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| area = 15.1
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| elevation = 589|elevation_description=
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| population = {{Swiss populations NC|CH-BE|0956}} | populationof = {{Swiss populations YM|CH-BE}} | popofyear = {{Swiss populations Y|CH-BE}}
| population = 3087 | populationof = Dec 2012| popofyear = 2012
| website = www.ruegsau.ch
| website = www.ruegsau.ch
| mayor = |mayor_asof=|mayor_party=
| mayor = Fritz Rüfenacht |mayor_asof=|mayor_party=
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==History==
==History==
[[File:Hasle Emmenbruecke-6.jpg|thumb|left|Wooden bridge at Rüegsau]]
Rüegsau was first mentioned in 1139. The name comes from ''ruggere aue'', in modern [[German language|German]] ''ruhe Aue'', meaning ''calm [[floodplain]]''. From the late 13th century until 1528 it was the location of [[Rüegsau Priory]], a [[Rule of Saint Benedict|Benedictine]] nunnery.
Rüegsau is first mentioned in 1139 as ''Ruxow''. In 1229 it was mentioned as ''Ruchisowe''.<ref name=HDS/> The name comes from ''ruggere aue'', in modern [[German language|German]] ''ruhe Aue'', meaning ''calm [[floodplain]]''. From the late 13th century until 1528 it was the location of [[Rüegsau Priory]], a [[Rule of Saint Benedict|Benedictine]] nunnery.

The oldest trace of a settlement is a [[neolithic]] artifact discovered in Rüegsau village. The first trace of a modern settlement is in the first half of the 12th century when [[Rüegsau Abbey]] was probably founded. While very little is known about the early history of the Abbey, it was probably founded by Thüring von Lützelflüh around the same time that he founded [[Trub Abbey]].<ref name=HDS/> It is unknown whether the village grew up around the Abbey or was already here when the Abbey was founded.

The first known [[Provost (religion)|provost]] appears in the abbey in 1256-99. There was a ''Meisterin'' over the nuns in 1320 and an [[abbess]] is first mentioned in 1526-28. The Abbey ruled over a section of the lower [[Emmental]] including Rüegsau and [[Affoltern im Emmental]]. In 1454 it had its own [[Seal (emblem)|seal]]. In 1528 the city of [[Bern]] adopted the new faith of the [[Protestant Reformation]] and in the same year secularized all monasteries including Rüegsau Abbey. Its goods were used to provide income for the priests of Rüegsau and [[Lützelflüh]], and part of the buildings was used to provide a priest's house. The remaining buildings were gradually dismantled: the last traces of the walls were removed between 1825 and 1831.<ref name=HDS/>

The priory church became the village church. It was renovated in 1789&ndash;1790 and extended in 1874. Further renovations took place in 1947, 1990 and 1999.

In 1763 a wooden, covered bridge was built over the [[Emme (river)|Emme]] river connecting [[Hasle bei Burgdorf]] and Rüegsau. In 1881 the Burgdorf-Langnau railroad built a station in Hasle-Rüegsau. The railroad combined with the expansion of the Emmental road in 1899, brought factories to the formerly rural village. Today the services sector has surpassed industry, but agriculture and manufacturing are still an important part of the local economy.<ref name=HDS/>


==Geography==
==Geography==
Rüegsau is located in the lower [[Emmental]]. It borders the [[Emme (river)|Emme]] and then stretches north-east-ward. It contains the villages of Rüegsauschachen, Rüegsau, Rüegsbach and Rinderbach and several [[Hamlet (place)|hamlet]]s. The municipality has the approximate shape of a rectangle with a width of {{convert|2|km|mi|sp=us}} and a length of {{convert|8|km|mi|abbr=on}}.
Rüegsau is located in the lower [[Emmental]]. It borders the Emme and then stretches north-east-ward. It contains the villages of Rüegsauschachen, Rüegsau, Rüegsbach and Rinderbach and several [[Hamlet (place)|hamlet]]s. The municipality has the approximate shape of a rectangle with a width of {{convert|2|km|mi|sp=us}} and a length of {{convert|8|km|mi|abbr=on}}.


