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'''[[Captain (nautical)|Captain]] Robert Abram Bartlett''' ([[August 15]], [[1875]] - [[April 28]], [[1946]]) was a [[Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland]] navigator and [[Arctic]] explorer of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
'''[[Captain (nautical)|Captain]] Robert Abram Bartlett''' ([[August 15]], [[1875]] - [[April 28]], [[1946]]) was a [[Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland]] navigator and [[Arctic]] explorer of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

==Biography==
Born in [[Brigus, Newfoundland and Labrador|Brigus]], [[Colony of Newfoundland|Newfoundland]], Bartlett was the eldest of ten children born to William James Bartlett and Mary J. Leamon, and heir to a family tradition of seafaring. By the age of 17, he mastered his first ship and began a life-long love affair with the Arctic. Bartlett spent more than 50 years mapping and exploring the waters of the Far North and led over 40 expeditions to the Arctic, more than anyone before or since.

Bartlett was captain of the ''Roosevelt'' and accompanied Commander [[Robert Peary]] on his attempts to reach the [[North Pole]]. He was awarded the [[Hubbard Medal]] of the [[National Geographic Society]] for breaking the trail through the frozen [[Arctic Sea]] to within 130 miles of the pole, yet was excluded from the final exploring party (possibly due to a rivalry between the two men).<ref name="trueadventure">{{cite book |last=West |first=James E. |authorlink=James E. West (Scouting) |coauthors= |title=The Boy Scouts Book of True Adventure |year=1931 |publisher=Putnam |location=New York |oclc=8484128}}</ref> Bartlett took a ship and was the first person to sail north of 88° N.

In 1914, Bartlett’s leadership in the doomed [[Karluk (ship)|''Karluk'' Expedition]] helped save the lives of most of its stranded participants after leader [[Vilhjalmur Stefansson]] abandoned the expedition. After being stranded on [[Wrangel Island]] for several months, Bartlett walked 700 miles over the ice of the [[Chukchi Sea]] and across [[Siberia]] and then mounted an expedition from [[Alaska]] to rescue his surviving companions from Wrangel Island. He received the highest award from the [[Royal Geographical Society]] for his outstanding heroism.

In 1917, Bartlett rescued the members of [[Donald Baxter MacMillan]]'s ill-fated [[Crocker Land Expedition]], who had been stuck on the ice for four years. <ref>The Province Town Banner (7 Feb 2008) [http://www.provincetownbanner.com/article/_/26035/History/4/18/2002]</ref>

From 1925-1945, at the command of his own schooner, the ''[[Effie M. Morrissey]]'', Bartlett led many important scientific expeditions to the [[Arctic]] sponsored by American museums, the [[Explorers Club]] and the [[National Geographic Society]], and he also helped to survey the Arctic for the [[United States Government]] during [[World War II]].

Bartlett died in a [[New York]] hospital from [[pneumonia]] and was buried in his hometown of [[Brigus, Newfoundland and Labrador]]. [[Hawthorne Cottage]], Bartlett's place of residence in Brigus, is a [[National Historic Site]]. Author [[Eric Walters]] documented some of the aspects of his journey to find Arctic islands in the historical-fiction novel, "Trapped in Ice".

[[Image:Bob bartlett.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Captain Robert Bartlett]]

==Awards and honors==
In 1909, Bartlett was awarded the [[Hubbard Medal]] by the National Geographic Society which is awarded for distinction in exploration, discovery, and research. In 1927, the [[Boy Scouts of America]] made Bartlett an ''Honorary Scout'', a new category of Scout created that same year. This distinction was given to "American citizens whose achievements in outdoor activity, exploration and worthwhile adventure are of such an exceptional character as to capture the imagination of boys...". Among others who were awarded this distinction were included [[Richard E. Byrd]], [[Charles Lindbergh]], and [[Orville Wright]]. <ref name="time29aug1927">{{cite journal |last= |first= |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1927 |month=August 29 |title=Around the World |journal=[[Time (magazine)]] |volume= |issue= |pages= |id= |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,723029,00.html |accessdate= 2007-10-24 |quote= }}</ref>

He was awarded an Honorary Fellowship from the [[American Geographical Society]] in 1918, and its [[Charles Patrick Daly#Honors|Daly Medal]] in 1925.<ref name="amergeog">{{cite web|url=http://www.amergeog.org/honorslist.pdf|title=American Geographical Society Honorary Fellowships|publisher=amergeog.org|accessdate=2009-03-02}}</ref>

The Canadian Coast Guard vessel [[CCGS Bartlett|CCGS ''Bartlett'']] is named for Bartlett.

==Further reading==
* Harold Horwood, ''Bartlett, The Great Explorer'', Toronto: Doubleday, 1977.
* Robert A. Bartlett. ''The Last Voyage of the Karluk.'' Boston: Small, Maynard, 1916.
* Jennifer Niven. ''The Ice Master: The Doomed 1913 Voyage of the Karluk and the Miraculous Rescue of her Survivors.'' New York: Hyperion, 2000.
* Robert A. Bartlett. ''The Log of Bob Bartlett.'' St. John's: Flankers, 2006 (reprint).

