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The '''Lavant drum''' is small cylindrical [[Neolithic]] chalk object excavated in 1993. It is the only known analogue to the [[Folkton Drums|Folkton drums]], discovered over a century earlier.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thenovium.org/article/31054/Lavant-Drum---Measuring-Device-from-the-Time-of-Stonehenge|title=The Novium - Lavant Drum - Measuring Device from the Time of Stonehenge|website=www.thenovium.org|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-12-09}}</ref> Unlike the Folkton drums, the Lavant drum is undecorated; however, it may be that earlier markings have been worn away.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Kenny|first=James|last2=Teather|first2=Anne M.|date=2016|title=New insights into the Neolithic chalk drums from Folkton (North Yorkshire) and Lavant (West Sussex)|url=https://www.academia.edu/29585550|journal=PAST: The Newsletter of the Prehistoric Society|language=en|volume=83|pages=5–6}}</ref> The drum was associated with a [[Glossary of archaeology|sherd]] of [[Mortlake ware]], which implies a Middle Neolithic date.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Jones|first=Andrew Meirion|last2=Cochrane|first2=Andrew|last3=Carter|first3=Chris|last4=Dawson|first4=Ian|last5=Díaz-Guardamino|first5=Marta|last6=Kotoula|first6=Eleni|last7=Minkin|first7=Louisa|date=2015|title=Digital imaging and prehistoric imagery: a new analysis of the Folkton Drums|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281147612|journal=Antiquity|language=en|volume=89|issue=347|pages=1085|doi=10.15184/aqy.2015.127|issn=0003-598X}}</ref> It is currently held at [[Chichester]] Museum.<ref name=":1" />
The '''Lavant drum''' is small cylindrical [[Neolithic]] chalk object excavated in 1993. It is similar to the [[Folkton Drums|Folkton drums]], discovered over a century earlier and the Burton Agnes drum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thenovium.org/article/31054/Lavant-Drum---Measuring-Device-from-the-Time-of-Stonehenge|title=The Novium - Lavant Drum - Measuring Device from the Time of Stonehenge|website=www.thenovium.org|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-12-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Thomas|first=Tobi|date=10 February 2022|title=Ancient sculpture is ‘most important prehistoric art find in UK for century’|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2022/feb/10/ancient-sculpture-is-most-important-prehistoric-art-find-in-uk-for-century|access-date=11 February 2022|website=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref> Unlike the Folkton drums, the Lavant drum is undecorated; however, it may be that earlier markings have been worn away.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Kenny|first=James|last2=Teather|first2=Anne M.|date=2016|title=New insights into the Neolithic chalk drums from Folkton (North Yorkshire) and Lavant (West Sussex)|url=https://www.academia.edu/29585550|journal=PAST: The Newsletter of the Prehistoric Society|language=en|volume=83|pages=5–6}}</ref> The drum was associated with a [[Glossary of archaeology|sherd]] of [[Mortlake ware]], which implies a Middle Neolithic date.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Jones|first=Andrew Meirion|last2=Cochrane|first2=Andrew|last3=Carter|first3=Chris|last4=Dawson|first4=Ian|last5=Díaz-Guardamino|first5=Marta|last6=Kotoula|first6=Eleni|last7=Minkin|first7=Louisa|date=2015|title=Digital imaging and prehistoric imagery: a new analysis of the Folkton Drums|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281147612|journal=Antiquity|language=en|volume=89|issue=347|pages=1085|doi=10.15184/aqy.2015.127|issn=0003-598X}}</ref> It is currently held at [[Chichester]] Museum.<ref name=":1" />