Rüegsau has an area, {{as of|2009|lc=on}}, of {{convert|15.08|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}. Of this area, {{convert|10.15|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 67.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while {{convert|3.48|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 23.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, {{convert|1.29|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 8.6% is settled (buildings or roads), {{convert|0.13|km2|acre|abbr=on}} or 0.9% is either rivers or lakes.<ref name=BFS_land>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/02/03/blank/data/gemeindedaten.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics] 2009 data {{de icon}} accessed 25 March 2010</ref>
Rüegsau has an area of {{Swiss area|0956|mi=on}}.{{Swiss area data|0956|QUELLE}}<!--15.08 - 15.05 km2--> As of the 2005/06 survey, a total of {{convert|10.15|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 67.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while {{convert|3.48|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 23.1% is forested. Of rest of the municipality {{convert|1.29|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 8.6% is settled (buildings or roads), {{convert|0.13|km2|acre|abbr=on}} or 0.9% is either rivers or lakes.<ref name=BFS_land>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/02/03/blank/data/gemeindedaten.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics] 2009 data {{de icon}} accessed 27 August 2014</ref>


Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 5.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.3%. 20.6% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.5% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 19.9% is used for growing crops and 45.6% is pastures, while 1.8% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is in rivers and streams.<ref name=BFS_land/>
From the same survey, housing and buildings made up 5.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.3%. A total of 20.6% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.5% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 19.9% is used for growing crops and 45.6% is pasturage, while 1.8% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.<ref name=BFS_land/>

On 31 December 2009 Amtsbezirk Trachselwald, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Verwaltungskreis Emmental.<ref name=Mutation>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/infothek/nomenklaturen/blank/blank/gem_liste/02.html Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz] {{de icon}} accessed 4 April 2011</ref>

==Coat of arms==
The [[blazon]] of the municipal [[coat of arms]] is ''Per pale Gules a Latin Cross pattee couped Argent and of the last a Bend wavy Azure.''<ref>[http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/ch-be370.html Flags of the World.com] accessed 8 December 2014</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
Rüegsau has a population (as of {{Swiss populations date|CH-BE}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-BE|0956}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-BE}} {{as of|2007}}, 3.9% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 2.5%. Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks German (97.5%), with French being second most common ( 0.4%) and Italian being third ( 0.4%).
Rüegsau has a population ({{as of|{{Swiss populations YM|CH-BE}}|lc=on}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-BE|0956}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-BE}} {{as of|2012}}, 3.9% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Between the last 2 years (2010-2012) the population changed at a rate of 1.3%. Migration accounted for 2.5%, while births and deaths accounted for 0.0%.<ref name=SFSO>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office] accessed 8 December 2014</ref>


Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks [[German language|German]] (2,861 or 97.5%) as their first language, [[Italian language|Italian]] is the second most common (13 or 0.4%) and [[French language|French]] is the third (12 or 0.4%).<ref name=STAT2000/>
In the 2007 election the most popular party was the [[Swiss People's Party|SVP]] which received 43.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the [[Social Democratic Party of Switzerland|SPS]] (14.9%), the local small left-wing parties (12.2%) and the [[Free Democratic Party of Switzerland|FDP]] (10.8%).


{{as of|2013}}, the population was 49.3% male and 50.7% female. The population was made up of 1,480 Swiss men (47.3% of the population) and 62 (2.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 1,523 Swiss women (48.7%) and 61 (2.0%) non-Swiss women.<ref>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/02/blank/key/bevoelkerungsstand/02.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Ständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeit, Geschlecht und Gemeinde] accessed 7 October 2014</ref> Of the population in the municipality, 1,096 or about 37.3% were born in Rüegsau and lived there in 2000. There were 1,277 or 43.5% who were born in the same canton, while 290 or 9.9% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 158 or 5.4% were born outside of Switzerland.<ref name=STAT2000/>
The age distribution of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 24.4% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 57.8% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 17.9%. In Rüegsau about 74.9% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory [[Education in Switzerland#Secondary|upper secondary education]] or additional higher education (either university or a ''[[Fachhochschule]]'').<ref name=SFSO/>

