Lauenen: Difference between revisions

Lauenen
Lauenen
Municipality
	Lauenen village and church
	Coat of arms
	Location of Lauenen
Country	Switzerland
Canton	Bern
District	Obersimmental-Saanen
Government
• Mayor	Ruedi Trachsel
Area
• Total	57.8 km2 (22.3 sq mi)
Elevation	1,252 m (4,108 ft)
Population (31 December 2018)
• Total	825
• Density	14/km2 (37/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (Central European Time)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (Central European Summer Time)
Postal code(s)	3782
SFOS number	0842
ISO 3166 code	CH-BE
Surrounded by	Saanen, Lenk, Ayent, Savièse, Gsteig bei Gstaad.
Website	www.lauenen.ch ; SFSO statistics

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Lauenen (French: Lauvine, Romansh: Lavina) is a municipality in the Obersimmental-Saanen administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

History

Lauenen is first mentioned in 1296 as an der Lowinon.^[3] Lauenen is known as an area with substantial danger of landslides and avalanches, which is the origin of its name (German Lawine "landslide," from Latin labina "slide").

The oldest trace of a settlement in the area is a single Bronze Age artifact found at Feissenalp. Roman coins were found on the Wildhorn and near the village church. During much of the Middle Ages, Lauenen was part of the municipality and parish of Saanen. After years of negotiations, Lauenen became an independent parish in 1522 and finished building the parish church in 1524. When Bern accepted the new faith of the Protestant Reformation in 1528, Lauenen remained by the old faith. Finally, in 1556, the Reformation was introduced to this mountain village and they converted.^[3]

Traditionally the villagers supported themselves by raising crops on the valley floor and raising cattle in seasonal alpine camps. In the 1800s the nearby community of Gstaad became an internationally known spa town. As tourists flocked to Gstaad, Lauenen became a destination as well and grew wealthy. Many of the richly decorated houses in the village were built with profits from the tourist industry. In the 1970s the tourist industry in Lauenen changed as visitors bought vacation chalets and villas.^[3]

Geography

Lauenen Lake surrounded by the Swiss Alps. The Wildhorn is one of the peaks in the background right.

Lauenen has an area of 58.49 km² (22.58 sq mi).^[4] As of 2012, a total of 22.38 km² (8.64 sq mi) or 38.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while 14.69 km² (5.67 sq mi) or 25.0% is forested. The rest of the municipality is 0.76 km² (0.29 sq mi) or 1.3% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.61 km² (0.24 sq mi) or 1.0% is either rivers or lakes and 20.3 km² (7.8 sq mi) or 34.6% is unproductive land.^[5]

During the same year, housing and buildings made up 0.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.5%. A total of 20.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 3.7% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 8.8% is pasturage and 29.3% is used for alpine pastures. Of the water in the municipality, 0.3% is in lakes and 0.8% is in rivers and streams. Of the unproductive areas, 5.4% is unproductive vegetation, 24.3% is too rocky for vegetation and 4.9% of the land is covered by glaciers.^[5]

Lauenen lies in the Bernese Oberland in the Lauenen Valley. The mountains in the south of the municipality, for instance Wildhorn (3,243 m (10,640 ft)) form the border with the canton of Valais. The municipality has a number of notable glaciers and lakes, including the Tungel Glacier, the Gelten Glacier, and Lake Lauenen. It consists of the village of Lauenen and several scattered small communities.

On 31 December 2009 Amtsbezirk Saanen, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Verwaltungskreis Obersimmental-Saanen.^[6]

Coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Gules a Crane rising Argent beaked and membered Or on a Mount of 3 Coupeaux of the second all dimidiated impaled with Azure a Key Or.^[7]

Demographics

Lauenen has a population (as of December 2020^[update]) of 828.^[8] As of 2011^[update], 11.8% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last year (2010-2011) the population has changed at a rate of 0.5%. Migration accounted for -0.6%, while births and deaths accounted for 1.0%.^[9]

Most of the population (as of 2000^[update]) speaks German (742 or 93.5%) as their first language, Albanian is the second most common (23 or 2.9%) and French is the third (13 or 1.6%).^[10]

