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Thierry Jamin (French}: [tieʁi ʒamɛ̃] - born 19 December 1967 - is a [[France|French]] [[historian]], known in Peru for his quest to find the legendary lost city of [[Paititi]].
{{Infobox person
|name = Thierry Jamin
|image = [[File:Thierry Jamin.JPG|thumb|Picture of Thierry Jamin, the French Archaeologist]]
|caption = Thierry Jamin in front of the [[Secret Door of Machu Picchu]], November 2012
|birth_name = Thierry Jamin
|birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1967|12|19|df=yes}}
|birth_place = [[Chartres]], France
|residence = Cusco, Peru
|occupation = Explorer and Archaeologist
|years_active = 1998–present
|citizenship = French
|field = [[Archaeology]]
|known_for = Work on the [[History of the Incas]] in [[Amazon rainforest]]
|discoveries = 30+Inca sites in the Amazonian forest; Secret door and unearthered cavities in Machu Picchu
|expeditions = 1998-present
|expeditions = 11 campaigns
|website = www.granpaititi.com
}}
Thierry Jamin (French}: [tieʁi ʒamɛ̃] - born 19 December 1967 - is a [[France|French]] explorer, [[historian]] and [[Archaeology|archaeologist]], best known for his quest to find the legendary lost city of [[Paititi]].
Jamin is a specialist in Inca [[archaeology]].

==Biography==
==Biography==
Jamin was born in Chartres, France. In 1991, he was accepted to the Superior Centre for Renaissance Studies (CESR), at the French National Centre for Scientific Research in Tours (CNRS), France, where he obtained a Master degree in Modern History<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/1992-MAITRISE-TJ.pdf|title=Thierry Jamin's Master Degree|work=granpaititi.com|language=French}}</ref>. In 1996, he was accepted at the University of Toulouse Le Mirail, France, and under the direction of the anthropologist, [[Georges Baudot]], he started a third cycle in history and archaeology.
===Early life===
Jamin was born in Chartres, France. In 1991, he was accepted to the Superior Centre for Renaissance Studies (CESR), at the French National Centre for Scientific Research in Tours (CNRS), France, where he obtained a Master degree in Modern History<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/1992-MAITRISE-TJ.pdf|title=Thierry Jamin's Master Degree|work=granpaititi.com|language=French}}</ref>. In 1996, he was accepted at the University of Toulouse Le Mirail, France, and under the direction of the anthropologist, historian and paleographer, specialist of pre-columbian Mexican cultures, [[Georges Baudot]], he started a third cycle in history and archaeology. He then obtained a DEA (Master Research) in History & archaeology of South America<ref>{{cite web|url= http://granpaititi.com/documents/cv_tj.pdf|title=Thierry Jamin's Resume|work=granpaititi.com|language=Spanish}}</ref>, and finally started his thesis which is dedicated to [[Paititi]].
He has attributed his early interest in Paititi to reading the first print of the [[South American Explorers]] Magazine, featuring satellite pictures (1975) of mysterious pyramidal formations located at the hill of a mountain, the Sierra Baja of Pantiacolla.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia
He has attributed his early interest in Paititi to reading the first print of the [[South American Explorers]] Magazine, featuring satellite pictures (1975) of mysterious pyramidal formations located at the hill of a mountain, the Sierra Baja of Pantiacolla.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia
| author = Ursula Thiermann
| author = Ursula Thiermann
Line 35: Line 14:
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


==Expeditions and Discoveries==
==Expeditions==
===Expeditions===
=====Operation Pantiacolla (August 1998)=====
=====Operation Pantiacolla (August 1998)=====
The [[Pyramids of Pantiacolla]] had been already explored by american explorer [[Gregory Deyermenjian]] in 1996, who confirmed that the pyramids are natural formations.
This is the first expedition of Thierry Jamin. The goal is to reach the “pyramides of Pantiacolla”, a site called “[[Paratoari]]” by the local indigenous people, the Matsiguengas. The expedition failed only a few miles from its objective.
This was the first expedition of Thierry Jamin. The goal was to reach the “pyramides of Pantiacolla”, a site called “[[Paratoari]]” by the local indigenous people, the Matsiguengas. The expedition failed only a few miles from its objective.

=====Expeditions Paratoari & Pusharo (August – September 2001)=====
=====Expeditions Paratoari & Pusharo (August – September 2001)=====
In 2001, Jamin finally reaches the site of Pantiacolla. The pyramids are in fact natural formations but Jamin discovered several Inca artefacts in the same area. At the site of [[Pusharo]] he realized that some of the petroglyphs are only visible at a certain moment of the day. His assumptions are that the ancient rock site could be an ancient roadmap leading to [[Paititi]]<ref>{{cite news
In 2001, Jamin finally reaches the site of Pantiacolla. At the site of [[Pusharo]] he realized that some of the petroglyphs are only visible at a certain moment of the day, fact that was proven before by Carlos Neuenschwander Landa. However the site of [[Pusharo]] has already been discovered in 1921 by Vicente de Cenitagoya, and studied many times by Peruvian Carlos Neuenschwander Landa and Austrian Rainer Hostnig.
| title = Buscan la ciudadela perdida de los incas en selva del Manu
| newspaper = Perú 21
| location = Peru
| date = {{date|11 November 2008}}
| language = Spanish
| url = http://peru21.pe/noticia/220880/buscan-ciudadela-perdida-incas-selva-manu
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>.

=====Paratoari II (July 2002)=====
=====Paratoari II (July 2002)=====
Jamin returned to “pyramids of Pantiacolla” unsuccessfully looking for more evidence of a permanent Inca site. However, he discovered massive sculpted stones similar to the ones we can see in [[Cusco]].
Jamin returned to “pyramids of Pantiacolla” unsuccessfully looking for more evidence of a permanent Inca site, but he failed again.

