Chinese cruiser Jiyuan: Difference between revisions
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The '''''Jiyuan''''' (Chinese:[[wikt:济|济]][[wikt:远|远]]), sometimes translated as ''Chiyuan'', was a [[protected cruiser]] in the [[China|Chinese]] [[Beiyang fleet]] of the [[Qing dynasty|Qing government]]. It was originally ordered as the third vessel in the {{ship|Chinese turret ship|Dingyuan||2}} class of battleships, but as the necessary funds could not be raised and the order was changed to a smaller protected cruiser. The shipbuilder was [[AG Vulcan Stettin]], in [[Stettin]], [[Germany]]. Obsolete transliterations of its [[Chinese language|Chinese]] name in some western sources include ''Tche-Yuen'', and ''Tsi-yuan''. |
The '''''Jiyuan''''' (Chinese:[[wikt:济|济]][[wikt:远|远]]), sometimes translated as ''Chiyuan'', was a [[protected cruiser]] in the [[China|Chinese]] [[Beiyang fleet]] of the [[Qing dynasty|Qing government]]. It was originally ordered as the third vessel in the {{ship|Chinese turret ship|Dingyuan||2}} class of battleships, but as the necessary funds could not be raised and the order was changed to a smaller protected cruiser. The shipbuilder was [[AG Vulcan Stettin]], in [[Stettin]], [[Germany]]. Obsolete transliterations of its [[Chinese language|Chinese]] name in some western sources include ''Tche-Yuen'', and ''Tsi-yuan''. |
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The ship was captured by the Japanese during the [[first Sino-Japanese War]], and was commissioned into the Imperial Japanese Navy as the 2nd class cruiser {{nihongo|'''''Saien'''''|済遠 巡洋艦|Saien jun'yōkan}} on 16 March 1895. Obsolete transliterations of its [[Japanese language|Japanese]] name include ''Saiyen''. |
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==Design== |
==Design== |
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==Career== |
==Career== |
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===China=== |
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Originally scheduled to be delivered 1884, due to the [[Sino-French War]] completion was postponed to 1885. The ''Jiyuan'' took part in the [[Battle of Pungdo]] and [[Battle of the Yalu River (1894)]] in [[First Sino-Japanese War]]. Without achieving any military success, it ran down another Chinese cruiser {{ship|Chinese cruiser|Yangwei||2}} during the battle. Later, it was captured by the [[Imperial Japanese Army]] after the [[Battle of Weihaiwei]] as a [[prize of war]]. The [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] later commissioned it into Japanese service (keeping the same Chinese character name, 济远) as the |
Originally scheduled to be delivered 1884, due to the [[Sino-French War]] completion was postponed to 1885. The ''Jiyuan'' took part in the [[Battle of Pungdo]] and [[Battle of the Yalu River (1894)]] in [[First Sino-Japanese War]]. Without achieving any military success, it ran down another Chinese cruiser {{ship|Chinese cruiser|Yangwei||2}} during the battle. Later, it was captured by the [[Imperial Japanese Army]] after the [[Battle of Weihaiwei]] as a [[prize of war]]. The [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] later commissioned it into Japanese service (keeping the same Chinese character name, 济远) as the ''Saien''. |
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===Japan=== |
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{{For|the record of the Jiyuan after to being captured by Japan|Japanese cruiser Saien}} |
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The service record of the ''Saien'' in the Imperial Japanese Navy was short. As part of the Beiyang fleet, the ''Saien'' was present at the initial [[Battle of Pungdo]] and at the [[Battle of Yalu River (1894)|Battle of the Yellow Sea]]. It was among the warships that supported the [[Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1895)|Japanese invasion of Taiwan]], and took part in the bombardment of the [[Cihou Fort|coastal defences of Takow]] ([[Kaohsiung]]) on 13 October 1895. ''Saien'' was re-classified as a 3rd class Coastal Defense Vessel on 11 November 1904, but was assigned to duties as part of the blockading force at the [[Battle of Port Arthur]] in the opening stages of the [[Russo-Japanese War]] of 1904-1905. It sank after being [[naval mine|mined]] off of [[Lüshunkou|Port Arthur]] ({{coord|38|51|N|121|05|E}}) on 30 November 1904. |
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==References== |
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{{refbegin}} |
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*[[Japanese cruiser Saien]] |
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* Dull, Paul S. (1978) ''A Battle History of the Imperial Japanese Navy'' ISBN 0-85059-295-X |
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* Evans, David. ''Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887-1941''. US Naval Institute Press (1979). ISBN 0-87021-192-7 |
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*Gardiner, Robert (editor) (2001) ''Steam, Steel and Shellfire, The Steam Warship 1815-1905'', ISBN 0-7858-1413-2 |
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* Howarth, Stephen. ''The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun: The Drama of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1895-1945''. Atheneum; (1983) ISBN 0-689-11402-8 |
