Jump to content

Barbara Hepworth: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m →‎Recognition: I added her CBE and DBE, with a citation.
m I created a Commissions section.
Line 32: Line 32:


Her eldest son, Paul, was killed on 13 February 1953 in a plane crash while serving with the [[Royal Air Force]] in Thailand. A memorial to him, ''Madonna and Child'', is in the parish church of St Ives.<ref name=bio1/>
Her eldest son, Paul, was killed on 13 February 1953 in a plane crash while serving with the [[Royal Air Force]] in Thailand. A memorial to him, ''Madonna and Child'', is in the parish church of St Ives.<ref name=bio1/>

⚫
One of her most prestigious works is ''Single Form'',<ref name=bio2/> in memory of her friend and collector of her works [[Dag Hammarskjöld]], at the United Nations building in New York City. It was commissioned in 1961 by the Jacob and Hilda Blaustein Foundation following Hammarskjöld's death in a plane crash.


Some of her smaller works were produced in limited editions.<ref name=bbc/> One example is the bronze ''Oval Form'' (1965), about six inches across, which had an edition of 9 copies, one of which she donated as a school prize to [[St Ives School (technical college)|St Ives School]] in Cornwall, where she was governor.<ref name=bbc /> It was latterly used as a paperweight.<ref name=dixon/>
Some of her smaller works were produced in limited editions.<ref name=bbc/> One example is the bronze ''Oval Form'' (1965), about six inches across, which had an edition of 9 copies, one of which she donated as a school prize to [[St Ives School (technical college)|St Ives School]] in Cornwall, where she was governor.<ref name=bbc /> It was latterly used as a paperweight.<ref name=dixon/>


Hepworth was featured in the 1964 documentary film ''5 British Sculptors (Work and Talk)'' by American filmmaker [[Warren Forma]]. She was made a [[Order of the British Empire|dame]] in 1965,<ref name=gazette/> ten years before her death during a fire in her [[St Ives, Cornwall|St Ives]] studio in [[Cornwall]], aged seventy-two.
Hepworth was featured in the 1964 documentary film ''5 British Sculptors (Work and Talk)'' by American filmmaker [[Warren Forma]].


==St. Ives==
==St. Ives==
Line 53: Line 51:


Marble portrait heads dating from London, ca. 1927, of Barbara Hepworth by [[John Skeaping]], and of Skeaping by Hepworth, are documented by photograph in the Skeaping Retrospective catalogue,<ref name=skeaping/> but are both believed to be lost.
Marble portrait heads dating from London, ca. 1927, of Barbara Hepworth by [[John Skeaping]], and of Skeaping by Hepworth, are documented by photograph in the Skeaping Retrospective catalogue,<ref name=skeaping/> but are both believed to be lost.

==Commissions==
⚫
One of her most prestigious works is ''Single Form'',<ref name=bio2/> in memory of her friend and collector of her works [[Dag Hammarskjöld]], at the United Nations building in New York City. It was commissioned in 1961 by the Jacob and Hilda Blaustein Foundation following Hammarskjöld's death in a plane crash.


==Controversy==
==Controversy==

Revision as of 20:31, 29 January 2014

Dame Barbara Hepworth
Hepworth in 1966
Born
Jocelyn Barbara Hepworth

10 January 1903
Wakefield, West Riding of Yorkshire
Died20 May 1975(1975-05-20) (aged 72)
St Ives, Cornwall
NationalityBritish
EducationLeeds School of Art, Royal College of Art
Known forSculpture
MovementModernism, Abstract art
AwardsDBE
Websitewww.barbarahepworth.org.uk

Dame Barbara Hepworth DBE (10 January 1903 – 20 May 1975) was an English sculptor. Her work exemplifies Modernism, and with such contemporaries as Ivon Hitchens, Henry Moore, Ben Nicholson, Naum Gabo she helped to develop modern art (sculpture in particular) in Britain.

Early life

File:Hepworth FamilyOfMan 1970.jpg
Hepworth's Family of Man (1970), bronze, Yorkshire Sculpture Park

Jocelyn Barbara Hepworth was born on 10 January 1903 in Wakefield, West Riding of Yorkshire, the eldest child of Herbert and Gertrude Hepworth.[1] Her father was a civil engineer for the West Riding County Council, who in 1921 became County Surveyor.[2] She attended Wakefield Girls High School, and won a scholarship and studied at the Leeds School of Art from 1920 (where she met Moore). She then won a County scholarship to the Royal College of Art and studied there from 1921 until she was awarded the diploma of the Royal College of Art in 1924.[3]

Early career

Following her studies at the RCA, Hepworth travelled to Florence, Italy in 1924 on a West Riding Travel Scholarship.[4] Hepworth was also the runner-up for the Prix-de-Rome, which the sculptor John Skeaping won.[5] After traveling together through Siena and Rome, Hepworth married Skeaping on 13 May 1925 in Florence.[1] Their son Paul was born in London in 1929.[6]

Hepworth married the painter Ben Nicholson on 17 November 1938 at Hampstead Register Office, following his divorce from his wife Winifred.[7] The couple had triplets in 1934, Simon, Rachel and Sarah; Simon also became an artist. The couple divorced in 1951.[8]

Her eldest son, Paul, was killed on 13 February 1953 in a plane crash while serving with the Royal Air Force in Thailand. A memorial to him, Madonna and Child, is in the parish church of St Ives.[9]

Some of her smaller works were produced in limited editions.[10] One example is the bronze Oval Form (1965), about six inches across, which had an edition of 9 copies, one of which she donated as a school prize to St Ives School in Cornwall, where she was governor.[10] It was latterly used as a paperweight.[11]

Hepworth was featured in the 1964 documentary film 5 British Sculptors (Work and Talk) by American filmmaker Warren Forma.

