Rosa Peace: Difference between revisions
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| image = PeaceRose.jpg |
| image = PeaceRose.jpg |
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| hybrid = |
| hybrid = unnamed Seedling × 'Margaret McGredy' |
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| cultivar = 'Madame A. Meilland' |
| cultivar = 'Madame A. Meilland' |
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| group = [[Hybrid Tea]] |
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| marketing_names = Gioia, Gloria Dei, ({{tdes|Peace|plain}}) |
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| origin = [[Francis Meilland]], [[France]], 1935 to 1939 |
| origin = [[Francis Meilland]], [[France]], 1935 to 1939 |
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It was developed by [[France|French]] horticulturist [[Francis Meilland]] in the years 1935 to 1939. When Meilland foresaw the German invasion of France he sent cuttings to friends in Italy, Turkey, Germany, and the United States to protect the new rose. It is said, that it was sent to the US on the last plane available before the German invasion, where it was safely propagated by the [[Conard Pyle Co.]] during the war. |
It was developed by [[France|French]] horticulturist [[Francis Meilland]] in the years 1935 to 1939. When Meilland foresaw the German invasion of France he sent cuttings to friends in Italy, Turkey, Germany, and the United States to protect the new rose. It is said, that it was sent to the US on the last plane available before the German invasion, where it was safely propagated by the [[Conard Pyle Co.]] during the war. |
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== Development == |
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The cultivar was hybridised in 1935, receiving the number 3-35-40 (the third hybridisation in 1935, and the 40th cultivar selected for test proliferation. As those first tests produced beautiful flowers in autumn 1936, the first no. 3-35-40 were grown in Meillands rose field in June 1939. That summer, cuttings were sent to partners in other countries. According to Meilland's records, 'Madame A. Meilland' is the product of 'Margaret McGredy' and an unnamed seedling.<ref name=blv>{{cite book |title=Die BLV Rosen Enzyklopädie |publisher= BLV |author= Robert Markley |page=27 |ISBN= 978-3-8354-0272-0 |language= German |trans_title= The BLV Encyclopedia of Roses|date=2007}}</ref> |
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|1 = '''''Rosa'' 'Madame A. Meilland'''' |
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|2 = Seedling |
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|3 = 'Margaret McGredy'<br /> [[Sam McGredy#Samuel McGredy III|Samuel McGredy III]] 1927 |
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|4 = Seedling |
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|5 = Seedling |
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|6 = |
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|7 = |
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|8 = 'George Dickson'<br />[[Dickson Roses|Alexander Dickson II]] 1912 |
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|9 = 'Souvenir de Claudius Pernet'<br />[[Joseph Pernet-Ducher|J. Pernet-Ducher]] 1920 |
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|10= 'Joanna Hill'<br />Joseph H. Hill 1928 |
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|11= 'Charles P. Kilham'<br />[[Sam McGredy#Samuel McGredy III|Samuel McGredy III]] 1926 |
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}} |
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== Naming == |
== Naming == |
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As Meilland sent his cuttings just before the war, communication between the cultivators was not possible, which is why the rose received different names. In France |
As Meilland sent his cuttings just before the war, communication between the cultivators was not possible, which is why the rose received different names. In France, Francis and Alain Meilland decided to call the cultivar 'Madame A. Meilland', in honour of the breeder's deceased mother.<ref name=blv /> This is the formal [[cultivar]] name; all other names are [[International_Code_of_Nomenclature_for_Cultivated_Plants#Trade_designations|selling name]]s. In Italy it was called {{tdes|Gioia|plain}} (It. for ''joy''), in Germany {{tdes|Gloria Dei|plain}} (lat. for ''glory of God'') and in the USA, {{tdes|Peace|plain}}. |
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The rose became known as {{tdes|Peace|plain}} in the following way. In early 1945 Meilland wrote to Field Marshal Alan Brooke (later Viscount [[Alanbrooke]]), the principal author of the master strategy that won the [[Second World War]], to thank him for his key part in the liberation of France and to ask if Brooke would give his name to the rose. Brooke declined saying that, though he was honored to be asked, his name would soon be forgotten and a much better and more enduring name would be "Peace". |
The rose became known as {{tdes|Peace|plain}} in the following way. In early 1945 Meilland wrote to Field Marshal Alan Brooke (later Viscount [[Alanbrooke]]), the principal author of the master strategy that won the [[Second World War]], to thank him for his key part in the liberation of France and to ask if Brooke would give his name to the rose. Brooke declined saying that, though he was honored to be asked, his name would soon be forgotten and a much better and more enduring name would be "Peace". |
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Revision as of 08:43, 3 September 2014
 | This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (August 2011) |
| Rosa 'Madame A. Meilland' (Peace) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Hybrid parentage | unnamed Seedling × 'Margaret McGredy' |
| Cultivar group | Hybrid Tea |
| Cultivar | 'Madame A. Meilland' |
| Marketing names | Gioia, Gloria Dei, (Peace) |
| Origin | Francis Meilland, France, 1935 to 1939 |
The Peace rose, correctly Rosa 'Madame A. Meilland', is a well-known and successful garden rose. Over one hundred million plants had been sold by 1992. It is a Hybrid Tea rose with large flowers of a light yellow to cream color, slightly flushed at the petal edges with crimson-pink. It is hardy and vigorous and relatively resistant to disease, making it popular in gardens as well as in the floral trade.