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* Jane, Fred T. ''The Imperial Japanese Navy''. Thacker, Spink & Co (1904) ASIN: B00085LCZ4 |
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* Jentsura, Hansgeorg. ''Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945''. Naval Institute Press (1976). ISBN 0-87021-893-X |
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* Schencking, J. Charles. ''Making Waves: Politics, Propaganda, And The Emergence Of The Imperial Japanese Navy, 1868-1922''. Stanford University Press (2005). ISBN 0-8047-4977-9 |
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{{refend}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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Revision as of 12:27, 17 August 2012
 Jiyuan
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
.svg){kind=small} China | |
| Name | Jiyuan |
| Builder | Stettiner AG Vulcan, Stettin, Germany |
| Laid down | 31 January 1880 |
| Launched | 2 November 1883 |
| Completed | 1885 |
| Commissioned | 11 June 1885 |
| Fate | Prize of war to Japan, 16 March 1895 |
| History | |
 Japan | |
| Name | Saien |
| Acquired | 16 March 1895 |
| Fate | Mined off Port Arthur, 30 November 1904 |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement | 2,440 long tons (2,479 t) |
| Length | 75 m (246 ft 1 in) w/l |
| Beam | 10.5 m (34 ft 5 in) |
| Draught | 4.67 m (15 ft 4 in) |
| Propulsion | list error: <br /> list (help) 2-shaft reciprocating triple expansion steam engine, 2,800 shp 2 boilers 230 tons coal |
| Speed | 15 knots (17 mph; 28 km/h) |
| Complement | 180 |
| Armament | list error: <br /> list (help) • 2 × 210 mm (8 in) guns • 1 × 150 mm (6 in) gun • 4 × 75 mm (3 in) guns • 6 × 47 mm (2 in) guns • 4 × 380 mm (15 in) torpedo tubes |
| Armour | list error: <br /> list (help) Deck: 75 mm (3 in) Turret: 50 mm (2 in) |
The Jiyuan (Chinese:济远), sometimes translated as Chiyuan, was a protected cruiser in the Chinese Beiyang fleet of the Qing government. It was originally ordered as the third vessel in the Dingyuan class of battleships, but as the necessary funds could not be raised and the order was changed to a smaller protected cruiser. The shipbuilder was AG Vulcan Stettin, in Stettin, Germany. Obsolete transliterations of its Chinese name in some western sources include Tche-Yuen, and Tsi-yuan.
The ship was captured by the Japanese during the first Sino-Japanese War, and was commissioned into the Imperial Japanese Navy as the 2nd class cruiser Saien (済遠 巡洋艦, Saien jun'yōkan) on 16 March 1895. Obsolete transliterations of its Japanese name include Saiyen.
Design
The Jiyuan is said to be the first protected cruiser built by Germany. From its completion, there were many critics about its performance. Some sources claim that it was modeled after the British HMS Hotspur, but this claim has never been verified.
Sir Robert Hart, promoter on behalf of the British shipbuilding industry, strongly lobbied senior Qing officials for its purchase, and the Chinese purchaser Li Fengbao (李鳳苞) (Chinese Envoy to Germany) had to resign before the ship was finally completed.
Career
China
Originally scheduled to be delivered 1884, due to the Sino-French War completion was postponed to 1885. The Jiyuan took part in the Battle of Pungdo and Battle of the Yalu River (1894) in First Sino-Japanese War. Without achieving any military success, it ran down another Chinese cruiser Yangwei during the battle. Later, it was captured by the Imperial Japanese Army after the Battle of Weihaiwei as a prize of war. The Imperial Japanese Navy later commissioned it into Japanese service (keeping the same Chinese character name, 济远) as the Saien.
Japan
The service record of the Saien in the Imperial Japanese Navy was short. As part of the Beiyang fleet, the Saien was present at the initial Battle of Pungdo and at the Battle of the Yellow Sea. It was among the warships that supported the Japanese invasion of Taiwan, and took part in the bombardment of the coastal defences of Takow (Kaohsiung) on 13 October 1895. Saien was re-classified as a 3rd class Coastal Defense Vessel on 11 November 1904, but was assigned to duties as part of the blockading force at the Battle of Port Arthur in the opening stages of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. It sank after being mined off of Port Arthur (38°51′N 121°05′E / 38.850°N 121.083°E) on 30 November 1904.
References
- Dull, Paul S. (1978) A Battle History of the Imperial Japanese Navy ISBN 0-85059-295-X
- Evans, David. Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887-1941. US Naval Institute Press (1979). ISBN 0-87021-192-7
- Gardiner, Robert (editor) (2001) Steam, Steel and Shellfire, The Steam Warship 1815-1905, ISBN 0-7858-1413-2
- Howarth, Stephen. The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun: The Drama of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1895-1945. Atheneum; (1983) ISBN 0-689-11402-8
- Jane, Fred T. The Imperial Japanese Navy. Thacker, Spink & Co (1904) ASIN: B00085LCZ4
- Jentsura, Hansgeorg. Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945. Naval Institute Press (1976). ISBN 0-87021-893-X
- Schencking, J. Charles. Making Waves: Politics, Propaganda, And The Emergence Of The Imperial Japanese Navy, 1868-1922. Stanford University Press (2005). ISBN 0-8047-4977-9