{{as of|2012}}, children and teenagers (0-19 years old) make up 20.7% of the population, while adults (20-64 years old) make up 59.8% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 19.6%.<ref name=SFSO/>

{{as of|2000}}, there were 1,225 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 1,393 married individuals, 217 widows or widowers and 100 individuals who are divorced.<ref name=STAT2000>[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.3%20-%202000/40.3%20-%202000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=3&openChild=true STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000] {{de icon}} accessed 2 February 2011 </ref>

{{as of|2010}}, there were 380 households that consist of only one person and 98 households with five or more people.<ref>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/04/blank/key/haushaltsgroesse.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Haushaltsgrösse] {{de icon}} accessed 8 May 2013</ref> {{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, a total of 1,139 apartments (90.7% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 83 apartments (6.6%) were seasonally occupied and 34 apartments (2.7%) were empty.<ref name=Housing>[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_09%20-%20Bau-%20und%20Wohnungswesen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen.asp?lang=1&prod=09&secprod=2&openChild=true Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen] {{de icon}} accessed 28 January 2011</ref> {{as of|2012}}, the construction rate of new housing units was 4.5 new units per 1000 residents.<ref name=SFSO/> The vacancy rate for the municipality, {{as of|2013|alt=in 2013}}, was 0.3%. In 2012, single family homes made up 41.2% of the total housing in the municipality.<ref>[http://www.atlas.bfs.admin.ch Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Anteil Einfamilienhäuser am gesamten Gebäudebestand, 2012] accessed 5 August 2014</ref>

The historical population is given in the following chart:<ref name=HDS>{{HDS|552|Rüegsau}}</ref><ref>[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.4%20-%201850-2000/40.4%20-%201850-2000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=4&openChild=true Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000] {{de icon}} accessed 29 January 2011</ref><ref>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/news/04/01.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Ständige Wohnbevölkerung in Privathaushalten nach Gemeinde und Haushaltsgrösse] {{de icon}} accessed 12 August 2013</ref>
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bar:1870 from:start till:2361 text:"2,361"
bar:1880 from:start till:2511 text:"2,511"
bar:1888 from:start till:2440 text:"2,440"
bar:1900 from:start till:2567 text:"2,567"
bar:1910 from:start till:2582 text:"2,582"
bar:1920 from:start till:2639 text:"2,639"
bar:1930 from:start till:2679 text:"2,679"
bar:1941 from:start till:2820 text:"2,820"
bar:1950 from:start till:2902 text:"2,902"
bar:1960 from:start till:2816 text:"2,816"
bar:1970 from:start till:2627 text:"2,627"
bar:1980 from:start till:2611 text:"2,611"
bar:1990 from:start till:2746 text:"2,746"
bar:2000 from:start till:2935 text:"2,935"
bar:2010 from:start till:2998 text:"2,998"
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==Economy==
==Economy==
The headquarters of the company [[Blaser Swisslube AG]], one of the leading manufacturers [[cooling agent]]s and [[lubricant]]s for industrial purposes, are located in the municipality of Rüegsau.
The headquarters of the company [[Blaser Swisslube AG]], one of the leading manufacturers [[cooling agent]]s and [[lubricant]]s for industrial purposes, are located in the municipality of Rüegsau.


Rüegsau has an unemployment rate of 0.82%. {{as of|2005}}, there were 244 people employed in the [[Primary sector of the economy|primary economic sector]] and about 80 businesses involved in this sector. 393 people are employed in the [[Secondary sector of the economy|secondary sector]] and there are 30 businesses in this sector. 578 people are employed in the [[Tertiary sector of the economy|tertiary sector]], with 84 businesses in this sector.<ref name=SFSO>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office] accessed 17-Jul-2009</ref>
{{as of|2011|In 2011}}, Rüegsau had an unemployment rate of 1.28%. {{as of|2011}}, there were a total of 1,231 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 215 people employed in the [[Primary sector of the economy|primary economic sector]] and about 69 businesses involved in this sector. The [[Secondary sector of the economy|secondary sector]] employs 408 people and there were 37 businesses in this sector. The [[Tertiary sector of the economy|tertiary sector]] employs 608 people, with 123 businesses in this sector.<ref name=SFSO/> There were 1,532 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 42.2% of the workforce.