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.historicsites.ca/hawthorne.html World-renowned Arctic navigator Captain Bob Bartlett] Historic Sites Association of Newfoundland & Labrador - The Story of Captain Bob Bartlett & his home in Brigus, Nfld, Canada
* [http://www.cookpolar.org/karluk.htm The Karluk expedition, Bartlett was a hero, Stefansson was not] ''by Ralph M. Myerson''
*[http://www.collectionscanada.ca/2/6/h6-206-e.html Robert Bartlett] Government of Canada
*[http://www.ccg-gcc.gc.ca/usque-ad-mare/chapter10-07_e.htm Robert Bartlett] Canadian Coast Guard
*[http://www.bowdoin.edu/arctic-museum/biographies/bartlett.shtml Robert Bartlett] Arctic Museum
*[http://www.ernestina.org/history/1914.html History of the Schooner ''Effie M. Morrissey'' with pictures]
*[http://www.jenniferniven.com/?act=ice Website of Jennifer Niven, author of ''Ice Master'']
*[http://www.explorenorth.com/library/weekly/aa120800a.htm Review of ''Ice Master'']
*[http://www.bartlett2009.com/ Bartlett 2009] Captain Robert Bartlett celebrations in Brigus, 2009

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bartlett, Robert}}
[[Category:Explorers of the Arctic]]
[[Category:Explorers of Canada]]
[[Category:Chukchi Sea]]
[[Category:1875 births]]
[[Category:1946 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Newfoundland]]
[[Category:Pre-Confederation Newfoundland and Labrador people]]

[[es:Robert Bartlett]]
[[fr:Robert Bartlett]]
[[gl:Robert Bartlett]]

Revision as of 19:40, 13 March 2009

For other uses, see Robert Bartlett (disambiguation).
Capt. Robert Bartlett
Born15 August, 1875
Brigus, Newfoundland
Died28 April, 1946
New York City
NationalityNewfoundlander
Occupation(s)Explorer, navigator
TitleCaptain
Parent(s)William James Bartlett, Mary J. Leamon

Captain Robert Abram Bartlett (August 15, 1875 - April 28, 1946) was a Newfoundland navigator and Arctic explorer of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Biography

Born in Brigus, Newfoundland, Bartlett was the eldest of ten children born to William James Bartlett and Mary J. Leamon, and heir to a family tradition of seafaring. By the age of 17, he mastered his first ship and began a life-long love affair with the Arctic. Bartlett spent more than 50 years mapping and exploring the waters of the Far North and led over 40 expeditions to the Arctic, more than anyone before or since.

Bartlett was captain of the Roosevelt and accompanied Commander Robert Peary on his attempts to reach the North Pole. He was awarded the Hubbard Medal of the National Geographic Society for breaking the trail through the frozen Arctic Sea to within 130 miles of the pole, yet was excluded from the final exploring party (possibly due to a rivalry between the two men).[1] Bartlett took a ship and was the first person to sail north of 88° N.

In 1914, Bartlett’s leadership in the doomed Karluk Expedition helped save the lives of most of its stranded participants after leader Vilhjalmur Stefansson abandoned the expedition. After being stranded on Wrangel Island for several months, Bartlett walked 700 miles over the ice of the Chukchi Sea and across Siberia and then mounted an expedition from Alaska to rescue his surviving companions from Wrangel Island. He received the highest award from the Royal Geographical Society for his outstanding heroism.

In 1917, Bartlett rescued the members of Donald Baxter MacMillan's ill-fated Crocker Land Expedition, who had been stuck on the ice for four years. [2]

From 1925-1945, at the command of his own schooner, the Effie M. Morrissey, Bartlett led many important scientific expeditions to the Arctic sponsored by American museums, the Explorers Club and the National Geographic Society, and he also helped to survey the Arctic for the United States Government during World War II.

Bartlett died in a New York hospital from pneumonia and was buried in his hometown of Brigus, Newfoundland and Labrador. Hawthorne Cottage, Bartlett's place of residence in Brigus, is a National Historic Site. Author Eric Walters documented some of the aspects of his journey to find Arctic islands in the historical-fiction novel, "Trapped in Ice".

Captain Robert Bartlett

Awards and honors

In 1909, Bartlett was awarded the Hubbard Medal by the National Geographic Society which is awarded for distinction in exploration, discovery, and research. In 1927, the Boy Scouts of America made Bartlett an Honorary Scout, a new category of Scout created that same year. This distinction was given to "American citizens whose achievements in outdoor activity, exploration and worthwhile adventure are of such an exceptional character as to capture the imagination of boys...". Among others who were awarded this distinction were included Richard E. Byrd, Charles Lindbergh, and Orville Wright. [3]

He was awarded an Honorary Fellowship from the American Geographical Society in 1918, and its Daly Medal in 1925.[4]

The Canadian Coast Guard vessel CCGS Bartlett is named for Bartlett.

Further reading

  • Harold Horwood, Bartlett, The Great Explorer, Toronto: Doubleday, 1977.
  • Robert A. Bartlett. The Last Voyage of the Karluk. Boston: Small, Maynard, 1916.
  • Jennifer Niven. The Ice Master: The Doomed 1913 Voyage of the Karluk and the Miraculous Rescue of her Survivors. New York: Hyperion, 2000.
  • Robert A. Bartlett. The Log of Bob Bartlett. St. John's: Flankers, 2006 (reprint).

References

  1. ^ West, James E. (1931). The Boy Scouts Book of True Adventure. New York: Putnam. OCLC 8484128. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  2. ^ The Province Town Banner (7 Feb 2008) [1]
  3. ^ "Around the World". Time (magazine). 1927. Retrieved 2007-10-24. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ^ "American Geographical Society Honorary Fellowships" (PDF). amergeog.org. Retrieved 2009-03-02.
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