=====Aerial Pictures from the P.A.F (2003 - 2004)=====
In January 2003, in Lima, in the archives of the [[Peruvian Air Force]] (P.A.F), Jamin discovered some mysterious pictures showing some strange flat surfaces in the Western area of Pantiacolla. To verify the nature of this formation, the following year he led a new expedition to Pantiacolla. After 3 weeks of vain research, the group had to return to [[Cusco]]<ref>{{cite web
| publisher = [[M6]]
| url = http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b3OnKhzxctM&feature
| title = Zone Interdite - Thierry Jamin
| format = video
| language = French
| date = {{date| 29 Aug 2004}}
| accessdate = {{date|19 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>.

=====The Paititi Challenge (June and August 2005)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2005-Resolucion-Directoral.pdf|title=Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2005|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura - Comision Regional Tecnica de Arqueologia|language=Spanish}}</ref>=====
=====The Paititi Challenge (June and August 2005)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2005-Resolucion-Directoral.pdf|title=Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2005|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura - Comision Regional Tecnica de Arqueologia|language=Spanish}}</ref>=====
With the support of German television [[ZDF]] and the French chapter of National Geographic, and with the help of a [[Aerospatiale SA 315B Lama]], he lands about 3 miles from his objective.*<ref>{{cite web
With the support of German television [[ZDF]] and the French chapter of National Geographic, and with the help of a Aerospatiale SA 315B Lama, he lands about 3 miles from his objective, however, due to a heavy logistic and the requirements of the TV documentary, he was was not able to reach his goal. 3 months later, he launched a new expedition and finally reached the terraces of Pantiacolla after spending two weeks in the jungle. At first the results were disappointing as no lost city or new ruins were discovered.
=====Paratoari III & Pusharo II (July and August 2006)=====
| publisher = [[ZDF]]
In July 2006, Jamin returned to the area of the [[Pyramids of Pantiacolla]], but the result of the expedition was again a failure.
| url = http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=paou1czylis
<ref>{{cite journal
| title = DOKU: Paititi - Das letzte Geheimnis der Inkas
| format = video
| language = German
| date = {{date| 2 Jun 2012}}
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal
| last = Jamin
| first = Thierry
| title = Sur les traces de Païtiti, la cité perdue des Incas
| date = {{date||September 2006}}
| journal = La Géographie
| url = http://www.socgeo.org/05r1522.htm
| language = French
| page = 61
| issue = N˚ 1522
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal
| last = Jamin
| first = Thierry
| title = Les aventuriers de la cité perdue
| date = {{date|August 2005}}
| journal = National Geographic France
| volume = Vol. 13.2 N˚ 71
| url = http://www.nationalgeographic.fr/les-archives/numero-71-aout-2005/79881/
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
}}</ref> However, due to a heavy logistic and the requirements of the TV documentary, he was was not able to reach his goal. 3 months later, he launched a new expedition and finally reached the terraces of Pantiacolla after spending two weeks in the jungle. At first the results were disappointing as no lost city was discovered but Jamin and his team found a lot of archaeological material proving once again that the Incas had permanent settlements in the area of the pyramids.

=====Paratoari III & Pusharo II (July and August 2006)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2006-Resolucion-Directoral.pdf|title=Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2006|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura - Comision Regional Tecnica de Arqueologia|language=Spanish}}</ref>=====
In July 2006, Jamin returned to the area of the Pyramids of Pantiacolla. New archaeological evidence was found, confirming the existence of a permanent site nearby<ref>{{cite journal
| title = Eldorado-Païtiti, un Français cherche la cité perdue des Incas
| title = Eldorado-Païtiti, un Français cherche la cité perdue des Incas
| date = {{date|August 2008}}
| date = {{date|August 2008}}
Line 105: Line 34:
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>.
}}</ref>.
He then returned to [[Pusharo]] and discovered new [[petroglyphs]] that can only be seen at night with a torch<ref>{{cite news
| title = Los petroglifos de Pusharo
| newspaper = Imagenes
| location = Peru
| date = {{date|September 2008}}
| language = Spanish
| url = http://www.imagenesperumundo.com/Ediciones.html
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>. He also discovered 3 [[geoglyphs]] made by the Incas on a mountain flank located in front of the petroglyphs<ref>{{cite news
| title = Hallan trazos similares a las líneas de Nazca en el Parque del Manu
| newspaper = Perú 21
| location = Peru
| date = {{date|19 September 2006}}
| language = Spanish
| url = http://peru21.pe/noticia/50424/hallan-trazos-similares-lineas-nazca-parque-manu
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>.

=====Antisuyo (May and June 2009)=====
=====Antisuyo (May and June 2009)=====
At the end of 2007, based of his research at the site of Pusharo, Jamin decided to concentrate his research in an area located north of the Inca archaeological site of [[Mameria]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2007-PERMISO-INC.pdf|title=Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2007-2008|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura - Comision Regional Tecnica de Arqueologia|language=Spanish}}</ref>. In 2008, on board a helicopter, accompanied by [[Herbert Cartegena]] who discovered the site in 1979, they patrol the area they called the “Red Zone”<ref>{{cite book
At the end of 2007, based of his research at the site of [[Pusharo]] (which was not supported by archeologists who are not part of his team), Jamin decided to concentrate his research in an area located north of the archaeological site of [[Mameria]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2007-PERMISO-INC.pdf|title=Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2007-2008|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura - Comision Regional Tecnica de Arqueologia|language=Spanish}}</ref>. In 2008, on board a helicopter, accompanied by Herbert Cartegena who documented, with the help of peasant Goyo Toledo, the site in 1979, they patrol an area that they named the “Red Zone”<ref>{{cite book
|author=Don Jaque|title= {{url | 1 = http://www.donjaque.com/ | 2 = El Diario Judicial de Madre de Dios}}. # 1987, Monday May 4th 2009}}</ref>.
|author=Don Jaque|title= {{url | 1 = http://www.donjaque.com/ | 2 = El Diario Judicial de Madre de Dios}}. # 1987, Monday May 4th 2009}}</ref>.
In 2009, with the help of the French television (TF1), the city of Toulouse and private partners, Jamin returned to [[Mameria]], <ref>{{cite web

