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A Chindian is a person of both Chinese and Indian ancestry. There are a considerable number of Chindians in Malaysia and Singapore, where people of Chinese and Indian origin immigrated in large numbers during the 19th century.^[1] There are also a sizable number living in Hong Kong and smaller numbers in other countries with overseas Chinese and Indian diaspora, such as Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago and Guyana in the Caribbean, as well as the United States and United Kingdom.

Malaysia and Singapore

In Malaysia and Singapore, the majority of interracial marriages occur between Chinese and Indians. The offspring of such marriages are informally known as "Chindian". The Malaysian government, however, only classifies them by their fathers' ethnicity. As the majority of these intermarriages usually involve an Indian groom and Chinese bride, the majority of Chindian offspring in Malaysia are usually classified as "Indian" by the Malaysian government.^[2]

According to government statistics, Singapore's population was 4.68 million, 2.4% of whom were multi-ethnic, mostly Chindians. Also in 2007, 16.4% of all marriages in Singapore were inter-ethnic, again mostly between Chinese and Indians.^[1]

Hong Kong

Indians have been living in Hong Kong long before the partition of India into the nations of India and Pakistan. They migrated to Hong Kong as traders, police officers and army officers during colonial rule. 25,000 of the Muslims in Hong Kong trace their roots back to what is now Pakistan. Around half of them belong to 'local boy' families, Muslims of mixed Chinese and Indian/Pakistani ancestry, descended from early Indian/Pakistani immigrants who took local Chinese wives and brought their children up as Muslims.^[3]^[4] These "local Indians" were not completely accepted by either the Chinese or Indian communities.^[5]

Notable Chindians

References

^ ^a ^b Sheela Narayanan (October 17, 2008). "Go ahead, call me Chindian". AsiaOne. Retrieved 2009-10-08.
^ Daniels, Timothy P. (2005), Building Cultural Nationalism in Malaysia, Routledge, p. 189, ISBN 0415949718
^ Weiss, Anita M. (July 1991). "South Asian Muslims in Hong Kong: Creation of a 'Local Boy'BHANJI BHAI Identity". Modern Asian Studies. 25 (3): 417–53.
^ Ina Baghdiantz McCabe, Gelina Harlaftis, Iōanna Pepelasē Minoglou (2005), Diaspora Entrepreneurial Networks: Four Centuries of History, Berg Publishers, p. 256, ISBN 185973880X{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Carol R. Ember, Melvin Ember, Ian A. Skoggard (2004), Encyclopedia of Diasporas: Immigrant and Refugee Cultures Around the World, Springer, p. 511, ISBN 0306483211

External links

[Narayanan-1] Sheela Narayanan (October 17, 2008). "Go ahead, call me Chindian". AsiaOne. Retrieved 2009-10-08.

[2] Daniels, Timothy P. (2005), Building Cultural Nationalism in Malaysia, Routledge, p. 189, ISBN 0415949718

[3] Weiss, Anita M. (July 1991). "South Asian Muslims in Hong Kong: Creation of a 'Local Boy'BHANJI BHAI Identity". Modern Asian Studies. 25 (3): 417–53.

[4] Ina Baghdiantz McCabe, Gelina Harlaftis, Iōanna Pepelasē Minoglou (2005), Diaspora Entrepreneurial Networks: Four Centuries of History, Berg Publishers, p. 256, ISBN 185973880X{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[5] Carol R. Ember, Melvin Ember, Ian A. Skoggard (2004), Encyclopedia of Diasporas: Immigrant and Refugee Cultures Around the World, Springer, p. 511, ISBN 0306483211

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-A '''Chindian'''  is a person of both [[Han Chinese|Chinese]] and [[South Asian ethnic groups|Indian]] ancestry. There are a considerable number of Chindians in [[Malaysia]] and [[Singapore]], where people of Chinese and Indian origin immigrated in large numbers during the 19th century. There are also a sizable number living in [[Hong Kong]] and smaller numbers in other countries with [[overseas Chinese]] and [[Non-resident Indian and Person of Indian Origin|Indian diaspora]], such as [[Jamaica]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]] and [[Guyana]] in the [[Caribbean]], as well as the [[United States]] and [[United Kingdom]].
+A '''Chindian'''  is a person of both [[Han Chinese|Chinese]] and [[South Asian ethnic groups|Indian]] ancestry. There are a considerable number of Chindians in [[Malaysia]] and [[Singapore]], where people of Chinese and Indian origin immigrated in large numbers during the 19th century.<ref name=Narayanan/> There are also a sizable number living in [[Hong Kong]] and smaller numbers in other countries with [[overseas Chinese]] and [[Non-resident Indian and Person of Indian Origin|Indian diaspora]], such as [[Jamaica]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]] and [[Guyana]] in the [[Caribbean]], as well as the [[United States]] and [[United Kingdom]].
 ==Malaysia and Singapore==
 In [[Malaysia]] and [[Singapore]], the majority of [[interracial marriage]]s occur between Chinese and Indians. The offspring of such marriages are informally known as "Chindian". The Malaysian government, however, only classifies them by their fathers' ethnicity. As the majority of these intermarriages usually involve an Indian groom and Chinese bride, the majority of Chindian offspring in Malaysia are usually classified as "[[Malaysian Indian|Indian]]" by the Malaysian government.<ref>{{citation |last=Daniels |first=Timothy P. |year=2005 |title=Building Cultural Nationalism in Malaysia |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=0415949718 |page=189 }}</ref>
+According to government statistics, Singapore's population was 4.68 million, 2.4% of whom were [[Multiracial|multi-ethnic]], mostly Chindians. Also in 2007, 16.4% of all marriages in Singapore were inter-ethnic, again mostly between Chinese and Indians.<ref name=Narayanan>{{cite web|author=Sheela Narayanan|date=October 17, 2008|title=Go ahead, call me Chindian|publisher=[[AsiaOne]]|url=http://www.asiaone.com/Just%2BWoman/News/High%2BLife/Story/A1Story20081017-94498.html|accessdate=2009-10-08}}</ref>
 ==Hong Kong==