{{as of|2008|alt=In 2008}} there were a total of 962 [[full-time equivalent]] jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 153, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 355 of which 321 or (90.4%) were in manufacturing and 31 (8.7%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 454. In the tertiary sector; 229 or 50.4% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 22 or 4.8% were in the movement and storage of goods, 33 or 7.3% were in a hotel or restaurant, 10 or 2.2% were the insurance or financial industry, 22 or 4.8% were technical professionals or scientists, 39 or 8.6% were in education and 68 or 15.0% were in health care.<ref>[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_06%20-%20Industrie%20und%20Dienstleistungen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen.asp?lang=1&prod=06&secprod=2&openChild=true Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3] {{de icon}} accessed 28 January 2011</ref>

{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, there were 460 workers who commuted into the municipality and 961 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 2.1 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 571 workers (55.4% of the 1,031 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Rüegsau.<ref name=commuter>[http://www.media-stat.admin.ch/stat/pendler/pop.php Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb] {{de icon}} accessed 24 June 2010</ref> Of the working population, 13.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 48.2% used a private car.<ref name=SFSO/>

In 2013 the average church, local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Rüegsau making 150,000 [[CHF]] was 11.4%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 17.5%. For comparison, the median rate for all municipalities in the entire canton was 11.7% and 18.1%, while the nationwide median was 10.6% and 17.4% respectively.<ref>[http://www.estv.admin.ch/dokumentation/00075/00076/00720/index.html?lang=de Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) - Steuerbelastung in den Gemeinden 2013] {{de icon}} accessed 4 November 2014. Does not include Federal Taxes.</ref>

In 2011 there were a total of 1,235 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 358 made over 75,000 CHF per year. There were 5 people who made between 15,000 and 20,000 per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Rüegsau was 113,315 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 136,785 CHF.<ref>[http://www.estv.admin.ch/dokumentation/00075/00076/00701/01362/index.html?lang=de Federal Tax Administration Report Direkte Bundessteuer - Natürliche Personen - Gemeinden - Steuerjahr 2011] {{de icon}} {{fr icon}} accessed 4 November 2014</ref>

In 2011 a total of 4.2% of the population received direct financial assistance from the government.<ref>[http://www.atlas.bfs.admin.ch Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Bezüger/-innen von Sozialhilfeleistungen (Sozialhilfeempfänger/-innen), 2011] accessed 18 June 2013</ref>

==Heritage sites of national significance==
[[File:Hasle Emmenbruecke-4.jpg|thumb|The wooden bridge between Hasle bei Burgdorf and Rüegsau]]
The Holzbrücke (wooden bridge) is listed as a Swiss [[Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance|heritage site of national significance]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar/a-objekte.html|title=Kantonsliste A-Objekte|year=2009|work=[http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar.html KGS Inventar]|publisher=Federal Office of Civil Protection|language=German|accessdate=25 April 2011}}</ref>


===Tourism===
===Tourism===
[[Tourism]] plays a small, but not insignificant role for this municipality. Several [[inn]]s, which are typical for the Emmental, provide accommodation; further, holidays on the farms are possible. A small [[museum]] of [[history]] lies right on the Emme.
[[Tourism]] plays a small, but not insignificant role for this municipality. Several [[inn]]s, which are typical for the Emmental, provide accommodation; further, holidays on the farms are possible. A small [[museum]] of [[history]] lies right on the Emme.


The main attraction is the timber bridge over the Emme between the municipalities of [[Hasle bei Burgdorf]] and Rüegsau. With {{convert|58.5|m|ft|sp=us}} length, it is probably the largest wooden [[arch bridge]] in [[Europe]].
The main attraction is the wooden bridge over the Emme between the municipalities of [[Hasle bei Burgdorf]] and Rüegsau. With {{convert|58.5|m|ft|sp=us}} length, it is probably the largest wooden [[arch bridge]] in [[Europe]].