In 2009, with the help of the French television [[TF1]], the city of Toulouse and private partners, Jamin returned to [[Mameria]], 30 years after its discovery, realizing the first scientific study of the site.<ref>{{cite web
| publisher = [[TF1]]
| publisher = [[TF1]]
| title = Paititi, à la recherche de la cité perdue
| title = Paititi, à la recherche de la cité perdue
Line 134: Line 44:
| url = http://www.wat.tv/video/paititi-recherche-cite-perdue-2nkor_2hg6l_.html
| url = http://www.wat.tv/video/paititi-recherche-cite-perdue-2nkor_2hg6l_.html
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
}}</ref> After a couple of weeks, a helicopter helped him to reach the “Red Zone”, in a territory occupied by the [[Kuga Pakuri]] tribe. This expedition was a total disappointment as the group did not find any archaeological material in this area, and decided to return to Cusco.
}}</ref> After a couple of weeks, a helicopter helped him to reach the “Red Zone”, in a territory occupied by the no contacted tribes. This expedition was a total failure as the group did not find any archaeological material in this area, and decided to return to Cusco.
=====The Valley of Lacco (July and August 2009) =====

A few weeks later, Jamin started a new campaign in the [[Valley of Lacco]].
=====The new Sacred Valley of the Incas (July and August 2009)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2009-03-11-Resolucion-Directoral.pdf|title=Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2009|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura|language=Spanish}}</ref>=====
The area was explored more than 30 years ago by peruvian explorer Carlos Neuenshwander Landa. All the sites that Jamin said to have discovered were discovered in reality more than 30 years ago by peruvian Carlos Neuenschwander Landa, like: the fortress of Hualla Mocco (area Hualla), and the small cities of Torre Mocco and of Lucma Cancha (area Quinuay), and the small cities of Patan Marca and Llactapata (area Juy Huay), the ceremonial site of Puccro (area Mesapata) and another city, also called Llactapata, and composed of about 150 buildings, a dozen streets, and two main squares.
A few weeks later, Jamin started a new exploration campaign in the [[Valley of Lacco]]. In this area, he discovered several archaeological sites<ref>{{cite journal
| work = Cronica
| title = Hallan el Valle sagrado de los incas, ciudad fundada por nobles que escaparon de la Conquista
| issue =
| location = Mexico
| date = 2011
| language = Spanish
| url = http://www.cronica.com.mx/notas/2011/559071.html
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>, the fortress of Hualla Mocco (area Hualla), and the small cities of Torre Mocco and of Lucma Cancha (area Quinuay). He also discovered the small cities of Patan Marca and Llactapata (area Juy Huay), the ceremonial site of Puccro (area Mesapata). In the area of Ccorimayo, he discovered another city, also called Llactapata, and composed of about 150 buildings, a dozen streets, and two main squares.<ref>{{cite journal
| work = Imágenes (Peru – Brazil)
| title = Nuevos Hallazgos. Camino al Gran Paititi. Entrevista a Thierry Jamin
| issue = Año 6, N˚ 18
| location = Lima
| date = Octubre&ndash;Diciembre 2010
| language = Spanish & Portuguese
<!--| issn = 7759683262153-->
| url = http://www.imagenesperumundo.com/Ediciones.html
| nocando = doesn't seem to be online; issn/isbn read from journal cover image not correct
}}</ref>

Since then Llactapata is considered the most important archaeological site discovered north of [[Machu Picchu]]. Somewhere at the crossroad between the two valleys of Lacco and Chunchusmayo, he added to his discoveries the archaeological complex of Tambo Ccasa. Finally, near the ruins of Miraflores, in the jungle at the end of the second valley, he discovered another city, Monte Puncu<ref>{{cite news
| title = Descubren importante grupo de complejos arqueológicos
| newspaper = El Correo
| location = Peru
| issue = # 10775
| date = {{date|February 12 2010}}
| page = 3
| language = Spanish
| url = http://diariocorreo.pe/ultimas/noticias/CORREO-626655/edicion+cusco/descubren-importante-grupo-de-complejos-arqueologicos
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>.
He returned to the valley later in 2009 and for several months he pursued a scientific survey and study of the area. Due to their proximity to an old Inca road, the [[Qhapaq Nan]], Jamin was convinced that all those sites are connected to a larger city.