As of 2008^[update], the population was 49.6% male and 50.4% female. The population was made up of 351 Swiss men (43.8% of the population) and 47 (5.9%) non-Swiss men. There were 364 Swiss women (45.4%) and 40 (5.0%) non-Swiss women.^[11] Of the population in the municipality, 500 or about 63.0% were born in Lauenen and lived there in 2000. There were 170 or 21.4% who were born in the same canton, while 49 or 6.2% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 70 or 8.8% were born outside of Switzerland.^[10]

As of 2011^[update], children and teenagers (0-19 years old) make up 22.5% of the population, while adults (20-64 years old) make up 59.8% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 17.7%.^[9]

As of 2000^[update], there were 351 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 375 married individuals, 45 widows or widowers and 23 individuals who are divorced.^[10]

As of 2010^[update], there were 90 households that consist of only one person and 37 households with five or more people.^[12] In 2000^[update], a total of 277 apartments (53.2% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 197 apartments (37.8%) were seasonally occupied and 47 apartments (9.0%) were empty.^[13] As of 2010^[update], the construction rate of new housing units was 23.7 new units per 1000 residents.^[9] The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010^[update], was 0.15%. In 2011, single family homes made up 33.9% of the total housing in the municipality.^[14]

The historical population is given in the following chart:^[3]^[15]^[16]

Heritage sites of national significance

The former farm house and mill at Dorf 247 is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance.^[17]

Politics

In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party (SVP) which received 65.8% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Conservative Democratic Party (BDP) (9.9%), the Social Democratic Party (SP) (7.9%) and the Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland (EDU) (4.3%). In the federal election, a total of 350 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 57.1%.^[18]

Economy

As of 2011^[update], Lauenen had an unemployment rate of 1.37%. As of 2008^[update], there were a total of 346 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 179 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 59 businesses involved in this sector. 69 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 13 businesses in this sector. 98 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 18 businesses in this sector.^[9] There were 417 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 39.8% of the workforce.

In 2008^[update] there were a total of 231 full-time equivalent jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 97, of which 91 were in agriculture and 6 were in forestry or lumber production. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 56 of which 15 or (26.8%) were in manufacturing and 42 (75.0%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 78. In the tertiary sector; 11 or 14.1% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 2 or 2.6% were in the movement and storage of goods, 34 or 43.6% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, 2 or 2.6% were technical professionals or scientists, 5 or 6.4% were in education and 11 or 14.1% were in health care.^[19]

In 2000^[update], there were 45 workers who commuted into the municipality and 158 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 3.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 259 workers (85.2% of the 304 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Lauenen.^[20] Of the working population, 9.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 52.8% used a private car.^[9]

In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Lauenen making 150,000 CHF was 12.9%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 18.9%.^[21] For comparison, the average rate for the entire canton in the same year, was 14.2% and 22.0%, while the nationwide average was 12.3% and 21.1% respectively.^[22]

In 2009 there were a total of 301 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 71 made over 75,000 CHF per year. There were 7 people who made between 15,000 and 20,000 per year. The greatest number of workers, 84, made between 50,000 and 75,000 CHF per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Lauenen was 120,455 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF.^[23]

In 2011 a total of 0.5% of the population received direct financial assistance from the government.^[24]

Religion

From the 2000 census^[update], 647 or 81.5% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church, while 47 or 5.9% were Roman Catholic. Of the rest of the population, there were 49 individuals (or about 6.17% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 19 (or about 2.39% of the population) who were Muslim. There was 1 person who was Buddhist. 22 (or about 2.77% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 9 individuals (or about 1.13% of the population) did not answer the question.^[10]

Education

In Lauenen about 49% of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 11.1% have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).^[9] Of the 51 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 54.9% were Swiss men, 15.7% were Swiss women, 15.7% were non-Swiss men and 13.7% were non-Swiss women.^[10]

The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.^[25]

During the 2011-12 school year, there were a total of 64 students attending classes in Lauenen. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 11 students in the municipality. The municipality had 2 primary classes and 42 students. Of the primary students, 4.8% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 2.4% have a different mother language than the classroom language. During the same year, there was one lower secondary class with a total of 11 students.^[26]

As of 2000^[update], there were a total of 101 students attending any school in the municipality. Of those, 100 both lived and attended school in the municipality, while one student came from another municipality. During the same year, 18 residents attended schools outside the municipality.^[20]

