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The area surrounding Greeleyville was once home to several Native American tribes, including the [[Wee Nee]], [[Winyaw|Wee Tee]], and [[Mingo|Mingoes]], who inhabited and utilized the region as hunting grounds into the eighteenth century.<ref name='Bierer'>{{cite book |last1=Bierer |first1=Bert W. |title=South Carolina Indian Lore |date=1972 |publisher=The State Printing Company |location=Columbia, S.C. |pages=8-9, 13-14}}</ref> A remnant population of [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native Americans]], known as the Goins Indian Community, has lived just north of Greeleyville since the mid-nineteenth century.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Paredes |first1=J. Anthony |title=Indians of the Southeastern United States in the Late 20th Century |date=1992 |publisher=The University of Alabama Press |location=Tuscaloosa, AL. |page=75-77}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hicks |first1=Theresa M. |title=South Carolina Indians, Indian Traders, and Other Ethnic Connections |date=1998 |publisher=The Reprint Company |location=Spartanburg, SC |page=263 |edition=1st}}</ref> The community once maintained it's own church and during the [[School segregation in the United States|era of racial segregation]], had a state-funded school that operated until 1949.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Goins |first1=William Moreau |title=SC Native Pathways: A Visitor's & Resource Guide to American Indian Heritage & Historic Sites in South Carolina |date=2008 |publisher=Phoenix Publishers |location=Columbia, S.C. |page=40}}</ref> The community today still exists and alleges to be descended from the Wee Nee, among other historic tribes of the Carolinas.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Goulding |first1=Shelbie |title=Greeleyville Band of Black River Indians regroups with plans to place grave markers in Sumter |url=https://www.theitem.com/stories/greeleyville-band-of-black-river-indians-regroups-with-plans-to-place-grave-markers-in-sumter,371127 |access-date=31 December 2022 |work=The Sumter Item |language=en}}</ref>
The area surrounding Greeleyville was once home to several Native American tribes, including the [[Wee Nee]], [[Winyaw|Wee Tee]], and [[Mingo|Mingoes]], who inhabited and utilized the region as hunting grounds into the eighteenth century.<ref name='Bierer'>{{cite book |last1=Bierer |first1=Bert W. |title=South Carolina Indian Lore |date=1972 |publisher=The State Printing Company |location=Columbia, S.C. |pages=8-9, 13-14}}</ref> A remnant population of [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native Americans]], known as the Goins Indian Community, has lived just north of Greeleyville since the mid-nineteenth century.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Paredes |first1=J. Anthony |title=Indians of the Southeastern United States in the Late 20th Century |date=1992 |publisher=The University of Alabama Press |location=Tuscaloosa, AL. |page=75-77}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hicks |first1=Theresa M. |title=South Carolina Indians, Indian Traders, and Other Ethnic Connections |date=1998 |publisher=The Reprint Company |location=Spartanburg, SC |page=263 |edition=1st}}</ref> The community once maintained its own church and during the [[School segregation in the United States|era of racial segregation]], had a state-funded school that operated until 1949.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Goins |first1=William Moreau |title=SC Native Pathways: A Visitor's & Resource Guide to American Indian Heritage & Historic Sites in South Carolina |date=2008 |publisher=Phoenix Publishers |location=Columbia, S.C. |page=40}}</ref> The community today still exists and alleges to be descended from the Wee Nee, among other historic tribes of the Carolinas.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Goulding |first1=Shelbie |title=Greeleyville Band of Black River Indians regroups with plans to place grave markers in Sumter |url=https://www.theitem.com/stories/greeleyville-band-of-black-river-indians-regroups-with-plans-to-place-grave-markers-in-sumter,371127 |access-date=31 December 2022 |work=The Sumter Item |language=en}}</ref>