=====Inkari 2010 (June & July 2010)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2010-05-21-Resolucion-Directoral.pdf|title=Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2010|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura|language=Spanish}}</ref>=====
=====Inkari 2010 (June & July 2010)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2010-05-21-Resolucion-Directoral.pdf|title=Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2010|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura|language=Spanish}}</ref>=====
In 2010, Jamin returned to the valleys of Lacco and Chunchusmayo. There he explored new areas and discovered the ruins of Inca Tambo, the third Llactapata, and from Nuevo Mundo. After further investigations at Monte Puncu, he returned to Lacco where he discovered the citadels of Pantipayana (area Rataratayocc), Apucatina (area Pallamiyocc), Inca Raccay (area Ccorimayo), Chaupichullo (area Chaupichullo), Hatun Monte (area Juy Huay) and Puma Cocha (Juy Huay).)<ref>{{cite news
In 2010, Jamin returned to the valleys of Lacco and Chunchusmayo. Jamin documented the ruins of Inca Tambo. After further investigations at Monte Puncu, he returned to Lacco where he documented the citadels of Pantipayana (area Rataratayocc), Apucatina (area Pallamiyocc), Inca Raccay (area Ccorimayo), Chaupichullo (area Chaupichullo), Hatun Monte (area Juy Huay) and Puma Cocha (Juy Huay). All these sites were previously studied and documented for the first time by peruvian explorer Carlos Neuenschwander Landa, starting from 1958
<ref>{{cite news
| newspaper = El Comercio
| newspaper = El Comercio
| locqtion = Peru
| locqtion = Peru
Line 179: Line 57:


=====Inkari 2011 (June & October 2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2011-RESOLUCION.pdf|title=Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2011|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura|language=Spanish}}</ref>=====
=====Inkari 2011 (June & October 2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2011-RESOLUCION.pdf|title=Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2011|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura|language=Spanish}}</ref>=====
In July 2011, Jamin set up a new expedition to reach massive ruins signaled by indigenous people<ref>{{cite news
In July 2011, Jamin set up a new expedition <ref>{{cite news
| title = L'Eldorado et la cité perdue des Incas
| title = L'Eldorado et la cité perdue des Incas
| newspaper = Le Figaro
| newspaper = Le Figaro
Line 187: Line 65:
| url = http://www.lefigaro.fr/voyages/2011/08/20/03007-20110820ARTFIG00001-l-eldorado-et-la-cite-perdue-des-incas.php
| url = http://www.lefigaro.fr/voyages/2011/08/20/03007-20110820ARTFIG00001-l-eldorado-et-la-cite-perdue-des-incas.php
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref> and located in the national sanctuary of [[Megantoni]]. Abandoned by his porters, slowed down by an heavy logistics, and facing other challenges, the expedition was stopped before reaching its goal. However, on the way Jamin discovered a large branch of the [[Qhapaq Nan]], which points to the North from the [[Valley of Lacco]]. He also discovered a large number of [[terraces (agriculture)]], probably designed to sustain a large population. Later on in that year, new high resolution satellite imagery revealed some strange geometric formations located north of the national sanctuary of Megantoni.
}}</ref> in the national sanctuary of [[Megantoni]]. Abandoned by his porters, slowed down by an heavy logistics, and facing other challenges, the expedition was stopped before reaching its goal. However, on the way Jamin documented a large branch of the [[Qhapaq Nan]], that was discovered by Carlos Neuenschwander Landa during the decade 1960-1970, which points to the North from the [[Valley of Lacco]]. This part of the [[Qhapaq Nan]] was documented and studied by [[Gregory Dejermenjian]] starting from 1984. Mr. Jamin also documented a large number of [[terraces (agriculture)]], probably designed to sustain a large population.
===Contributions===

In 2008, Jamin was recognized for his contribution to the region of Madre de Dios<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2008-DIPLOMA-INC-MADRE-DE-DIOS.pdf|title=Diploma, April 2008|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura - Direccion Regional de Madre de Dios|language=Spanish}}</ref>.
In October 2011, under the supervision of the Peruvian Ministry of Culture, Jamin returned to Lacco and discovered the citadel of Umapata.
==His research in Machu Picchu==

In August 2011, Jamin was contacted by David Crespy, a French engineer from Barcelona, Spain. A year before, while he was visiting [[Machu Picchu]], he noticed what possibly looked like a 'hidden door' located at the bottom of one of the main buildings<ref>{{cite web
===Main Discoveries & Contributions===
*Within 2&frac12; years, with the help of local indigenous populations, the [[Ministry_of_Culture_(Peru)|Peruvian Ministry of Culture]] has recognized and recorded more than 30 new sites discovered by Jamin<ref>{{cite web|url=http://granpaititi.com/docs/2010-11-25-Rapport-Final-Approbation.pdf|title=Resolucion Viceministerial 0140-2010, November 19th 2010|work=Ministerio de Cultura|language=Spanish}}</ref>.

*Most complete study of the petroglyphs and geoglyphs of Pusharo. In 2008, Jamin was recognized for his contribution to the region of Madre de Dios<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2008-DIPLOMA-INC-MADRE-DE-DIOS.pdf|title=Diploma, April 2008|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura - Direccion Regional de Madre de Dios|language=Spanish}}</ref>.

*Several cavities and presence of archaeological material in a building of Machu Picchu.

==The Secret Door of Machu Picchu==
In August 2011, Jamin was contacted by David Crespy, a French engineer from Barcelona, Spain. A year before, while he was visiting [[Machu Picchu]], he noticed what looked like a 'hidden door' located at the bottom of one of the main buildings<ref>{{cite web
| publisher = [[JungleDocProd]]
| publisher = [[JungleDocProd]]
| title = Interview de David Crespy
| title = Interview de David Crespy
Line 206: Line 76:
| url = http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQ8mg1Q3RnI
| url = http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQ8mg1Q3RnI
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>. After reviewing the pictures taken by Crespy, Jamin although at first very sceptical, decided to examine the site. Accompanied by archaeologists from the Peruvian Ministry of Culture, Jamin travelled to Machu Picchu several times between September and December 2011. As unexpected as it seemed, they all confirmed the existence of a door sealed prior to the Spanish conquest<ref>{{cite web
}}</ref>. After reviewing the pictures taken by Crespy, Jamin decided to examine the site. Accompanied by archaeologists from the Peruvian Ministry of Culture, Jamin travelled to Machu Picchu several times between September and December 2011.
On December 19th 2011, Jamin submitted a research project with the objective to use ground{{nbhyph}} penetrating radar technologies to determine if some cavities were located behind the door. Jamin's team investigated the site in March 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fr.euronews.com/2013/02/19/la-porte-secrete-de-machu-picchu/ |title=La Porte Secrete de Machu Picchu |publisher=Euronews |accessdate=2013-02-19|language=French}}</ref>. With the help of several technologies, the team confirmed the existence of cavities <ref>{{cite web
| publisher = [[JungleDocProd]]
| title = Visite de Machu Picchu
| format = video
| language = French
| url = http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_p_EV0dGtqw
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>.