Famous people

Gottfried Straßer (1854–1912), minister a poet (born in Lauenen)
Ernst Friedrich Langhans (1829–1880) worked as reformed minister in Lauenen from 1855 to 1858

References

^ ^a ^b "Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeinden nach 4 Hauptbereichen". Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
^ "Ständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeitskategorie Geschlecht und Gemeinde; Provisorische Jahresergebnisse; 2018". Federal Statistical Office. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Lauenen in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
^ Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeindedaten nach 4 Hauptbereichen
^ ^a ^b Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics 2009 data Template:De icon accessed 25 March 2010
^ Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz Template:De icon accessed 4 April 2011
^ Flags of the World.com accessed 12 March 2014
^ "Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehörigkeit". bfs.admin.ch (in German). Swiss Federal Statistical Office - STAT-TAB. 31 December 2020. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 12 March 2014
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000 Template:De icon accessed 2 February 2011
^ Statistical office of the Canton of Bern Template:De icon accessed 4 January 2012
^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Haushaltsgrösse Template:De icon accessed 8 May 2013
^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen Template:De icon accessed 28 January 2011
^ Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Anteil Einfamilienhäuser am gesamten Gebäudebestand, 2011 accessed 17 June 2013
^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 Template:De icon accessed 29 January 2011
^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Ständige Wohnbevölkerung in Privathaushalten nach Gemeinde und Haushaltsgrösse Template:De icon accessed 12 August 2013
^ "Kantonsliste A-Objekte". KGS Inventar (in German). Federal Office of Civil Protection. 2009. Retrieved 25 April 2011. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help)
^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office 2011 Election Template:De icon accessed 8 May 2012
^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 Template:De icon accessed 28 January 2011
^ ^a ^b Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb Template:De icon accessed 24 June 2010
^ Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Steuerbelastung, 2011 Politische Gemeinden Template:De icon accessed 15 May 2013
^ Swiss Federal Tax Administration - Grafische Darstellung der Steuerbelastung 2011 in den Kantonen Template:De icon Template:Fr icon accessed 17 June 2013
^ Federal Tax Administration Report Direkte Bundessteuer - Natürliche Personen - Gemeinden - Steuerjahr 2009 Template:De icon Template:Fr icon accessed 15 May 2013
^ Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Bezüger/-innen von Sozialhilfeleistungen (Sozialhilfeempfänger/-innen), 2011 accessed 18 June 2013
^ EDK/CDIP/IDES (2010). Kantonale Schulstrukturen in der Schweiz und im Fürstentum Liechtenstein / Structures Scolaires Cantonales en Suisse et Dans la Principauté du Liechtenstein (PDF) (Report). Retrieved 24 June 2010.
^ Schuljahr 2011/12 pdf document Template:De icon accessed 9 May 2013

External links

Website about Lake Lauenen region, including pictures and routes Template:De icon
Lauenen in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.

[wikidata-34465df301612b4c187d3751abe3e95527f60501-v13-1] "Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeinden nach 4 Hauptbereichen". Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 13 January 2019.

[wikidata-08bd17aa84cda5e3983f082e36c9004a86cf08fc-v13-2] "Ständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeitskategorie Geschlecht und Gemeinde; Provisorische Jahresergebnisse; 2018". Federal Statistical Office. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2019.

[HDS-3] Lauenen in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.

[Arealstatistik-4] Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeindedaten nach 4 Hauptbereichen

[BFS_land-5] Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics 2009 data Template:De icon accessed 25 March 2010

[Mutation-6] Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz Template:De icon accessed 4 April 2011

[7] Flags of the World.com accessed 12 March 2014

[Stat2020_BE-8] "Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehörigkeit". bfs.admin.ch (in German). Swiss Federal Statistical Office - STAT-TAB. 31 December 2020. Retrieved 21 September 2021.