===Transportation===
==Transportation==
Rüegsau shares a [[train station]] with its Hasle bei Burgdorf called [[Hasle-Rüegsau]].
Rüegsau shares a [[train station]] with its Hasle bei Burgdorf called [[Hasle-Rüegsau]].

==Politics==
In the 2011 [[Swiss federal election, 2011|federal election]] the most popular party was the [[Swiss People's Party|Swiss People's Party (SVP)]] which received 34.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the [[Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland|Conservative Democratic Party (BDP)]] (22.1%), the [[Social Democratic Party of Switzerland|Social Democratic Party (SP)]] (11.1%) and the [[Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland|Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland (EDU)]] (8.4%). In the federal election, a total of 1,266 votes were cast, and the [[voter turnout]] was 51.5%.<ref name=election_2011>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/02/blank/data/05/03.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office 2011 Election] {{de icon}} accessed 8 May 2012</ref>

==Religion==
[[File:Kirchlein Rüegsbach.JPG|thumb|Rüegsau village church]]
From the {{as of|2000|alt=2000 census}}, 2,397 or 81.7% belonged to the [[Swiss Reformed Church]], while 152 or 5.2% were [[Roman Catholic]]. Of the rest of the population, there were 21 [[Orthodox Christianity|members of an Orthodox church]] (or about 0.72% of the population), there were 2 individuals (or about 0.07% of the population) who belonged to the [[Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland|Christian Catholic Church]], and there were 130 individuals (or about 4.43% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 18 (or about 0.61% of the population) who were [[Muslim]]. There were 2 individuals who were [[Buddhism|Buddhist]], 12 individuals who were [[Hinduism|Hindu]] and 3 individuals who belonged to another church. 86 (or about 2.93% of the population) belonged to no church, are [[Agnosticism|agnostic]] or [[Atheism|atheist]], and 112 individuals (or about 3.82% of the population) did not answer the question.<ref name=STAT2000/>

==Education==
In Rüegsau about 60.5% of the population have completed non-mandatory [[Education in Switzerland#Secondary|upper secondary education]], and 14.4% have completed additional higher education (either [[List of universities in Switzerland|university]] or a ''[[Fachhochschule]]'').<ref name=SFSO/> Of the 258 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 76.0% were Swiss men, 20.2% were Swiss women and 2.3% were non-Swiss women.<ref name=STAT2000/>

The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory [[Kindergarten]], followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an [[apprenticeship]].<ref>{{Cite report |title=Kantonale Schulstrukturen in der Schweiz und im Fürstentum Liechtenstein / Structures Scolaires Cantonales en Suisse et Dans la Principauté du Liechtenstein |url= http://edudoc.ch/record/35128/files/Schulsystem_alle.pdf |author= EDK/CDIP/IDES |year= 2010 |accessdate= 24 June 2010 }}</ref>

During the 2012-13 school year, there were a total of 459 students attending classes in Rüegsau. There were a total of 54 students in the German language kindergarten classes in the municipality. Of the kindergarten students, 3.7% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 5.6% have a different mother language than the classroom language. The municipality's primary school had 211 students in German language classes. Of the primary students, 3.8% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 8.5% have a different mother language than the classroom language. During the same year, the lower secondary school had a total of 194 students. There were 4.1% who were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 4.6% have a different mother language than the classroom language.<ref name=School>[http://www.erz.be.ch/erz/de/index/direktion/organisation/generalsekretariat/statistik/schul-_und_gemeindetabellen.html Datei der Gemeinde- und Schultabellen]{{de icon}} accessed 23 July 2014</ref>

{{as of|2000|In 2000}}, there were a total of 362 students attending any school in the municipality. Of those, 271 both lived and attended school in the municipality, while 91 students came from another municipality. During the same year, 149 residents attended schools outside the municipality.<ref name=commuter/>


==References==
==References==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ruegsau}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ruegsau}}
[[Category:Municipalities of the canton of Bern]]
[[Category:Municipalities of the canton of Bern]]
[[Category:Cultural property of national significance in the canton of Bern]]