On December 19th 2011, Jamin submitted a research project with the objective to use ground{{nbhyph}} penetrating radar technologies to determine if some cavities were located behind the door, which was agreed by The Ministry of Culture<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.granpaititi.com/docs/2012-03-22-Resolucion-Directoral.pdf|title=Resolucion Directoral, Campaign Machu Picchu 2012|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura|language=Spanish}}</ref>. Jamin's team investigated the site in March 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fr.euronews.com/2013/02/19/la-porte-secrete-de-machu-picchu/ |title=La Porte Secrete de Machu Picchu |publisher=Euronews |accessdate=2013-02-19|language=French}}</ref>.

With the help of several technologies, the team confirmed the existence of cavities and an important quantity of archaeological material*<ref>{{cite web|url=http://granpaititi.com/docs/2012-09-07-Resolucion-Directoral.pdf|title=Resolucion Directoral, Campaign Machu Picchu 2012|work=Instituto Nacional de Cultura|language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| publisher = [[JungleDocProd]]
| publisher = [[JungleDocProd]]
| title = Machu Picchu 2012 : The discovery and the geophysical survey
| title = Machu Picchu 2012 : The discovery and the geophysical survey
Line 225: Line 85:
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>. Based on the results of the non{{nbhyph}}techniques used by Jamin's team, one of their assumptions is that the site could be a burial tomb.*<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.heritagedaily.com/2013/02/claims-of-possible-burial-tomb-discovered-in-machu-picchu/|title=Heritage Daily - Claims of possible burial tomb discovered in Machu Picchu |accessdate=2013-03-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalgeographic.com.es/articulo/historia/actualidad/8016/esconde_algo_machu_picchu.html|title=National Geographic - ¿Esconde algo Machu Picchu?|accessdate=2013-03-16|language=spanish}}</ref>.
}}</ref>. Based on the results of the non{{nbhyph}}techniques used by Jamin's team, one of their assumptions is that the site could be a burial tomb.*<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.heritagedaily.com/2013/02/claims-of-possible-burial-tomb-discovered-in-machu-picchu/|title=Heritage Daily - Claims of possible burial tomb discovered in Machu Picchu |accessdate=2013-03-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalgeographic.com.es/articulo/historia/actualidad/8016/esconde_algo_machu_picchu.html|title=National Geographic - ¿Esconde algo Machu Picchu?|accessdate=2013-03-16|language=spanish}}</ref>.
On May 22nd 2012, Jamin submitted a new project proposal to the Ministry of Culture to open the door. In November 2012, the Ministry of Culture refused authorization to excavate the site<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tv.ibtimes.com/archaeologist-blocked-making-breakthrough-find-machu-picchu-9315|title=IBTimes - Archaeologist blocked From making breakthrough find at Machu Picchu|accessdate=2013-03-16}}</ref>. In December 2012, an appeal was submitted by the Instituto Inkari. {{as of|15|3|2013|As per today}}.

The final decision was totally negative due to lack of serious historical research. The hipotetical research of Mr. jamin in Machu Picchu, which has not a real historical base, has sparked a strong polemic between David Ugarte, the regional director of Peru's National Culture Institute, Fernando Astete, the director of the site of Machu Picchu, and Jamin. Ugarte argued that excavation could jeopardize the stability of the building structure, and that the team was planning to excavate 600 square meters. He also mentioned that Jamin and his team were adventurers only interested in the discovery of treasures.
On May 22nd 2012, Jamin submitted a new project proposal to the Ministry of Culture to open the door. In November 2012, the Ministry of Culture refused authorization to excavate the site<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tv.ibtimes.com/archaeologist-blocked-making-breakthrough-find-machu-picchu-9315|title=IBTimes - Archaeologist blocked From making breakthrough find at Machu Picchu|accessdate=2013-03-16}}</ref>. In December 2012, an appeal was submitted by the Instituto Inkari. {{as of|15|3|2013|As per today}} the final decision is still pending.

==Death threats, International warrant of arrest and polemics==
==Death threats, International warrant of arrest and polemics==
In 2004, Jamin and his team received death threats, and both the Peruvian and the French authorities placed him under police protection. In 2007, Jamin was himself accused of death threats, insults, calumnies and defamations by a local treasure hunter and an international warrant of arrest was issued by Interpol. The accusations were proven false and Jamin was released with no charge against him<ref>{{cite news
In 2004, Jamin and his team received death threats, and both the Peruvian and the French authorities placed him under police protection. In 2007, Jamin was himself accused of death threats, insults, calumnies and defamations by a local treasure hunter and an international warrant of arrest was issued by Interpol. The accusations were proven false and Jamin was released with no charge against him.
| title = Thierry Jamin, Indiana Jones toulousain
| newspaper = La Depeche
| location = France
| date = {{date|February 02 2012}}
| language = French
| url = http://www.ladepeche.fr/article/2012/06/02/1368106-thierry-jamin-indiana-jones-toulousain.html
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>.