[SFSO-9] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 12 March 2014

[STAT2000-10] STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000 Template:De icon accessed 2 February 2011

[BE_Stat-11] Statistical office of the Canton of Bern Template:De icon accessed 4 January 2012

[12] Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Haushaltsgrösse Template:De icon accessed 8 May 2013

[Housing-13] Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen Template:De icon accessed 28 January 2011

[14] Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Anteil Einfamilienhäuser am gesamten Gebäudebestand, 2011 accessed 17 June 2013

[15] Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 Template:De icon accessed 29 January 2011

[16] Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Ständige Wohnbevölkerung in Privathaushalten nach Gemeinde und Haushaltsgrösse Template:De icon accessed 12 August 2013

[17] "Kantonsliste A-Objekte". KGS Inventar (in German). Federal Office of Civil Protection. 2009. Retrieved 25 April 2011. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help)

[election_2011-18] Swiss Federal Statistical Office 2011 Election Template:De icon accessed 8 May 2012

[19] Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 Template:De icon accessed 28 January 2011

[commuter-20] Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb Template:De icon accessed 24 June 2010

[21] Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Steuerbelastung, 2011 Politische Gemeinden Template:De icon accessed 15 May 2013

[22] Swiss Federal Tax Administration - Grafische Darstellung der Steuerbelastung 2011 in den Kantonen Template:De icon Template:Fr icon accessed 17 June 2013

[23] Federal Tax Administration Report Direkte Bundessteuer - Natürliche Personen - Gemeinden - Steuerjahr 2009 Template:De icon Template:Fr icon accessed 15 May 2013

[24] Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Bezüger/-innen von Sozialhilfeleistungen (Sozialhilfeempfänger/-innen), 2011 accessed 18 June 2013

[25] EDK/CDIP/IDES (2010). Kantonale Schulstrukturen in der Schweiz und im Fürstentum Liechtenstein / Structures Scolaires Cantonales en Suisse et Dans la Principauté du Liechtenstein (PDF) (Report). Retrieved 24 June 2010.