Revision as of 13:02, 8 December 2014

Rüegsau
Municipality
Covered wood bridge of Hasle-Rüegsau.
Covered wood bridge of Hasle-Rüegsau.
Coat of arms of Rüegsau
Coat of arms
Location of Rüegsau
Map
CountrySwitzerland
CantonBern
DistrictEmmental
Government
 • MayorFritz Rüfenacht
Area
[1]
 • Total15.1 km2 (5.8 sq mi)
Elevation
589 m (1,932 ft)
Population
 (31 December 2018)[2]
 • Total3,258
 • Density220/km2 (560/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (Central European Time)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (Central European Summer Time)
Postal code(s)
3417
SFOS number0956
ISO 3166 codeCH-BE
Surrounded byAffoltern im Emmental, Hasle bei Burgdorf, Heimiswil, Lützelflüh, Sumiswald
Websitewww.ruegsau.ch
SFSO statistics

Rüegsau is a municipality in the administrative district of Emmental in the Swiss canton of Bern.

History

Wooden bridge at Rüegsau

Rüegsau is first mentioned in 1139 as Ruxow. In 1229 it was mentioned as Ruchisowe.[3] The name comes from ruggere aue, in modern German ruhe Aue, meaning calm floodplain. From the late 13th century until 1528 it was the location of Rüegsau Priory, a Benedictine nunnery.

The oldest trace of a settlement is a neolithic artifact discovered in Rüegsau village. The first trace of a modern settlement is in the first half of the 12th century when Rüegsau Abbey was probably founded. While very little is known about the early history of the Abbey, it was probably founded by Thüring von Lützelflüh around the same time that he founded Trub Abbey.[3] It is unknown whether the village grew up around the Abbey or was already here when the Abbey was founded.

The first known provost appears in the abbey in 1256-99. There was a Meisterin over the nuns in 1320 and an abbess is first mentioned in 1526-28. The Abbey ruled over a section of the lower Emmental including Rüegsau and Affoltern im Emmental. In 1454 it had its own seal. In 1528 the city of Bern adopted the new faith of the Protestant Reformation and in the same year secularized all monasteries including Rüegsau Abbey. Its goods were used to provide income for the priests of Rüegsau and Lützelflüh, and part of the buildings was used to provide a priest's house. The remaining buildings were gradually dismantled: the last traces of the walls were removed between 1825 and 1831.[3]

The priory church became the village church. It was renovated in 1789–1790 and extended in 1874. Further renovations took place in 1947, 1990 and 1999.

In 1763 a wooden, covered bridge was built over the Emme river connecting Hasle bei Burgdorf and Rüegsau. In 1881 the Burgdorf-Langnau railroad built a station in Hasle-Rüegsau. The railroad combined with the expansion of the Emmental road in 1899, brought factories to the formerly rural village. Today the services sector has surpassed industry, but agriculture and manufacturing are still an important part of the local economy.[3]

Geography

Rüegsau is located in the lower Emmental. It borders the Emme and then stretches north-east-ward. It contains the villages of Rüegsauschachen, Rüegsau, Rüegsbach and Rinderbach and several hamlets. The municipality has the approximate shape of a rectangle with a width of 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) and a length of 8 km (5.0 mi).

Rüegsau has an area of 15.06 km2 (5.81 sq mi).[4] As of the 2005/06 survey, a total of 10.15 km2 (3.92 sq mi) or 67.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 3.48 km2 (1.34 sq mi) or 23.1% is forested. Of rest of the municipality 1.29 km2 (0.50 sq mi) or 8.6% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.13 km2 (32 acres) or 0.9% is either rivers or lakes.[5]

From the same survey, housing and buildings made up 5.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.3%. A total of 20.6% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.5% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 19.9% is used for growing crops and 45.6% is pasturage, while 1.8% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.[5]

On 31 December 2009 Amtsbezirk Trachselwald, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Verwaltungskreis Emmental.[6]

Coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Per pale Gules a Latin Cross pattee couped Argent and of the last a Bend wavy Azure.[7]

Demographics

Rüegsau has a population (as of December 2020) of 3,265.[8] As of 2012, 3.9% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Between the last 2 years (2010-2012) the population changed at a rate of 1.3%. Migration accounted for 2.5%, while births and deaths accounted for 0.0%.[9]

Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (2,861 or 97.5%) as their first language, Italian is the second most common (13 or 0.4%) and French is the third (12 or 0.4%).[10]

As of 2013, the population was 49.3% male and 50.7% female. The population was made up of 1,480 Swiss men (47.3% of the population) and 62 (2.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 1,523 Swiss women (48.7%) and 61 (2.0%) non-Swiss women.[11] Of the population in the municipality, 1,096 or about 37.3% were born in Rüegsau and lived there in 2000. There were 1,277 or 43.5% who were born in the same canton, while 290 or 9.9% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 158 or 5.4% were born outside of Switzerland.[10]

As of 2012, children and teenagers (0-19 years old) make up 20.7% of the population, while adults (20-64 years old) make up 59.8% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 19.6%.[9]

As of 2000, there were 1,225 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 1,393 married individuals, 217 widows or widowers and 100 individuals who are divorced.[10]

As of 2010, there were 380 households that consist of only one person and 98 households with five or more people.[12] In 2000, a total of 1,139 apartments (90.7% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 83 apartments (6.6%) were seasonally occupied and 34 apartments (2.7%) were empty.[13] As of 2012, the construction rate of new housing units was 4.5 new units per 1000 residents.[9] The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2013, was 0.3%. In 2012, single family homes made up 41.2% of the total housing in the municipality.[14]

The historical population is given in the following chart:[3][15][16]

Economy

The headquarters of the company Blaser Swisslube AG, one of the leading manufacturers cooling agents and lubricants for industrial purposes, are located in the municipality of Rüegsau.

As of  2011, Rüegsau had an unemployment rate of 1.28%. As of 2011, there were a total of 1,231 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 215 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 69 businesses involved in this sector. The secondary sector employs 408 people and there were 37 businesses in this sector. The tertiary sector employs 608 people, with 123 businesses in this sector.[9] There were 1,532 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 42.2% of the workforce.

In 2008 there were a total of 962 full-time equivalent jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 153, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 355 of which 321 or (90.4%) were in manufacturing and 31 (8.7%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 454. In the tertiary sector; 229 or 50.4% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 22 or 4.8% were in the movement and storage of goods, 33 or 7.3% were in a hotel or restaurant, 10 or 2.2% were the insurance or financial industry, 22 or 4.8% were technical professionals or scientists, 39 or 8.6% were in education and 68 or 15.0% were in health care.[17]

In 2000, there were 460 workers who commuted into the municipality and 961 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 2.1 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 571 workers (55.4% of the 1,031 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Rüegsau.[18] Of the working population, 13.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 48.2% used a private car.[9]

In 2013 the average church, local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Rüegsau making 150,000 CHF was 11.4%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 17.5%. For comparison, the median rate for all municipalities in the entire canton was 11.7% and 18.1%, while the nationwide median was 10.6% and 17.4% respectively.[19]

In 2011 there were a total of 1,235 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 358 made over 75,000 CHF per year. There were 5 people who made between 15,000 and 20,000 per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Rüegsau was 113,315 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 136,785 CHF.[20]

In 2011 a total of 4.2% of the population received direct financial assistance from the government.[21]

Heritage sites of national significance

The wooden bridge between Hasle bei Burgdorf and Rüegsau

The Holzbrücke (wooden bridge) is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance.[22]

Tourism

Tourism plays a small, but not insignificant role for this municipality. Several inns, which are typical for the Emmental, provide accommodation; further, holidays on the farms are possible. A small museum of history lies right on the Emme.

The main attraction is the wooden bridge over the Emme between the municipalities of Hasle bei Burgdorf and Rüegsau. With 58.5 meters (192 ft) length, it is probably the largest wooden arch bridge in Europe.

Transportation

Rüegsau shares a train station with its Hasle bei Burgdorf called Hasle-Rüegsau.

