Distomo: Difference between revisions
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| align="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Municipality of Distomo'''<br>'''''Δήμος Δίστομου'''''<br>'''''Dimos Distomou'''</font><!-- |
| align="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="#d3d3d3"|<font size="4">'''Municipality of Distomo'''<br>'''''Δήμος Δίστομου'''''<br>'''''Dimos Distomou'''</font><!-- |
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| Website: || [http://www.distomo.gr www.distomo.gr] |
| Website: || [http://www.distomo.gr www.distomo.gr] |
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|[[Image:Distomo_logo.jpg|thumb|right|Official Town Emblem]] |
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==History== |
==History== |
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[[Image:Distomo.jpg|400px|right|Distomo Memorial. Photo by John Nicholas Schweitzer 17 April 2007]] |
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On 10 July 1944, Distomo was the venue for a [[collective punishment]] policy by the Germans. Collective punishment on civilians constitutes a war crime. It was meant as "retribution" for the previous death of three Germans at the hands of local guerrillas, even though the villagers had no relation to the guerrillas. |
On 10 July 1944, Distomo was the venue for a [[collective punishment]] policy by the Germans. Collective punishment on civilians constitutes a war crime. It was meant as "retribution" for the previous death of three Germans at the hands of local guerrillas, even though the villagers had no relation to the guerrillas. |
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The population dropped dramatically by 60% between 1981 and 1991. The decline has slowed down in subsequent years (between 1991 and 2001). |
The population dropped dramatically by 60% between 1981 and 1991. The decline has slowed down in subsequent years (between 1991 and 2001). |
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==Other== |
==Other== |
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Revision as of 22:38, 9 June 2009
- "Distomo" may also refer to a work by Federico García Lorca
38°26′N 22°40′E / 38.433°N 22.667°E
| Municipality of Distomo Δήμος Δίστομου Dimos Distomou | |
| Statistics | |
|---|---|
| Prefecture: | Viotia |
| Province: | - |
| Number of municipal districts: | 2 (see below) |
| Location: Latitude: Longitude: |
39.426 (39° 25' 37") N 22.671667 (22° 40' 4") E |
| Population: (2001) - -Town -Municipal district -Percent of the municipality -Percent of the prefecture |
2,048 3,250 4,368 46.89% 3.33% |
| Altitude: -lowest: -centre: |
Gulf of Corinth 218 m about 2,000 m |
| Postal code: | GR-320 05 |
| Area/distance code: | 11-(00)30-26940 |
| Car designation: | BI
|
| Website: | www.distomo.gr |
 | |
Distomo (Greek, Modern: Δίστομο), older forms: Distomon is a municipality in the Boeotia Prefecture, Greece. Population 4,368 (2001). It is located 180 km west of Athens, 25 km west of Livadeia, 15 km south of Desfina and east of Delphi and Itea and southeast of Amfissa. It borders to the west with the prefecture of Fokida. It is accessible via the short GR-29 (Arachova - Distomo).
Distomo is known as the site of the massacre that was perpetrated by the German army against the local inhabitants during the Second World War.
One of the most important monuments of Byzantine architecture, the monastery of Hosios Loukas, is situated close to Distomo.
The municipality is small and only includes two villages and two settlements. The western part of the municipality is uninhabited, the land being barren, rocky grasslands unsuitable for agriculture.
Distomo is one of the major aluminum mining towns in Greece (see Aluminum in Greece). It provides aluminum throughout the country as well as exporting to Southern Europe. Other industries include agriculture and services.
Nearest places
- Steirio
- Distomo Beach/Paralia Distomou, south
- Desfina, west
Subdivisions
Municipal districts
- Distomo
- Steirio
Population
| Year | Municipal population | Change | Municipal district population |
Percent of the municipal district |
Municipal population | Percent of the municipality | Percent of the prefecture |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1981 | 5,604 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1991 | 2,156 | -3,448 or -61.53% | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2001 | 2,048 | -108 or -5.01% | 3,350 | 61.13% | 4,368 | 46.89% | 3.33% |
History
On 10 July 1944, Distomo was the venue for a collective punishment policy by the Germans. Collective punishment on civilians constitutes a war crime. It was meant as "retribution" for the previous death of three Germans at the hands of local guerrillas, even though the villagers had no relation to the guerrillas.
The 4th SS-Polizei-Panzergrenadier-Division perpetrated grave crimes with superiors encouraging the soldiers. Among them ripping out the intestines of a baby and splattering them on a close relative.
Decades later, a Greek court awarded restitution to Greek victims, but the German government pressed Greece politically to nullify that decision.
To enforce the decision by the Greek court, this case was brought before an Italian court, Greece being unwilling to enforce their own decisions. The judges awarded the plaintiffs the Villa Vigoni in Menaggio, Italy, a German government-sponsored nonprofit foundation. The German government appealed a decision by the Italian supreme civil court for restitutions at the International Criminal Court.
After World War II and the Greek Civil War, the whole town was rebuilt by the mid to late 1950s. The village population boomed and aluminum was mined later on producing a part of its economy.
The population dropped dramatically by 60% between 1981 and 1991. The decline has slowed down in subsequent years (between 1991 and 2001).
Other
Distomo has schools, a few lyceums (middle schools), and its gymnasium (secondary school), churches, and a square (plateia). It also has schools across the municipality as well as one in Steirio.
See also
External links
- Official website
- Distomo on GTP Travel Pages
- Map and aerial photos:
- Street map information from: Mapquest, LiveLocal or Google orYahoo! Maps
- Satellite images: Google or Microsoft Virtual Earth - image now available