[School-26] Schuljahr 2011/12 pdf document Template:De icon accessed 9 May 2013

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Infobox Swiss town
  | subject_name		= Lauenen
- | municipality_name	= lauenen.gif
+ | municipality_name	= Lauenen
  | municipality_type	= municipality
  | imagepath_coa	= Lauenen-coat of arms.svg|pixel_coa=
+ | image_photo          = LauenenKirche.JPG
+ | image_caption        = Lauenen village and church
  | map			=
  | languages		= German
@@ Line 14: / Line 16: @@
  | area			= 58.7
  | elevation		= 1252|elevation_description=
+ | population           = 806 | populationof = Dec 2011 |  popofyear = 2011
- | population		= {{Swiss populations NC|CH-BE|0842}} | populationof = {{Swiss populations YM|CH-BE}} |  popofyear = {{Swiss populations Y|CH-BE}}
  | website		= www.lauenen.ch
  | mayor		= Ruedi Trachsel|mayor_asof=|mayor_party=
@@ Line 27: / Line 29: @@
 ==History==
+[[File:SAM PC 1 - Tally sticks 1 - Item 01.jpg|thumb|Left|Tally sticks from Alp Blattiberg (Lauenen municipality), 1786/1815. Front: name of entitled person, reverse: notches for cow rights. For this alp, there are 87 cow rights divided among 23 owners.]]
 Lauenen is first mentioned in 1296 as ''an der Lowinon''.<ref name=HDS/>  Lauenen is known as an area with substantial danger of [[landslide]]s and [[avalanche]]s, which is the origin of its name (German ''Lawine'' "landslide," from Latin ''labina'' "slide").
+The oldest trace of a settlement in the area is a single [[Bronze Age]] artifact found at Feissenalp.  [[Switzerland in the Roman era|Roman]] coins were found on the Wildhorn and near the village church.  During much of the Middle Ages, Lauenen was part of the municipality and [[parish]] of [[Saanen]].  After years of negotiations, Lauenen became an independent parish in 1522 and finished building the [[parish church]] in 1524.  When [[Bern]] accepted the new faith of the [[Protestant Reformation]] in 1528, Lauenen remained by the old faith.  Finally, in 1556, the Reformation was introduced to this mountain village and they converted.<ref name=HDS/>
+Traditionally the villagers supported themselves by raising crops on the valley floor and raising cattle in [[Transhumance in the Alps|seasonal alpine camps]].  In the 1800s the nearby community of [[Gstaad]] became an internationally known spa town.  As tourists flocked to Gstaad, Lauenen became a destination as well and grew wealthy.  Many of the richly decorated houses in the village were built with profits from the tourist industry.  In the 1970s the tourist industry in Lauenen changed as visitors bought vacation chalets and villas.<ref name=HDS/>
 ==Geography==
+[[File:Lauenental.jpg|thumb|Lauenen Lake surrounded by the Swiss Alps.  The Wildhorn is one of the peaks in the background right.]]
-Lauenen has an area, {{as of|2009|lc=on}}, of {{convert|58.73|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.  Of this area, {{convert|22.38|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 38.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while {{convert|14.69|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 25.0% is forested.   Of the rest of the land, {{convert|0.76|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 1.3% is settled (buildings or roads), {{convert|0.61|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 1.0% is either rivers or lakes and {{convert|20.3|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 34.6% is unproductive land.<ref name=BFS_land>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/02/03/blank/data/gemeindedaten.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics] 2009 data {{de icon}} accessed 25 March 2010</ref>
+Lauenen has an area of {{Swiss area|0842|mi=on}}.{{Swiss area data|0842|QUELLE}}<!--58.73 - 58.74 km2-->  As of 2012, a total of {{convert|22.38|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 38.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while {{convert|14.69|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 25.0% is forested.   The rest of the municipality is {{convert|0.76|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 1.3% is settled (buildings or roads), {{convert|0.61|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 1.0% is either rivers or lakes and {{convert|20.3|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 34.6% is unproductive land.<ref name=BFS_land>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/02/03/blank/data/gemeindedaten.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics] 2009 data {{de icon}} accessed 25 March 2010</ref>
-Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 0.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.5%.  20.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 3.7% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees.  Of the agricultural land, 8.8% is pastures and 29.3% is used for alpine pastures.  All the water in the municipality is in rivers and streams.  Of the unproductive areas, 5.4% is unproductive vegetation, 24.3% is too rocky for vegetation and 4.9% of the land is covered by glaciers.<ref name=BFS_land/>
+During the same year, housing and buildings made up 0.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.5%.  A total of 20.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 3.7% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees.  Of the agricultural land, 8.8% is pasturage and 29.3% is used for alpine pastures.  Of the water in the municipality, 0.3% is in lakes and 0.8% is in rivers and streams.  Of the unproductive areas, 5.4% is unproductive vegetation, 24.3% is too rocky for vegetation and 4.9% of the land is covered by glaciers.<ref name=BFS_land/>