Politics

In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party (SVP) which received 34.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Conservative Democratic Party (BDP) (22.1%), the Social Democratic Party (SP) (11.1%) and the Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland (EDU) (8.4%). In the federal election, a total of 1,266 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 51.5%.[23]

Religion

Rüegsau village church

From the 2000 census, 2,397 or 81.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church, while 152 or 5.2% were Roman Catholic. Of the rest of the population, there were 21 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.72% of the population), there were 2 individuals (or about 0.07% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 130 individuals (or about 4.43% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 18 (or about 0.61% of the population) who were Muslim. There were 2 individuals who were Buddhist, 12 individuals who were Hindu and 3 individuals who belonged to another church. 86 (or about 2.93% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 112 individuals (or about 3.82% of the population) did not answer the question.[10]

Education

In Rüegsau about 60.5% of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 14.4% have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[9] Of the 258 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 76.0% were Swiss men, 20.2% were Swiss women and 2.3% were non-Swiss women.[10]

The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.[24]

During the 2012-13 school year, there were a total of 459 students attending classes in Rüegsau. There were a total of 54 students in the German language kindergarten classes in the municipality. Of the kindergarten students, 3.7% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 5.6% have a different mother language than the classroom language. The municipality's primary school had 211 students in German language classes. Of the primary students, 3.8% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 8.5% have a different mother language than the classroom language. During the same year, the lower secondary school had a total of 194 students. There were 4.1% who were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 4.6% have a different mother language than the classroom language.[25]

As of  2000, there were a total of 362 students attending any school in the municipality. Of those, 271 both lived and attended school in the municipality, while 91 students came from another municipality. During the same year, 149 residents attended schools outside the municipality.[18]

References

  1. ^ a b "Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeinden nach 4 Hauptbereichen". Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
  2. ^ "Ständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeitskategorie Geschlecht und Gemeinde; Provisorische Jahresergebnisse; 2018". Federal Statistical Office. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  3. ^ a b c d e Rüegsau in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  4. ^ Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeindedaten nach 4 Hauptbereichen
  5. ^ a b Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics 2009 data Template:De icon accessed 27 August 2014
  6. ^ Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz Template:De icon accessed 4 April 2011
  7. ^ Flags of the World.com accessed 8 December 2014
  8. ^ "Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehörigkeit". bfs.admin.ch (in German). Swiss Federal Statistical Office - STAT-TAB. 31 December 2020. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 8 December 2014
  10. ^ a b c d e STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000 Template:De icon accessed 2 February 2011
  11. ^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Ständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeit, Geschlecht und Gemeinde accessed 7 October 2014
  12. ^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Haushaltsgrösse Template:De icon accessed 8 May 2013
  13. ^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen Template:De icon accessed 28 January 2011
  14. ^ Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Anteil Einfamilienhäuser am gesamten Gebäudebestand, 2012 accessed 5 August 2014
  15. ^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 Template:De icon accessed 29 January 2011
  16. ^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Ständige Wohnbevölkerung in Privathaushalten nach Gemeinde und Haushaltsgrösse Template:De icon accessed 12 August 2013
  17. ^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 Template:De icon accessed 28 January 2011
  18. ^ a b Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb Template:De icon accessed 24 June 2010
  19. ^ Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) - Steuerbelastung in den Gemeinden 2013 Template:De icon accessed 4 November 2014. Does not include Federal Taxes.
  20. ^ Federal Tax Administration Report Direkte Bundessteuer - Natürliche Personen - Gemeinden - Steuerjahr 2011 Template:De icon Template:Fr icon accessed 4 November 2014
  21. ^ Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Bezüger/-innen von Sozialhilfeleistungen (Sozialhilfeempfänger/-innen), 2011 accessed 18 June 2013
  22. ^ "Kantonsliste A-Objekte". KGS Inventar (in German). Federal Office of Civil Protection. 2009. Retrieved 25 April 2011. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help)
  23. ^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office 2011 Election Template:De icon accessed 8 May 2012
  24. ^ EDK/CDIP/IDES (2010). Kantonale Schulstrukturen in der Schweiz und im Fürstentum Liechtenstein / Structures Scolaires Cantonales en Suisse et Dans la Principauté du Liechtenstein (PDF) (Report). Retrieved 24 June 2010.
  25. ^ Datei der Gemeinde- und SchultabellenTemplate:De icon accessed 23 July 2014
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