The discovery in Machu Picchu has sparked a strong polemic between David Ugarte, the regional director of Peru's National Culture Institute, Fernando Astete, the director of the site of Machu Picchu, and Jamin. Ugarte argued that excavation could jeopardize the stability of the building structure, and that the team was planning to excavate 600 square meters. He also mentioned that Jamin and his team were adventurers only interested in the discovery of treasures*<ref>{{cite web
| publisher = [[Cuarto Poder]]
| title = Part1: El hallazgo de la tumba del inca PACHACUTEC en Machu Picchu 2013
| format = video
| language = Spanish
| url = http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OAqV0X0oDBM
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| publisher = [[Cuarto Poder]]
| title = Part2: El hallazgo de la tumba del inca PACHACUTEC en Machu Picchu 2013
| format = video
| language = Spanish
| url = http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R8nA_6Z5bbc
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>. These allegations have been strongly denied by Jamin who suggested that the Regional Direction of Culture is afraid of what this discovery could reveal about Machu Picchu or that they are trying to steal this discovery from the French archaeologist. Experts are also discussing the possibility of this tomb having been used as the mausoleum of the Inca emperor [[Pachacuti]]<ref>{{cite news
| title = Pérou : L’explorateur français Thierry Jamin, sur les traces des incas, fait grand bruit…
| newspaper = Actu Latino
| location = France
| date = {{date|February 14 2013}}
| language = French
| url = http://www.actulatino.com/2013/02/14/perou-l-explorateur-francais-thierry-jamin-sur-les-traces-des-incas-fait-grand-bruit/
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>.

Early 2013, in relations to the discovery of Machu Picchu, Jamin received new anonymous death threats<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rpp.com.pe/2013-02-27-cusco-arqueologo-thierry-jamin-fue-amenazado-de-muerte-noticia_571239.html|title=RPP Noticias - Cusco: Arqueólogo Thierry Jamin fue amenazado de muerte|accessdate=2013-03-16|language=spanish}}</ref>.

==The Inkari Institute & Activism==

In 2009, Jamin and his companions, created a non-profit organization called the Inkari Institute of archaeological Investigations. The primary goal of this organization is archaeological research. In 2010, its European counterpart was launched in France. Inkari Europe is a non-profit organization presided over by Didier Cujives, mayor of [[Paulhac, Haute-Garonne]], elected regional counselor and ambassador for [[Midi-Pyrénées]] with the E.U.
In January 2012, the ONG is renamed Instituto Inkari - Cusco (the Instituto Inka de Investigacion y Revaloracion Indigena). His team now regroups other archaeologists like Hilbert Sumire Bustincio<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.granpaititi.com/documents/cv_hs.pdf|title=SUMIRE BUSTINCIO, Hilbert's Resume|work=granpaititi.com|language=Spanish}}</ref> and Daniel Angel Merino Panizo<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.instituto-inkari.org/the-members-of-the-inkari-cusco-institute-inkari-110.html|title=Inkari Institute, Team Members - Daniel Angel Merino Panizo|work=granpaititi.com}}</ref>.

Jamin and his team are actively participating in awareness campaigns to protect archaeological sites from looters<ref>{{cite web
| publisher = Solar Televisión
| url = http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=QvjutvE2414
| title = Huaqueros en la zona de Llaco
| format = video
| language = Spanish
| date = {{date|12 feb 2010}}
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
}}</ref> and from non-sustainable touristical and industrial projects<ref>*{{cite news
| title = Gasoducto Destruiria Patrimonio - Amenaza Historica
| newspaper = Somos
| location = Peru
| issue = # 1269
| date = {{date|April 2011}}
| page = 36-40
| language = Spanish
| url = http://granpaititi.com/documents/somos.pdf
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
| title = Patrimonio en peligro. Cerca y dentro de Megantoni en La Convención existen impresionantes construcciones incas
| newspaper = El Diario de Cusco
| location = Peru
| issue = # 4162
| date = {{date|30 June 2010}}
| page = 12
| language = Spanish
| url = http://granpaititi.com/documents/eldiario062010.pdf
| accessdate = {{date|17 mar 2013}}
}}</ref>.

==Publications==
==Publications==

Books and publications written by Jamin include:
Books and publications written by Jamin include:

*''Jeu de piste chez les Incas'', July - August 2010, História. N˚ 126
*''Jeu de piste chez les Incas'', July - August 2010, História. N˚ 126
*{{cite book
*{{cite book
Line 328: Line 115:
| lastauthoramp = true
| lastauthoramp = true
}}
}}

==See also==
==See also==
{{ubl|[[Paititi]]|[[Paratoari]]|[[Pusharo]]|[[Mameria]]|[[Megantoni National Sanctuary]]}}

==Notes==
* [[Paititi]]
{{reflist|2}}
* [[Paratoari]]
* [[Pusharo]]
* [[Mameria]]
* [[Kuga Pakuri]]
* [[Valley of Lacco]]
* [[Megantoni National Sanctuary]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
==External links==
*{{cite web
| url = http://www.granpaititi.com/index.php?id=10&lang=en
| title = The Explorers of Grand Paititi (Official website)
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
}}
*{{cite web
| url = http://www.Pusharo.com
| title = Los petroglifos de Pusharo
| language = Spanish
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
}}
*{{cite web
*{{cite web
| url = http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xwds8t_incamazonia-english_travel#.UUZTzhzvuME
| url = http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xwds8t_incamazonia-english_travel#.UUZTzhzvuME
Line 364: Line 130:
| title = Interview Thierry Jamin sur les traces des Incas en Amazonie (video)
| title = Interview Thierry Jamin sur les traces des Incas en Amazonie (video)
| language = French
| language = French
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
}}
*{{cite web
| url = http://www.instituto-inkari.org/index.php?id=10&lang=en
| title = Instituto Inka de investigación y revaloración indígena
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
}}
}}
Line 377: Line 138:
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
| accessdate = {{date|16 mar 2013}}
}}
}}