St. Ives

Hepworth, her husband Ben Nicholson and their children first visited Cornwall at the outbreak of the war in 1939.[12]

Hepworth lived in Trewyn Studios in St. Ives from 1949 until her death in 1975.[13] During this period, Hepworth moved away from working only in stone or wood and began to work with bronze.[14]

She also began to experiment with printmaking.


Galleries holding her work

There are two major museums dedicated specifically to the art of Barbara Hepworth: the Barbara Hepworth Museum in St. Ives and the Hepworth Wakefield in West Yorkshire.[15][16]

Her work may also be seen at St Catherine's College, Oxford,[17] the School of Music at Cardiff University,[18] the Yorkshire Sculpture Park in West Bretton, West Yorkshire; Clare College,[19] Churchill College[20] and Murray Edwards College (formerly New Hall),[21] Cambridge; Snape Maltings, Snape, Suffolk; and on view in or attached to the John Lewis department store,[22] part of the John Lewis Partnership, in Oxford Street (see picture); and Kenwood House, both in London. Seaform (Atlantic) was placed in front of Norwich Playhouse in 2008.[23] Her 1966 work, Construction (Crucifixion): Homage to Mondrian,[24] can be seen in the grounds of Winchester Cathedral next to The Pilgrims' School; Hieroglyph can be seen at Leeds Art Gallery.[25] The Tate Gallery owns many of her works. In the Netherlands, the Kröller-Müller Museum also owns several of her sculptures. Curved Form (Trevalgan) (1956), which stood in Margaret Gardiner's rear garden in Hampstead, is now at the Pier Art Gallery in Stromness together with 67 other works donated by Gardiner. Trevalgan was Hepworth's first entire bronze form.

Marble portrait heads dating from London, ca. 1927, of Barbara Hepworth by John Skeaping, and of Skeaping by Hepworth, are documented by photograph in the Skeaping Retrospective catalogue,[26] but are both believed to be lost.

Commissions

One of her most prestigious works is Single Form,[27] in memory of her friend and collector of her works Dag Hammarskjöld, at the United Nations building in New York City. It was commissioned in 1961 by the Jacob and Hilda Blaustein Foundation following Hammarskjöld's death in a plane crash.

Controversy

On 20 December 2011, her 1969 sculpture Two Forms (Divided Circle) was stolen, from its plinth in Dulwich Park, South London, by suspected scrap metal thieves. The piece, which had been in the park since 1970, was insured for £500,000, a spokesman for Southwark Council said.[28]

Recognition

Hepworth was awarded the Freedom of St. Ives award in 1968 as an acknowledgment of her significant contributions to the town.[29] She was awarded honorary degrees from Birmingham (1960), Leeds (1961), Exeter (1966), Oxford (1968), London (1970) and Manchester (1971). [30] She was appointed CBE in 1958 and DBE in 1965.[31] In 1973 she was elected an honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters.[32]

Following her death, her studio and home in St. Ives became the Barbara Hepworth Museum, which came under control of the Tate in 1980.[29]

In 2011, the Hepworth Wakefield opened in Hepworth's hometown of Wakefield, England.[33] The Museum was designed by the famed architect David Chipperfield.[33]

Gallery

List of selected works

1928 Doves Parian marble
1932–33 Seated Figure lignum vitae
1933 Two Forms alabaster and limestone
1934 Mother and Child Cumberland alabaster
1935 Three Forms Seravezza marble
1936 Ball Plane and Hole lignum vitae, mahogany and oak
1937 Pierced Hemisphere 1 white marble
1940 Sculpture with Colour (Deep Blue and Red) mixed
1943 Oval Sculpture cast material
1943–44 Wave wood, paint and string
1944 Landscape Sculpture wood (cast in bronze, 1961)
1946 Pelagos wood, paint and string
Tides wood and paint
1947 Blue and green (arthroplasty) 31 December 1947 oil and pencil on pressed paperboard
1949 Operation: Case for Discussion oil and pencil on pressed paperboard
1951 Group I (Concourse) 4 February 1951 Serravezza marble
1953 Hieroglyph Ancaster stone
1954–55 Two Figures teak and paint
1955 Oval Sculpture (Delos) scented guarea wood and paint
1955–56 Coré bronze
1956 Curved Form (Trevalgan) bronze (see external link to collection of Margaret Gardiner)
1956 Orpheus (Maquette), Version II brass and cotton string
Stringed Figure (Curlew), Version II brass and cotton string
1958 Cantate Domino bronze
Sea Form (Porthmeor) bronze
1959 Curved form with inner form – anima bronze
1960 Figure for Landscape bronze
Archaeon bronze
1961 Curved Form (Bryher) bronze
1962–63 Bronze Form (Patmos) bronze
19663 Winged Figure bronze
1963-65 Sphere with Inner Form bronze
1964 Rock Form (Porthcurno) bronze
Sea Form (Atlantic) bronze
Oval Form (Trezion) bronze
1966 Figure in a Landscape bronze on wooden base
Four-Square Walk Through bronze
1968 Two Figures bronze and gold
1969 Two Forms (Divided Circle) bronze
1970 Family of Man bronze
1971 The Aegean Suite series of prints
Summer Dance painted bronze
1972 Minoan Head marble on wooden base
Assembly of Sea Forms white marble
mounted on stainless steel base
1973? Conversation with Magic Stones bronze and silver

