Pyroligneous acid: Difference between revisions
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|access-date=16 November 2015}}</ref> or '''wood acid''',<ref>Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)</ref> and sometimes '''pyroligneous water'''<ref>{{cite web |url= https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/documents/1107017.pdf|title= Methods for Producing Biochar and Advanced Biofuels in Washington State - Part 1: Literature Review of Pyrolysis Reactors|last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |website= Access Washington|publisher= [[ |
|access-date=16 November 2015}}</ref> or '''wood acid''',<ref>Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)</ref> and sometimes '''pyroligneous water'''<ref>{{cite web |url= https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/documents/1107017.pdf|title= Methods for Producing Biochar and Advanced Biofuels in Washington State - Part 1: Literature Review of Pyrolysis Reactors|last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=2011 |month=April |website= Access Washington|publisher= [[Government of Washington]]|access-date= |quote=}}</ref>, is a dark liquid produced through the natural act of [[carbonization]], which occurs when [[wood]] is heated in an airless container during [[charcoal]] production, such as [[pyrolysis]]. |
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==Chemical components== |
==Chemical components== |
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Revision as of 08:50, 23 May 2016
 | It has been suggested that this article be merged with Liquid smoke. (Discuss) Proposed since October 2015. |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names
wood vinegar
| |
| Identifiers | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.495 |
| EC Number |
|
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
|
|
| Properties | |
| Appearance | Yellow to red liquid |
| Odor | acrid smoky |
| Density | 1.08 g/mL |
| Boiling point | 99 °C (210 °F; 372 K) |
Refractive index (nD)
|
1.371-1.378 |
| Hazards | |
| Flash point | 44 °C (111 °F; 317 K) |
| Related compounds | |
Related compounds
|
Liquid smoke |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |
Pyroligneous acid, also called wood vinegar[3][4] or wood acid,[5] and sometimes pyroligneous water[6], is a dark liquid produced through the natural act of carbonization, which occurs when wood is heated in an airless container during charcoal production, such as pyrolysis.
Chemical components
The principal components of pyroligneous acid are acetic acid, acetone and methanol. It was once used as a commercial source for acetic acid. In addition, the vinegar often contains 80-90% water along with some 200 organic compounds.
Food Preservation
During the United States Civil War it became increasingly difficult for the Confederate States of America to obtain much needed salt. Curing meat and fish with pyroligneous acid was attempted by cooks to compensate for this deficiency. Unfortunately for the Confederate States Army it was not a comparable method of food preservation. [7]
References
- ^ Pyroligneous acid from Sigma-Aldrich
- ^ George A. Burdock (2010), "PYROLIGNEOUS ACID", Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients (6th ed.), Taylor & Francis, pp. 1774–1775, ISBN 978-1-4200-9077-2
- ^ Looa, A.Y.; Jaina, K.; Darahb, I. (2007). "Antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of the pyroligneous acid from a mangrove plant, Rhizophora apiculata". Food Chemistry. 104 (1): 300–307. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.11.048. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
- ^ Jung, Kyung-Hwan (2007). "Growth inhibition effect of pyroligneous acid on pathogenic fungus,Alternaria mali, the agent of Alternaria blotch of apple". Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering. 12 (3): 318–322. doi:10.1007/BF02931111. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
- ^ Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)
- ^ "Methods for Producing Biochar and Advanced Biofuels in Washington State - Part 1: Literature Review of Pyrolysis Reactors" (PDF). Access Washington. Government of Washington. 2011.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ Kurlansky, Mark (2002). Salt: A World History. Penguin Books. pp. 267–68. ISBN 0-14-200161-9.