It was developed by French horticulturist Francis Meilland in the years 1935 to 1939. When Meilland foresaw the German invasion of France he sent cuttings to friends in Italy, Turkey, Germany, and the United States to protect the new rose. It is said, that it was sent to the US on the last plane available before the German invasion, where it was safely propagated by the Conard Pyle Co. during the war.
Development
The cultivar was hybridised in 1935, receiving the number 3-35-40 (the third hybridisation in 1935, and the 40th cultivar selected for test proliferation. As those first tests produced beautiful flowers in autumn 1936, the first no. 3-35-40 were grown in Meillands rose field in June 1939. That summer, cuttings were sent to partners in other countries. According to Meilland's records, 'Madame A. Meilland' is the product of 'Margaret McGredy' and an unnamed seedling.[1]
| 'George Dickson' Alexander Dickson II 1912 | |||||||||||||||
| Seedling | |||||||||||||||
| 'Souvenir de Claudius Pernet' J. Pernet-Ducher 1920 | |||||||||||||||
| Seedling | |||||||||||||||
| 'Joanna Hill' Joseph H. Hill 1928 | |||||||||||||||
| Seedling | |||||||||||||||
| 'Charles P. Kilham' Samuel McGredy III 1926 | |||||||||||||||
| Rosa 'Madame A. Meilland' | |||||||||||||||
| 'Margaret McGredy' Samuel McGredy III 1927 | |||||||||||||||
Naming
As Meilland sent his cuttings just before the war, communication between the cultivators was not possible, which is why the rose received different names. In France, Francis and Alain Meilland decided to call the cultivar 'Madame A. Meilland', in honour of the breeder's deceased mother.[1] This is the formal cultivar name; all other names are selling names. In Italy it was called Gioia (It. for joy), in Germany Gloria Dei (lat. for glory of God) and in the USA, Peace.
The rose became known as Peace in the following way. In early 1945 Meilland wrote to Field Marshal Alan Brooke (later Viscount Alanbrooke), the principal author of the master strategy that won the Second World War, to thank him for his key part in the liberation of France and to ask if Brooke would give his name to the rose. Brooke declined saying that, though he was honored to be asked, his name would soon be forgotten and a much better and more enduring name would be "Peace".
The adoption of the trade name "Peace" was publicly announced in the United States on 29 April 1945 by the introducers, Messrs Conard Pyle Co.. This was the very day that Berlin fell, officially considered the end of the Second World War in Europe. Later that year Peace roses were given to each of the delegations at the inaugural meeting of the United Nations in San Francisco, each with a note which read:
- "We hope the 'Peace' rose will influence men’s thoughts for everlasting world peace".
Peter Beales, English rose grower and expert, said in his book Roses:
- "'Peace', without doubt, is the finest Hybrid Tea ever raised and it will remain a standard variety forever".
References
- Antonia, R. 1965. For Love of a Rose. Faber ISBN 0-571-10118-6
- HelpMeFind Roses: Peace
- Beales, P. 1992. Roses. Henry Holt & Co ISBN 0-8050-2053-5 ISBN 978-0805020533