-Lauenen lies in the [[Bernese Oberland]] in the Lauenen Valley. The mountains in the south of the municipality, for instance [[Wildhorn]] ({{convert|3243|m|ft|abbr=on}}) form the border with the [[canton of Valais]]. The municipality has a number of notable glaciers and lakes, including the [[Tungel Glacier]], the [[Gelten Glacier]], and [[Lake Lauenen]].
+Lauenen lies in the [[Bernese Oberland]] in the Lauenen Valley. The mountains in the south of the municipality, for instance [[Wildhorn]] ({{convert|3243|m|ft|abbr=on}}) form the border with the [[canton of Valais]]. The municipality has a number of notable glaciers and lakes, including the [[Tungel Glacier]], the [[Gelten Glacier]], and [[Lake Lauenen]].  It consists of the village of Lauenen and several scattered small communities.
+On 31 December 2009 Amtsbezirk Saanen, the municipality's former district, was dissolved.  On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Verwaltungskreis Obersimmental-Saanen.<ref name=Mutation>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/infothek/nomenklaturen/blank/blank/gem_liste/02.html Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz] {{de icon}} accessed 4 April 2011</ref>
+==Coat of arms==
+The [[blazon]] of the municipal [[coat of arms]] is ''Gules a Crane rising Argent beaked and membered Or on a Mount of 3 Coupeaux of the second all dimidiated impaled with Azure a Key Or.''<ref>[http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/ch-be296.html Flags of the World.com] accessed 12 March 2014</ref>
 ==Demographics==
-Lauenen has a population (as of {{Swiss populations date|CH-BE}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-BE|0842}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-BE}} {{as of|2007}}, 7.9% of the population was made up of foreign nationals.  Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 0.6%.  Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks German  (93.5%), with Albanian being second most common ( 2.9%) and French being third ( 1.6%).
+Lauenen has a population ({{as of|{{Swiss populations YM|CH-BE}}|lc=on}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-BE|0842}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-BE}}  {{as of|2011}}, 11.8% of the population are resident foreign nationals.  Over the last year (2010-2011) the population has changed at a rate of 0.5%.  Migration accounted for -0.6%, while births and deaths accounted for 1.0%.<ref name=SFSO>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office] accessed 12 March 2014</ref>
+Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks [[German language|German]] (742 or 93.5%) as their first language, [[Albanian language|Albanian]] is the second most common (23 or 2.9%) and [[French language|French]] is the third (13 or 1.6%).<ref name=STAT2000/>
+{{as of|2008}}, the population was 49.6% male and 50.4% female.  The population was made up of 351 Swiss men (43.8% of the population) and 47 (5.9%) non-Swiss men.  There were 364 Swiss women (45.4%) and 40 (5.0%) non-Swiss women.<ref name=BE_Stat>[http://www.fin.be.ch/de/index/finanzen/finanzen/publikationen/wohnbevoelkerung.html Statistical office of the Canton of Bern] {{de icon}} accessed 4 January 2012</ref>  Of the population in the municipality, 500 or about 63.0% were born in Lauenen and lived there in 2000.  There were 170 or 21.4% who were born in the same canton, while 49 or 6.2% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 70 or 8.8% were born outside of Switzerland.<ref name=STAT2000/>
+{{as of|2011}}, children and teenagers (0-19 years old) make up 22.5% of the population, while adults (20-64 years old) make up 59.8% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 17.7%.<ref name=SFSO/>
+{{as of|2000}}, there were 351 people who were single and never married in the municipality.  There were 375 married individuals, 45 widows or widowers and 23 individuals who are divorced.<ref name=STAT2000>[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.3%20-%202000/40.3%20-%202000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=3&openChild=true STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000]  {{de icon}} accessed 2 February 2011 </ref>
+{{as of|2010}}, there were 90 households that consist of only one person and 37 households with five or more people.<ref>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/04/blank/key/haushaltsgroesse.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Haushaltsgrösse] {{de icon}} accessed 8 May 2013</ref>  {{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, a total of 277 apartments (53.2% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 197 apartments (37.8%) were seasonally occupied and 47 apartments (9.0%) were empty.<ref name=Housing>[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_09%20-%20Bau-%20und%20Wohnungswesen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen.asp?lang=1&prod=09&secprod=2&openChild=true Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen] {{de icon}} accessed 28 January 2011</ref>  {{as of|2010}}, the construction rate of new housing units was 23.7 new units per 1000 residents.<ref name=SFSO/>  The vacancy rate for the municipality, {{as of|2010|alt=in 2010}}, was 0.15%.  In 2011, single family homes made up 33.9% of the total housing in the municipality.<ref>[http://www.atlas.bfs.admin.ch Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Anteil Einfamilienhäuser am gesamten Gebäudebestand, 2011] accessed 17 June 2013</ref>
