Paul Ricca

Felice DeLucia
Mugshot of Paul Ricca
Born	1897 Naples, Italy
Died	(1972-10-11)October 11, 1972 (age 75) Chicago, Illinois, U.S.

Paul Ricca, also known as "The Waiter" (1897 - October 11, 1972), was a Chicago mobster who served as the leader of the Chicago Outfit, either in name or in fact, for 40 years.

Early life

Ricca also know as "Felice DeLucia", Ricca was born in Naples, Italy. By age 17, Ricca was working for the Sicilian Mafia. In 1915 Ricca stabbed Emilio Parrillo to death. Ricca later claimed that he killed Parillo for breaking an engagement to Ricca's sister. However, in reality Ricca killed Parrillo on Mafia orders. After serving two years in prison, Ricca then killed Vincenzo Capasso, who had testified against him in the Parillo trial, by slitting his throat. After killing Capasso, Ricca assumed the name Paolo Maglio and fled to the United States by way of Cuba. On August 10, 1920, Ricca arrived in New York City and started using the name "Paul Ricca".

Joining the mob

While in Cuba, Ricca met Joseph "Diamond Joe" Esposito, a Chicago bootlegger and restaurant owner. Esposito brought Ricca to Chicago and put him to work smuggling whiskey from Cuba and moonshine liquor from Kentucky. Sensing Ricca's potential, Esposito soon appointed him as maitre d' at the Bella Napoli, Esposito's restaurant. This job was the source of Ricca's nickname "The Waiter". The Bella Napoli was popular with many Chicago gangsters, including the leader of the South Side Gang, Al Capone ("Scarface"). Sharing several mutual friends among Neapolitan gangsters who had returned to Italy, Ricca soon gave up his restaurant job and joined the South Side Gang (the precursor to the Chicago Outfit).

Working with Capone and Nitti

Ricca rose very quickly in the gang ranks, frequently serving as Capone's emissary to the East Coast gangs. The two soon became good friends; in 1927, Capone served as the best man at Ricca's wedding. In 1929, Capone and Ricca attended the Atlantic City Conference in Atlantic City, New Jersey, the first meeting of all the Italian-American criminal gangs in the United States. In 1930, Capone sent Ricca to New York City to serve as his emissary in peace talks aimed at ending the Castellammarese War between the New York gangs. With the establishment of the National Crime Syndicate in 1931, Ricca's prestige and visibility continued to rise.

In 1932, Capone was convicted of tax evasion and sent to prison. Nominally, Frank Nitti ("The Enforcer") succeeded Capone as boss of the Chicago Outfit with Ricca as underboss. However, in reality Ricca was running the Outfit. Ricca frequently overruled Nitti's orders by saying, "We'll do it this way. Now let's hear no more about it!" In addition, the Syndicate leaders, including Lucky Luciano, dealt with Ricca, not Nitti, as boss of the Outfit.

Hollywood extortion case

In the early 1940s, Nitti convinced Ricca and the rest of the Outfit leadership to participate in a labor racketeering and extortion scheme aimed at the movie studios in Los Angeles, California. Chicago mobster Johnny Roselli ("Handsome Johnny") gained control of the Projectors Union and threatened the studios with strikes and other labor problems. To avoid labor unrest, RKO, Paramount, MGM and 20th Century Fox paid several hundred thousand dollars to the Outfit. However, two Outfit men were arrested for extortion and agreed to testify against the Outfit leadership. In March 1943, Ricca, Nitti, and other mob leaders were indicted for extortion.

On March 18, 1943, Ricca and the Outfit leadership met with Nitti and demanded that he plead guilty to all the extortion charges as part of a deal to save them from prison. Terrified at the prospect of prison due to his severe claustrophobia, Nitti shot himself to death the next day. Ricca now became boss of the Outfit in name as well as fact, naming enforcement chief Tony Accardo as underboss. Ricca and Accardo would together run the Outfit for the next 30 years.

Extortion conviction

On December 30, 1943 Ricca and his associates were convicted of extortion and sentenced to ten years each in federal prison. Ricca began his sentence at the federal penitentiary in Atlanta, but was soon lobbying to a transfer to Leavenworth Penitentiary in Kansas. The Atlanta warden, reportedly prejudiced against Italians, had severely beaten Outfit mobster Phil D'Andrea, making Ricca and the others fearful for their lives. After a series of contacts, St. Louis, Missouri lawyer Paul Dillon allegedly offered the head of the federal parole board payment to approve a transfer to Leavenworth for the Outfit mobster.

In May, 1945, against the recommendations of both wardens, Ricca and the other mobsters were moved to Leavenworth. During this period, the US Internal Revenue Service (IRS) accepted a cash settlement from Ricca for back taxes. On August 13, 1947, after a one week deliberation, the parole board released Ricca and his co-defendants from prison on parole. However, as a condition of his parole, Ricca could have no contact with mobsters. Accardo replaced Ricca as boss, with Ricca as a senior consultant. It was generally acknowledged, however, that Ricca called the shots. No major transactions, and certainly no hits, took place without his knowledge.

Ricca and Giancana

As the 1950s began, Ricca started passing more of the day-to-day operation of the Outfit to Accardo. However, in 1956 Ricca suddenly told Accardo that he wanted Sam Giancana, a Ricca protegee, to take Accardo's position. Accardo was facing tax evasion charges and Ricca allegedly wanted him to disappear from public view. Although unhappy about the demotion, Accardo accepted it, joining Ricca as the power behind the throne. As Ricca aged, Accardo began to make more of the high level decisions, ultimately pushing Giancana out in favor of Joe Aiuppa in 1966.

Later years

In 1957, the US Government charged Ricca with illegally entering the United States under the false name "Paul Maglio". Three years earlier, the government had located the real Paul Maglio in Chicago and now brought him to testify against Ricca. Although the government won a deportation order, it was later overturned.

In 1959, Ricca was convicted of tax evasion and sentenced to nine years in federal prison. After serving 27 months in prison, Ricca was released. In 1965, Ricca was again indicted for tax evasion. In court, Ricca maintained that his total income for 1963, $80,159, was earned at the race track. Ricca was eventually acquitted. Ricca latter moved to detroit where he lived till 1972 when he died.

Ricca died of a heart attack on October 11, 1972.

External links

• American Mafia: "Like Cashmere On A Leper" (Part One) by John William Tuohy
• ISPN.org: Friends in High Places

References

• Nash, Jay Robert, World Encyclopedia of Organized Crime, 1992, First Paragon House, New York.