=====Works by Jamin=====
=====Works by Jamin=====

*[https://www.google.com/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Thierry+Jamin%22 Works by Thierry Jamin] at [[Google Books]]
*[https://www.google.com/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Thierry+Jamin%22 Works by Thierry Jamin] at [[Google Books]]
{{Portal|Archaeology|France}}
{{Portal|Archaeology|France}}

{{Authority control| VIAF=59381957|LCCN=no/2008/46849}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] -->
| NAME = Jamin, Thierry
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Explorer & Archaeologist
| DATE OF BIRTH = 19 December 1967
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Chartres]], France
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jamin, Thierry}}
[[Category:French archaeologists]]
[[Category:French explorers]]
[[Category:French historians]]
[[Category:Archaeology]]
[[Category:Explorers of South America]]
[[Category:1967 births]]
[[Category:People from Chartres]]
[[Category:University of Toulouse alumni]]
[[Category:French expatriates in Peru]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Revision as of 23:05, 20 March 2013

Thierry Jamin (French}: [tieʁi ʒamɛ̃] - born 19 December 1967 - is a French historian, known in Peru for his quest to find the legendary lost city of Paititi.

Biography

Jamin was born in Chartres, France. In 1991, he was accepted to the Superior Centre for Renaissance Studies (CESR), at the French National Centre for Scientific Research in Tours (CNRS), France, where he obtained a Master degree in Modern History[1]. In 1996, he was accepted at the University of Toulouse Le Mirail, France, and under the direction of the anthropologist, Georges Baudot, he started a third cycle in history and archaeology. He has attributed his early interest in Paititi to reading the first print of the South American Explorers Magazine, featuring satellite pictures (1975) of mysterious pyramidal formations located at the hill of a mountain, the Sierra Baja of Pantiacolla.[2]

Expeditions

Operation Pantiacolla (August 1998)

The Pyramids of Pantiacolla had been already explored by american explorer Gregory Deyermenjian in 1996, who confirmed that the pyramids are natural formations. This was the first expedition of Thierry Jamin. The goal was to reach the “pyramides of Pantiacolla”, a site called “Paratoari” by the local indigenous people, the Matsiguengas. The expedition failed only a few miles from its objective.

Expeditions Paratoari & Pusharo (August – September 2001)

In 2001, Jamin finally reaches the site of Pantiacolla. At the site of Pusharo he realized that some of the petroglyphs are only visible at a certain moment of the day, fact that was proven before by Carlos Neuenschwander Landa. However the site of Pusharo has already been discovered in 1921 by Vicente de Cenitagoya, and studied many times by Peruvian Carlos Neuenschwander Landa and Austrian Rainer Hostnig.

Paratoari II (July 2002)

Jamin returned to “pyramids of Pantiacolla” unsuccessfully looking for more evidence of a permanent Inca site, but he failed again.

The Paititi Challenge (June and August 2005)[3]

With the support of German television ZDF and the French chapter of National Geographic, and with the help of a Aerospatiale SA 315B Lama, he lands about 3 miles from his objective, however, due to a heavy logistic and the requirements of the TV documentary, he was was not able to reach his goal. 3 months later, he launched a new expedition and finally reached the terraces of Pantiacolla after spending two weeks in the jungle. At first the results were disappointing as no lost city or new ruins were discovered.

Paratoari III & Pusharo II (July and August 2006)

In July 2006, Jamin returned to the area of the Pyramids of Pantiacolla, but the result of the expedition was again a failure. [4].

Antisuyo (May and June 2009)

At the end of 2007, based of his research at the site of Pusharo (which was not supported by archeologists who are not part of his team), Jamin decided to concentrate his research in an area located north of the archaeological site of Mameria[5]. In 2008, on board a helicopter, accompanied by Herbert Cartegena who documented, with the help of peasant Goyo Toledo, the site in 1979, they patrol an area that they named the “Red Zone”[6]. In 2009, with the help of the French television (TF1), the city of Toulouse and private partners, Jamin returned to Mameria, [7] After a couple of weeks, a helicopter helped him to reach the “Red Zone”, in a territory occupied by the no contacted tribes. This expedition was a total failure as the group did not find any archaeological material in this area, and decided to return to Cusco.

The Valley of Lacco (July and August 2009)

A few weeks later, Jamin started a new campaign in the Valley of Lacco. The area was explored more than 30 years ago by peruvian explorer Carlos Neuenshwander Landa. All the sites that Jamin said to have discovered were discovered in reality more than 30 years ago by peruvian Carlos Neuenschwander Landa, like: the fortress of Hualla Mocco (area Hualla), and the small cities of Torre Mocco and of Lucma Cancha (area Quinuay), and the small cities of Patan Marca and Llactapata (area Juy Huay), the ceremonial site of Puccro (area Mesapata) and another city, also called Llactapata, and composed of about 150 buildings, a dozen streets, and two main squares.