+The historical population is given in the following chart:<ref name=HDS>{{HDS|478|Lauenen}}</ref><ref>[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.4%20-%201850-2000/40.4%20-%201850-2000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=4&openChild=true Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000] {{de icon}} accessed 29 January 2011</ref><ref>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/news/04/01.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Ständige Wohnbevölkerung in Privathaushalten nach Gemeinde und Haushaltsgrösse] {{de icon}} accessed 12 August 2013</ref>
+<timeline>
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+Period     = from:0 till:800
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+  bar:1764 from:start till:570 text:"570"
+  bar:1850 from:start till:696 text:"696"
+  bar:1860 from:start till:649 text:"649"
+  bar:1870 from:start till:667 text:"667"
+  bar:1880 from:start till:621 text:"621"
+  bar:1888 from:start till:601 text:"601"
+  bar:1900 from:start till:527 text:"527"
+  bar:1910 from:start till:611 text:"611"
+  bar:1920 from:start till:675 text:"675"
+  bar:1930 from:start till:631 text:"631"
+  bar:1941 from:start till:632 text:"632"
+  bar:1950 from:start till:607 text:"607"
+  bar:1960 from:start till:595 text:"595"
+  bar:1970 from:start till:602 text:"602"
+  bar:1980 from:start till:683 text:"683"
+  bar:1990 from:start till:749 text:"749"
+  bar:2000 from:start till:794 text:"794"
+  bar:2010 from:start till:792 text:"792"
+</timeline>
+==Heritage sites of national significance==
+The former farm house and mill at Dorf 247 is listed as a Swiss [[Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance|heritage site of national significance]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar/a-objekte.html|title=Kantonsliste A-Objekte|year=2009|work=[http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar.html KGS Inventar]|publisher=Federal Office of Civil Protection|language=German|accessdate=25 April 2011}}</ref>
+==Politics==
+In the 2011 [[Swiss federal election, 2011|federal election]] the most popular party was the [[Swiss People's Party|Swiss People's Party (SVP)]] which received 65.8% of the vote.  The next three most popular parties were the [[Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland|Conservative Democratic Party (BDP)]] (9.9%), the [[Social Democratic Party of Switzerland|Social Democratic Party (SP)]] (7.9%) and the [[Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland|Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland (EDU)]] (4.3%).  In the federal election, a total of 350 votes were cast, and the [[voter turnout]] was 57.1%.<ref name=election_2011>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/02/blank/data/05/03.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office 2011 Election] {{de icon}} accessed 8 May 2012</ref>
+==Economy==
+{{as of|2011|In 2011}}, Lauenen had an unemployment rate of 1.37%.  {{as of|2008}}, there were a total of 346 people employed in the municipality.  Of these, there were 179 people employed in the [[Primary sector of the economy|primary economic sector]] and about 59 businesses involved in this sector.  69 people were employed in the [[Secondary sector of the economy|secondary sector]] and there were 13 businesses in this sector.  98 people were employed in the [[Tertiary sector of the economy|tertiary sector]], with 18 businesses in this sector.<ref name=SFSO/>  There were 417 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 39.8% of the workforce.
+{{as of|2008|alt=In 2008}} there were a total of 231 [[full-time equivalent]] jobs.  The number of jobs in the primary sector was 97, of which 91 were in agriculture and 6 were in forestry or lumber production.  The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 56 of which 15 or (26.8%) were in manufacturing and 42 (75.0%) were in construction.  The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 78.  In the tertiary sector; 11 or 14.1% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 2 or 2.6% were in the movement and storage of goods, 34 or 43.6% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, 2 or 2.6% were technical professionals or scientists, 5 or 6.4% were in education and 11 or 14.1% were in health care.<ref>[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_06%20-%20Industrie%20und%20Dienstleistungen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen.asp?lang=1&prod=06&secprod=2&openChild=true Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3] {{de icon}} accessed 28 January 2011</ref>
+{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, there were 45 workers who commuted into the municipality and 158 workers who commuted away.  The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 3.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering.  A total of 259 workers (85.2% of the 304 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Lauenen.<ref name=commuter>[http://www.media-stat.admin.ch/stat/pendler/pop.php Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb] {{de icon}} accessed 24 June 2010</ref>  Of the working population, 9.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 52.8% used a private car.<ref name=SFSO/>
+In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Lauenen making 150,000 [[CHF]] was 12.9%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 18.9%.<ref> [http://www.atlas.bfs.admin.ch Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Steuerbelastung, 2011 Politische Gemeinden] {{de icon}} accessed 15 May 2013</ref>  For comparison, the average rate for the entire canton in the same year, was 14.2% and 22.0%, while the nationwide average was 12.3% and 21.1% respectively.<ref>[http://www.estv2.admin.ch/d/dokumentation/zahlen_fakten/karten/sb-2011_rangliste/index-d.htm Swiss Federal Tax Administration - Grafische Darstellung der Steuerbelastung 2011 in den Kantonen] {{de icon}} {{fr icon}} accessed 17 June 2013</ref>