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Barbara Hepworth: Biography. Hepworth Estate. Retrieved 29 January 2014
  2. ^ "Biography" Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  3. ^ "Barbara Hepworth". Cornwall County Council. 2007. Archived from the original on 25 October 2007.
  4. ^ Gale, Matthew "Artist Biography: Barbara Hepworth 1903-75" Tate, Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  5. ^ Gale, Matthew "Artist Biography: Barbara Hepworth 1903-75" Tate, Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  6. ^ Gale, Matthew "Artist Biography: Barbara Hepworth 1903-75" Tate, Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  7. ^ Bowness, Alan. "Life and Work" Retrieved 29 January, 2014.
  8. ^ Riggs, Terry "Artist Biography: Ben Nicholson OM 1894-1982" Tate, Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  9. ^ "Selected sculptures: Madonna and Child". Hepworth Estate. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  10. ^ a b "Falmouth National Maritime Museum 2". Antiques Roadshow. Episode 8. 25 November 2012. BBC. Retrieved 25 November 2012. {{cite episode}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |transcripturl= (help); Unknown parameter |serieslink= ignored (|series-link= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |seriesno= ignored (|series-number= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ Dixon, Hayley. "Barbara Hepworth paperweight on headteacher's desk for decades is £80k piece". Mail Online. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
  12. ^ "About Barbara Hepworth Museum and Sculpture Garden", Tate, Retrieved 29 January, 2014.
  13. ^ "About Barbara Hepworth Museum and Sculpture Garden", Tate, Retrieved 29 January, 2014.
  14. ^ "About Barbara Hepworth Museum and Sculpture Garden", Tate, Retrieved 29 January, 2014.
  15. ^ "Yorkshire's major new art gallery, opening 21 May 2011". Hepworth Wakefield. Archived from the original on 10 May 2011. Retrieved 29 January 2014. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; 10 March 2011 suggested (help)
  16. ^ "New Barbara Hepworth gallery opens in Wakefield". BBC News. 21 May 2011. Archived from the original on 21 May 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  17. ^ "Selected sculptures: Figure (Archaean)". Hepworth Estate. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  18. ^ "Selected sculptures: Three Obliques (Walk-In)". Hepworth Estate. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  19. ^ "Selected sculptures: Two Forms (Divided Circle)". Hepworth Estate. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  20. ^ "Selected sculptures: Four-Square (Walk Through)". Hepworth Estate. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  21. ^ "History of Art". Murray Edwards College, Cambridge. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  22. ^ "Commissions: Winged Figure". Hepworth Estate. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  23. ^ "Norwich Sculpture Trails: 2 Around the Cathedral and the Castle" (PDF). Recording Archive for Public Sculpture in Norfolk and Suffolk. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  24. ^ "Selected sculptures: Construction (Crucifixion)". Hepworth Estate. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  25. ^ "Leeds Art Gallery Online". Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  26. ^ John Skeaping 1901–80: A Retrospective (exhibition catalogue). London: Arthur Ackermann and Son, 1991, p. 7
  27. ^ "Commissions: Single Form". Hepworth Estate. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  28. ^ "Barbara Hepworth sculpture stolen from Dulwich park". BBC News. 20 December 2011. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  29. ^ a b Gale, Matthew. "Artist Biography: Barbara Hepworth 1903-1975" Tate, Retrieved 29 January 2014.
  30. ^ Bowness, Alan. "Life and Work" Retrieved 29 January, 2014.
  31. ^ Bowness, Alan. "Life and Work" Retrieved 29 January, 2014.
  32. ^ [1] Retrieved 29 January, 2014.
  33. ^ a b "Our Journey" Hepworth Wakefield, Retrieved 29 January 2014.
Cite error: A list-defined reference named "gazette" is not used in the content (see the help page).

Further reading

  • Penelope Curtis, Barbara Hepworth. Tate Publishing, ISBN 1-85437-225-4.
  • Barbara Hepworth, Hepworth, Barbara: A Pictorial Autobiography. Tate Publishing, ISBN 1-85437-149-5.
  • Media related to Barbara Hepworth at Wikimedia Commons
  • Quotations related to Barbara Hepworth at Wikiquote

External links

Template:Persondata

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Hepworth&oldid=593009532"