Anne Teather, Andrew Chamberlain and [[Mike Parker Pearson]] have recently proposed that the Folkton and Lavant drums were tools to measure cord to standard lengths which were used in the construction of monuments such as [[Stonehenge]] and the timber circle at [[Durrington Walls]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Teather|first=Anne|last2=Chamberlain|first2=Andrew|last3=Parker Pearson|first3=Mike|date=2019-01-02|title=The chalk drums from Folkton and Lavant: Measuring devices from the time of Stonehenge|journal=British Journal for the History of Mathematics|language=en|volume=34|issue=1|pages=1–11|doi=10.1080/17498430.2018.1555927|issn=2637-5451|doi-access=free}}</ref> The circumference of each of the drums corresponds to a subdivision of 10 Neolithic 'long feet'. Chamberlain and Parker Pearson propose that the Neolithic long foot is equivalent to 1.056 modern feet or 0.3219 meters.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Teather|first=Anne|last2=Chamberlain|first2=Andrew|last3=Parker Pearson|first3=Mike|date=2019-01-02|title=The chalk drums from Folkton and Lavant: Measuring devices from the time of Stonehenge|journal=British Journal for the History of Mathematics|language=en|volume=34|issue=1|pages=4|doi=10.1080/17498430.2018.1555927|issn=2637-5451|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276935906|title=From Stonehenge to the Baltic: Living with cultural diversity in the third millennium BC|last=Chamberlain|first=Andrew|last2=Parker Pearson|first2=Michael|publisher=Archaeopress|year=2007|editor-last=Larsson|editor-first=Mats|location=Oxford|pages=169–174|chapter=Units of measurement in Late Neolithic southern Britain|editor-last2=Parker Pearson|editor-first2=Michael}}</ref> The Lavant drum's circumference of 361.3mm corresponds to 1.1225 long feet or 1/9 of ten long feet.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Teather|first=Anne|last2=Chamberlain|first2=Andrew|last3=Parker Pearson|first3=Mike|date=2019-01-02|title=The chalk drums from Folkton and Lavant: Measuring devices from the time of Stonehenge|journal=British Journal for the History of Mathematics|language=en|volume=34|issue=1|pages=7|doi=10.1080/17498430.2018.1555927|issn=2637-5451|doi-access=free}}</ref>
Anne Teather, Andrew Chamberlain and [[Mike Parker Pearson]] have recently proposed that the Folkton and Lavant drums were tools to measure cord to standard lengths which were used in the construction of monuments such as [[Stonehenge]] and the timber circle at [[Durrington Walls]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Teather|first=Anne|last2=Chamberlain|first2=Andrew|last3=Parker Pearson|first3=Mike|date=2019-01-02|title=The chalk drums from Folkton and Lavant: Measuring devices from the time of Stonehenge|journal=British Journal for the History of Mathematics|language=en|volume=34|issue=1|pages=1–11|doi=10.1080/17498430.2018.1555927|issn=2637-5451|doi-access=free}}</ref> The circumference of each of the drums corresponds to a subdivision of 10 Neolithic 'long feet'. Chamberlain and Parker Pearson propose that the Neolithic long foot is equivalent to 1.056 modern feet or 0.3219 meters.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Teather|first=Anne|last2=Chamberlain|first2=Andrew|last3=Parker Pearson|first3=Mike|date=2019-01-02|title=The chalk drums from Folkton and Lavant: Measuring devices from the time of Stonehenge|journal=British Journal for the History of Mathematics|language=en|volume=34|issue=1|pages=4|doi=10.1080/17498430.2018.1555927|issn=2637-5451|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276935906|title=From Stonehenge to the Baltic: Living with cultural diversity in the third millennium BC|last=Chamberlain|first=Andrew|last2=Parker Pearson|first2=Michael|publisher=Archaeopress|year=2007|editor-last=Larsson|editor-first=Mats|location=Oxford|pages=169–174|chapter=Units of measurement in Late Neolithic southern Britain|editor-last2=Parker Pearson|editor-first2=Michael}}</ref> The Lavant drum's circumference of 361.3mm corresponds to 1.1225 long feet or 1/9 of ten long feet.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Teather|first=Anne|last2=Chamberlain|first2=Andrew|last3=Parker Pearson|first3=Mike|date=2019-01-02|title=The chalk drums from Folkton and Lavant: Measuring devices from the time of Stonehenge|journal=British Journal for the History of Mathematics|language=en|volume=34|issue=1|pages=7|doi=10.1080/17498430.2018.1555927|issn=2637-5451|doi-access=free}}</ref>

