton. Buju claimed to have adopted Rastafarianism and his new album reflected his new beliefs. Til Shiloh successfully blended conscious lyrics with a hard-hitting dancehall vibe. The album included a single called "Murderer" which condemned the violence in Jamaican dancehall music, inspired by the murders of dancehall musicians Panhead and Dirtsman. The song inspired several clubs to stop playing songs with excessively violent subject matter. Untold Stories revealed an entirely different Buju Banton from the one that had stormed to dancehall stardom. It is regarded by many as some of his best work, and is a staple in the Banton performance repertoire. Reminiscient in mood and delivery to Redemption Song by Bob Marley, Untold Stories won Buju Banton many favorable comparisons to the late singer. This conscious album had a large impact on dancehall music and showed the hunger the dancehall massive had for conscious lyrics. Dancehall music did not move away from slack and violent lyrics, but the album did pave the way for a greater spirituality within the music. In the wake of Buju's transformation to Rastafarianism, many artists, such as Capleton, converted to the faith and started to denounce violence.

Inna Heights (1997) substantially increased Banton's international audience as Buju explored his singing ability and recorded a number of roots-tinged tracks. Banton covered the Silvertones' "Destiny" and recorded songs with such artists as Beres Hammond and the legendary Toots Hibbert. The album was well-received but had distribution problems. Also, some fans were disappointed, having hoped for another ground-breaking album like "Til Shiloh." Still, Buju's experimentation and soaring vocals impressed many fans and this album remains a highly regarded work.

In 1998, Buju met the punk band Rancid and recorded three tracks with them: "Misty Days", "Hooligans" and "Life Won't Wait." The latter became the title track of Rancid's 1998 album, Life Won't Wait. Subsequently, Buju signed with Anti- Records, a subsidiary of Brett Gurewitz's Epitaph records, and released Unchained Spirit in 2000. The album showcases the most diverse aspects of Buju Banton. It carried little of the roots feel heard on Til Shiloh and also virtually none of the hardcore driving sound that had brought him to public acclaim early in his career. It was a departure that many fans felt uncomfortable with. By now, however, he had been enshrined in the minds of reggae lovers as one of the most notable artists of his time, and seemed to have earned the right to some artistic freedom.

Several singles followed in the start of the new decade, mostly without the trademark spitfire delivery typical of dancehall, but displaying Banton's talent for a mellower more introspective approach. In March 2003 he released Friends for Life, which featured more sharply political songs, including "Mr. Nine," an anti-gun song that further verified his status as one of reggae's most socially aware artists. The album has a strong political message for the African Diaspora and features excerpts from a speech made by Marcus Garvey. Paid Not Played is included and shows his gradual return to the themes more popular in dancehall. The album also featured some hip-hop influence with the inclusion of Fat Joe.

Too Bad was released in September of 2006. The pure dancehall album shows a clear return to basics. Banton amassed a number of edgy chart-toppers in the recent past and includes them almost as a reminder of the stuff that made him who he is. The most danceable Banton album since Mr. Mention, Too Bad features an unapologetic Buju over hard driving dancehall beats exuding the full essence of dancehall. The title track Too Bad was one in a tidal wave of releases that reestablished Buju as a prominent hit-maker on the hardcore scene. Buju Banton is currently on a promotional tour for the album.

The album Rasta Got Soul, rumored to be a more introspective use of his talent was widely anticipated even prior to the release of Too Bad. The tune Magic City has been an underground hit for Banton, and displays a very musically mature artist. Expectations for the release of this work run high in the reggae community. The album will be released in 2007/2008.

He performed at the Cricket World Cup 2007 Opening Ceremony with Third World and Beres Hammond.

In 2008 he did a Soca collaboration "Wining Season (remix)" with Machel Montano of Trinidad and Tobago on Machel's album Flame on.

Buju is scheduled to perform in Miami, Florida on Memorial Day weekend in the Best of the Best reggae concert.

Controversies

Cannabis cultivation

On April 5 2004 Banton was fined the equivalent of US$9000 for the possession and cultivation of cannabis after 2 mature marijuana plants were discovered growing at his studio in December 2003. He defended himself by stating that he just came from a long tour and found the plants there. [1].

Homophobia

Buju Banton has made inflammatory statements against homosexuals at his live concerts, including remarks such as "There is no end to the war between me and faggot," persisting despite criticism.

In July 2004, the Guardian Unlimited published an article, claiming that Jamaican police were seeking Banton after an armed attack on gay men in Kingston. According to the published article, Banton was allegedly one of a group of about a dozen armed men who forced their way into a house in Kingston on the morning of June 24 and beat the occupants while shouting anti-gay slogans and insults, according to the victims, two of whom were taken to the hospital.

On October 1, 2005 Banton appeared in Court and had his $50,000 bail extended. According to the Jamaica Observer, he had appeared in court with his attorney to have his bail conditions altered to allow him to work. He had previously been required to report to the Constant Spring Police Station three times weekly, the Magistrate reduced this to once per week. He plead not guilty to the charge.

On January 16, 2006 Banton was acquitted of all charges related to the alleged assault.

The July 23, 2007 Guardian Unlimited reported that Banton was among a number of reggae artists who signed a pledge to refrain from performing homophobic songs or making homophobic statements. The agreement was brokered by the London-based Stop Murder Music group, whose protests against Banton and the other artists anti-gay lyrics had resulted in numerous concert cancellations and lost sponsorships. However subsequent reports dispute whether Banton actually did reach an agreement with the groups.

Discography

Studio albums

• 1992: Stamina Daddy (later repackaged as Quick)
• 1993: Mr. Mention
• 1993: Voice of Jamaica
• 1995: 'Til Shiloh
• 1997: Inna Heights
• 2000: Unchained Spirit
• 2003: Friends for Life
• 2006: Too Bad

Compilations

• 2000: Rude Boys in the Ghetto
• 2000: Dubbing with the Banton
• 2001: Ultimate Collection
• 2001: The Best of the Early Years: 1990-1995
• 2002: Want It
• 2002: The Best of Buju Banton
• 2004: Buju and Friends
• 2005: Gonna Bring You
• 2006: Top of the Top and Dirty Rhythms
• 2006: 20th Century Masters - The Millennium Collection: The Best of Buju Banton

Singles

Boom Bye Bye

External links

• Buju Banton Website
• Buju's official myspace page
• discogs.com entry
• Realvibez.com: Buju Banton music videos