Inkari 2010 (June & July 2010)[8]

In 2010, Jamin returned to the valleys of Lacco and Chunchusmayo. Jamin documented the ruins of Inca Tambo. After further investigations at Monte Puncu, he returned to Lacco where he documented the citadels of Pantipayana (area Rataratayocc), Apucatina (area Pallamiyocc), Inca Raccay (area Ccorimayo), Chaupichullo (area Chaupichullo), Hatun Monte (area Juy Huay) and Puma Cocha (Juy Huay). All these sites were previously studied and documented for the first time by peruvian explorer Carlos Neuenschwander Landa, starting from 1958 [9]

Inkari 2011 (June & October 2011)[10]

In July 2011, Jamin set up a new expedition [11] in the national sanctuary of Megantoni. Abandoned by his porters, slowed down by an heavy logistics, and facing other challenges, the expedition was stopped before reaching its goal. However, on the way Jamin documented a large branch of the Qhapaq Nan, that was discovered by Carlos Neuenschwander Landa during the decade 1960-1970, which points to the North from the Valley of Lacco. This part of the Qhapaq Nan was documented and studied by Gregory Dejermenjian starting from 1984. Mr. Jamin also documented a large number of terraces (agriculture), probably designed to sustain a large population.

Contributions

In 2008, Jamin was recognized for his contribution to the region of Madre de Dios[12].

His research in Machu Picchu

In August 2011, Jamin was contacted by David Crespy, a French engineer from Barcelona, Spain. A year before, while he was visiting Machu Picchu, he noticed what possibly looked like a 'hidden door' located at the bottom of one of the main buildings[13]. After reviewing the pictures taken by Crespy, Jamin decided to examine the site. Accompanied by archaeologists from the Peruvian Ministry of Culture, Jamin travelled to Machu Picchu several times between September and December 2011. On December 19th 2011, Jamin submitted a research project with the objective to use ground‑ penetrating radar technologies to determine if some cavities were located behind the door. Jamin's team investigated the site in March 2012.[14]. With the help of several technologies, the team confirmed the existence of cavities [15]. Based on the results of the non‑techniques used by Jamin's team, one of their assumptions is that the site could be a burial tomb.*[16][17]. On May 22nd 2012, Jamin submitted a new project proposal to the Ministry of Culture to open the door. In November 2012, the Ministry of Culture refused authorization to excavate the site[18]. In December 2012, an appeal was submitted by the Instituto Inkari. As of 2013 March 15. The final decision was totally negative due to lack of serious historical research. The hipotetical research of Mr. jamin in Machu Picchu, which has not a real historical base, has sparked a strong polemic between David Ugarte, the regional director of Peru's National Culture Institute, Fernando Astete, the director of the site of Machu Picchu, and Jamin. Ugarte argued that excavation could jeopardize the stability of the building structure, and that the team was planning to excavate 600 square meters. He also mentioned that Jamin and his team were adventurers only interested in the discovery of treasures.

Death threats, International warrant of arrest and polemics

In 2004, Jamin and his team received death threats, and both the Peruvian and the French authorities placed him under police protection. In 2007, Jamin was himself accused of death threats, insults, calumnies and defamations by a local treasure hunter and an international warrant of arrest was issued by Interpol. The accusations were proven false and Jamin was released with no charge against him.

Publications

Books and publications written by Jamin include:

  • Jeu de piste chez les Incas, July - August 2010, História. N˚ 126
  • Jamin, Thierry (November 2007). Pusharo, la memoria recobrada de los Incas (in Spanish). Lima: Edisa. ISBN 9972335662. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help)
  • Jamin, Thierry; Ruquier, Pierre-Albert (2006). L'Eldorado Inca : A la recherche de Païtiti (in French). Paris: Hugo & Compagnie. ISBN 978-2755600988. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Thierry Jamin's Master Degree" (PDF). granpaititi.com (in French).
  2. ^ Ursula Thiermann (2001). "The dots of Pantiacolla". In David Hatcher Childress (ed.). Far Out Adventures: The Best of World Explorer Magazine. Adventures Unlimited Press. p. 266. ISBN 978-0932813794.
  3. ^ "Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2005" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Cultura - Comision Regional Tecnica de Arqueologia (in Spanish).
  4. ^ "Eldorado-Païtiti, un Français cherche la cité perdue des Incas". Les grands secrets de l'archéologie (in French). N˚9. August 2008. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  5. ^ "Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2007-2008" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Cultura - Comision Regional Tecnica de Arqueologia (in Spanish).
  6. ^ Don Jaque. El Diario Judicial de Madre de Dios. # 1987, Monday May 4th 2009. {{cite book}}: External link in |title= (help)
  7. ^ "Paititi, à la recherche de la cité perdue" (video) (in French). TF1. Retrieved 16 March 2013.
  8. ^ "Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2010" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Cultura (in Spanish).
  9. ^ "Hallan restos arqueológicos de construcciones inkas en valles de Laco y Chunchusmayo. El Comercio, Año CXIV - # 34.010. Friday October 15 2010". El Comercio (in Spanish). {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |locqtion= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |nocando= ignored (help)
  10. ^ "Resolucion Directoral, Campaign 2011" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Cultura (in Spanish).
  11. ^ "L'Eldorado et la cité perdue des Incas". Le Figaro (in French). France. 6 September 2011. Retrieved 17 March 2013.
  12. ^ "Diploma, April 2008" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Cultura - Direccion Regional de Madre de Dios (in Spanish).
  13. ^ "Interview de David Crespy" (video) (in French). JungleDocProd. Retrieved 17 March 2013.
  14. ^ "La Porte Secrete de Machu Picchu" (in French). Euronews. Retrieved 2013-02-19.
  15. ^ "Machu Picchu 2012 : The discovery and the geophysical survey" (video). JungleDocProd. Retrieved 17 March 2013.
  16. ^ "Heritage Daily - Claims of possible burial tomb discovered in Machu Picchu". Retrieved 2013-03-16.
  17. ^ "National Geographic - ¿Esconde algo Machu Picchu?" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2013-03-16.
  18. ^ "IBTimes - Archaeologist blocked From making breakthrough find at Machu Picchu". Retrieved 2013-03-16.

External links

Works by Jamin
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