The settlement of Greeleyville traces back to the late nineteenth century, when Samuel J. Taylor, a veteran of the American Civil War, came to the present site of the town with his partner, S.J. Hudson.<ref name='HistoryofSC'>{{cite book |last1=Snowden |first1=Yates |title=History of South Carolina Vol. V |date=1920 |publisher=Lewis Publishing Company |location=New York |page=100 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/History_of_South_Carolina/eTgVAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |access-date=31 December 2022}}</ref> The two together bought several hundred acres of timber and began the manufacture of turpentine and rosin.<ref name=HistoryofSC/> Three years later Taylor bought out his partner and began to work with his brother-in-law, W.S. Varner.<ref name=HistoryofSC/> Taylor used his expertise in the mercantile industry to bring prosperity to the area and although his timber holdings became exhausted within the first fifteen years, opted to remain in the emerging town for both financial and sentimental reasons.<ref name=HistoryofSC/> Taylor owned 1,200 acres within present-day town limits and, in the pursuit of promoting a town community, would donate building lots every industrious and capable man willing to build a home in the area. He also gave land freely for streets, churches, and schools within the emerging town.<ref name=HistoryofSC/><ref name='SumterItem'>{{cite news |last1=Way |first1=Sammy |title=Carswell reports on Greeleyville in 1904 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/670613984/ |access-date=31 December 2022 |work=The Sumter Item |agency=Newspapers.com |date=6 January 2013}}</ref> Greeleyville obtained its name when Taylor, who was depending on the turpentine industry, had ordered a bill of goods for his store and was in need of an address.<ref name=SumterItem/> When Taylor, who was a staunch supporter of [[Horace Greeley]], presented the idea of naming the town to local residents, the majority voted in favor of naming the town in honor of Greeley.<ref name=SumterItem/> It is local lore that Greeley once visited the town and became stranded there, while campaigning for presidency in 1872.<ref name='parker'>{{cite news |last1=Parker |first1=Jim |title=Residents of Greeleyville like secluded, spruced-up, crime free community |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/78470301/ |access-date=31 December 2022 |work=The Gaffney Ledger |agency=Newspapers.com |date=19 September 1984}}</ref> On December 20, 1893, the town was officially chartered as Greeleyville.

In 1904, Mallard Lumber Company had become the main enterprise of Greeleyville, shipping a variety of types of lumber north for sale.<ref name=SumterItem/> The company's timber was located in the counties Williamsburg and Clarendon, and at that time it was possible to allow for the cutting of 30,000 feet of lumber a day, for at least half a dozen years.<ref name=SumterItem/> Thomas Walter Boyle was a key figure in the development of Greeleyville during the early 20th century.<ref name='HistoryofSC2'>{{cite book |last1=Snowden |first1=Yates |title=History of South Carolina Vol. V |date=1920 |publisher=Lewis Publishing Company |location=New York |page=58-59 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/History_of_South_Carolina/eTgVAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |access-date=31 December 2022}}</ref> He held several important positions in the town, including vice-president of the Mallard Lumber Company and president of the Bank of Greeleyville and the Greeleyville Land & Improvement Company. Boyle's efforts in local manufacturing, merchandising, and other fields significantly contributed to the growth and prosperity of Greeleyville.<ref name=HistoryofSC2/> Before Boyle's arrival in 1886, the town was relatively small, with only a saw mill, a single store, and two dwelling houses.<ref name=HistoryofSC2/> The nearest school and telegraph office were located several miles away in Foreston. Within thirty-five years, Greeleyville was characterized by various forms of industry and enterprise.<ref name=HistoryofSC2/>

By the mid twentieth century, most sources of employment once available to residents of Greeleyville were no longer existent and this led many to begin seeking work in other communities throughout the state.<ref name=parker/> In 1978, the town gained a medical center and four years later, in 1982, a pharmacy was opened on the site of the town's former mule and livery stable.<ref name=parker/> The town's only chain grocery store, IGA, moved to a larger location with expanding parking in 1984.<ref name=parker/> The store later closed and a Super G Foods Store opened in the same location before going out of business in 2008.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brown |first1=Linda W. |title=Empty grocery, Greeleyville, S.C. – Building a better South |url=https://www.bettersouth.org/2013/09/empty-grocery-greeleyville-s-c/ |website=www.bettersouth.org |access-date=31 December 2022}}</ref> During the twenty-first century, many shops once located in downtown Greeleyville became abandoned due to competition with big-box stores and other stores located along nearby U.S. Highway 521.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brown |first1=Linda. W. |title=Main Street, Greeleyville, S.C. – Building a better South |url=https://www.bettersouth.org/2013/09/main-street-greeleyville-s-c/ |website=www.bettersouth.org |access-date=31 December 2022}}</ref>