+In 2009 there were a total of 301 tax payers in the municipality.  Of that total, 71 made over 75,000 CHF per year.  There were 7 people who made between 15,000 and 20,000 per year.  The greatest number of workers, 84, made between 50,000 and 75,000 CHF per year.  The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Lauenen was 120,455 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF.<ref>[http://www.estv.admin.ch/dokumentation/00075/00076/00701/01362/index.html?lang=de Federal Tax Administration Report Direkte Bundessteuer - Natürliche Personen - Gemeinden - Steuerjahr 2009] {{de icon}} {{fr icon}} accessed 15 May 2013</ref>
+In 2011 a total of 0.5% of the population received direct financial assistance from the government.<ref>[http://www.atlas.bfs.admin.ch Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Bezüger/-innen von Sozialhilfeleistungen (Sozialhilfeempfänger/-innen), 2011] accessed 18 June 2013</ref>
+==Religion==
+[[File:B-Lauenen-Ref-Kirche.jpg|thumb|Village church of Lauenen]]
+From the {{as of|2000|alt=2000 census}}, 647 or 81.5% belonged to the [[Swiss Reformed Church]], while 47 or 5.9% were [[Roman Catholic]].  Of the rest of the population, there were 49 individuals (or about 6.17% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church.  There were 19 (or about 2.39% of the population) who were [[Muslim]].  There was 1 person who was [[Buddhism|Buddhist]].  22 (or about 2.77% of the population) belonged to no church, are [[Agnosticism|agnostic]] or [[Atheism|atheist]], and 9 individuals (or about 1.13% of the population) did not answer the question.<ref name=STAT2000/>
+==Education==
+In Lauenen about 49% of the population have completed non-mandatory [[Education in Switzerland#Secondary|upper secondary education]], and 11.1% have completed additional higher education (either [[List of universities in Switzerland|university]] or a ''[[Fachhochschule]]'').<ref name=SFSO/>  Of the 51 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 54.9% were Swiss men, 15.7% were Swiss women, 15.7% were non-Swiss men and 13.7% were non-Swiss women.<ref name=STAT2000/>
+The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory [[Kindergarten]], followed by six years of Primary school.  This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude.  Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an [[apprenticeship]].<ref>{{Cite report |title=Kantonale Schulstrukturen in der Schweiz und im Fürstentum Liechtenstein / Structures Scolaires Cantonales en Suisse et Dans la Principauté du Liechtenstein |url= http://edudoc.ch/record/35128/files/Schulsystem_alle.pdf |author= EDK/CDIP/IDES |year= 2010 |accessdate= 24 June 2010 }}</ref>
-In the 2007 election the most popular party was the [[Swiss People's Party|SVP]] which received 70.8% of the vote.  The next three most popular parties were the [[Social Democratic Party of Switzerland|SPS]] (6.6%), the local small left-wing parties (6.5%) and the [[Free Democratic Party of Switzerland|FDP]] (6.1%).
+During the 2011-12 school year, there were a total of 64 students attending classes in Lauenen.  There was one kindergarten class with a total of 11 students in the municipality.  The municipality had 2 primary classes and 42 students.  Of the primary students, 4.8% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 2.4% have a different mother language than the classroom language.  During the same year, there was one lower secondary class with a total of 11 students.<ref name=School>[http://www.erz.be.ch/erz/de/index/direktion/organisation/generalsekretariat/statistik/schul-_und_gemeindetabellen.html Schuljahr 2011/12 pdf document]{{de icon}} accessed 9 May 2013</ref>
-The age distribution of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 25.9% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 56% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 18%.  The entire Swiss population is generally well educated.  In Lauenen about 60.1% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory [[Education in Switzerland#Secondary|upper secondary education]] or additional higher education (either university or a ''[[Fachhochschule]]'').
+{{as of|2000|In 2000}}, there were a total of 101 students attending any school in the municipality.  Of those, 100 both lived and attended school in the municipality, while one student came from another municipality.  During the same year, 18 residents attended schools outside the municipality.<ref name=commuter/>
-Lauenen has an unemployment rate of 0.88%.  {{as of|2005}}, there were 198 people employed in the [[Primary sector of the economy|primary economic sector]] and about 64 businesses involved in this sector.  66 people are employed in the [[Secondary sector of the economy|secondary sector]] and there are 11 businesses in this sector.  95 people are employed in the [[Tertiary sector of the economy|tertiary sector]], with 16 businesses in this sector.<ref name=SFSO>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office] accessed 13-July–2009</ref>
-The historical population is given in the following table:<ref name=HDS>{{HDS|478|Lauenen}}</ref>
-{| class="wikitable"
-|-
-! year
-! population
-|-
-| 1764
-|  570
-|-
-| 1850
-|  696
-|-
-| 1900
-|  527
-|-
-| 1950
-|  607
-|-
-| 2000
-|  794
-|-
-|}
 == Famous people ==
@@ Line 82: / Line 145: @@
 [[Category:Municipalities of the canton of Bern]]
+[[Category:Cultural property of national significance in the canton of Bern]]