Revision as of 01:01, 11 February 2022

The Lavant drum is small cylindrical Neolithic chalk object excavated in 1993. It is similar to the Folkton drums, discovered over a century earlier and the Burton Agnes drum.[1][2] Unlike the Folkton drums, the Lavant drum is undecorated; however, it may be that earlier markings have been worn away.[3] The drum was associated with a sherd of Mortlake ware, which implies a Middle Neolithic date.[4] It is currently held at Chichester Museum.[4]

Anne Teather, Andrew Chamberlain and Mike Parker Pearson have recently proposed that the Folkton and Lavant drums were tools to measure cord to standard lengths which were used in the construction of monuments such as Stonehenge and the timber circle at Durrington Walls.[5] The circumference of each of the drums corresponds to a subdivision of 10 Neolithic 'long feet'. Chamberlain and Parker Pearson propose that the Neolithic long foot is equivalent to 1.056 modern feet or 0.3219 meters.[6][7] The Lavant drum's circumference of 361.3mm corresponds to 1.1225 long feet or 1/9 of ten long feet.[8]

The drum was discovered in 1993 as part of the excavation of Chalk Pit Lane, Lavant, West Sussex. The excavation was not published due to the insolvency of Southern Archaeology, who took over the Chichester and District Archaeology Unit which carried out the original excavation. It was identified as being similar to the Folkton drum in 2005 by Anne Teather.[3]

References

  1. ^ "The Novium - Lavant Drum - Measuring Device from the Time of Stonehenge". www.thenovium.org. Retrieved 2019-12-09.
  2. ^ Thomas, Tobi (10 February 2022). "Ancient sculpture is 'most important prehistoric art find in UK for century'". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  3. ^ a b Kenny, James; Teather, Anne M. (2016). "New insights into the Neolithic chalk drums from Folkton (North Yorkshire) and Lavant (West Sussex)". PAST: The Newsletter of the Prehistoric Society. 83: 5–6.
  4. ^ a b Jones, Andrew Meirion; Cochrane, Andrew; Carter, Chris; Dawson, Ian; Díaz-Guardamino, Marta; Kotoula, Eleni; Minkin, Louisa (2015). "Digital imaging and prehistoric imagery: a new analysis of the Folkton Drums". Antiquity. 89 (347): 1085. doi:10.15184/aqy.2015.127. ISSN 0003-598X.
  5. ^ Teather, Anne; Chamberlain, Andrew; Parker Pearson, Mike (2019-01-02). "The chalk drums from Folkton and Lavant: Measuring devices from the time of Stonehenge". British Journal for the History of Mathematics. 34 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1080/17498430.2018.1555927. ISSN 2637-5451.
  6. ^ Teather, Anne; Chamberlain, Andrew; Parker Pearson, Mike (2019-01-02). "The chalk drums from Folkton and Lavant: Measuring devices from the time of Stonehenge". British Journal for the History of Mathematics. 34 (1): 4. doi:10.1080/17498430.2018.1555927. ISSN 2637-5451.
  7. ^ Chamberlain, Andrew; Parker Pearson, Michael (2007). "Units of measurement in Late Neolithic southern Britain". In Larsson, Mats; Parker Pearson, Michael (eds.). From Stonehenge to the Baltic: Living with cultural diversity in the third millennium BC. Oxford: Archaeopress. pp. 169–174.
  8. ^ Teather, Anne; Chamberlain, Andrew; Parker Pearson, Mike (2019-01-02). "The chalk drums from Folkton and Lavant: Measuring devices from the time of Stonehenge". British Journal for the History of Mathematics. 34 (1): 7. doi:10.1080/17498430.2018.1555927. ISSN 2637-5451.
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