On May 21, 2021, the town of Greeleyville gathered for the ribbon-cutting ceremony for the Jonte-Sabb Farmer's Market and Pavilion.<ref name='Jontesabb'>{{cite web |last1=Caines |first1=Richard |title=Jonte - Sabb Farmer’s Market and Pavilion celebrates with ribbon cutting |url=https://www.postandcourier.com/kingstree/news/jonte---sabb-farmer-s-market-and-pavilion-celebrates-with-ribbon-cutting/article_51e6a86c-befc-11eb-817c-732613e0063f.html |website=The Post and Courier |access-date=31 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref> The structure is named for senator [[Ronnie A. Sabb]] and the late Leonard Jonte, the former CEO and president of the Bank of Greeleyville, who died in 2008.<ref name=Jontesabb/><ref name='Jonteobit'>{{cite web |title=Leonard Jonte Obituary |url=https://obits.postandcourier.com/us/obituaries/charleston/name/leonard-jonte-obituary?id=25753572 |website=postandcourier.com |access-date=31 December 2022}}</ref> Jonte devoted countless hours to preserving and bettering the town, having co-founded the Greeleyville Flag Day Festival and having served on the Greeleyville Beautification Committee.<ref name=Jontesabb/><ref name=Jonteobit/> He also purchased the Varner House, a residence thought to be the oldest structure in the town, and opened it to the public as a museum housing historical memorabilia.<ref name=Jonteobit/>

===Burning of Mt. Zion AME Church===
On the night of June 20, 1995, during a string of over thirty suspicious fires at [[African American]] churches between 1995 and 1996, [[Mount Zion AME Church]] was burned as the result of arson by two [[Ku Klux Klan]] members.<ref>{{cite book |title=Ku Klux Klan : A History of Racism and Violence |date=1997 |publisher=Diane Pub Company |location=Montgomery, AL |isbn=9780788170317 |page=42}}</ref> President [[Bill Clinton]] traveled to Greeleyville in June of 1996 to attend the dedication of the rebuilt church, vowing to enlist the full power of the federal government to put an end to the mass burnings of African American churches going on at the time.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Broder |first1=John M. |title=Clinton Vows to End Burnings of Black Churches |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/159049681/ |access-date=31 December 2022 |work=The Los Angeles Times |agency=Newspapers.com |date=13 June 1996}}</ref> The church became a national symbol of arsons following Clinton's visit to Greeleyville.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Graham |first1=David A. |title=The Burning and Re-Burning of a Black South Carolina Church |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/07/the-burning-and-re-burning-of-mt-zion-church/397490/ |website=The Atlantic |access-date=31 December 2022 |language=en |date=1 July 2015}}</ref>

===Historic Sites===
Locations listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]]:

Latest revision as of 06:52, 31 December 2022

The area surrounding Greeleyville was once home to several Native American tribes, including the Wee Nee, Wee Tee, and Mingoes, who inhabited and utilized the region as hunting grounds into the eighteenth century.[1] A remnant population of Native Americans, known as the Goins Indian Community, has lived just north of Greeleyville since the mid-nineteenth century.[2][3] The community once maintained its own church and during the era of racial segregation, had a state-funded school that operated until 1949.[4] The community today still exists and alleges to be descended from the Wee Nee, among other historic tribes of the Carolinas.[5]

The settlement of Greeleyville traces back to the late nineteenth century, when Samuel J. Taylor, a veteran of the American Civil War, came to the present site of the town with his partner, S.J. Hudson.[6] The two together bought several hundred acres of timber and began the manufacture of turpentine and rosin.[6] Three years later Taylor bought out his partner and began to work with his brother-in-law, W.S. Varner.[6] Taylor used his expertise in the mercantile industry to bring prosperity to the area and although his timber holdings became exhausted within the first fifteen years, opted to remain in the emerging town for both financial and sentimental reasons.[6] Taylor owned 1,200 acres within present-day town limits and, in the pursuit of promoting a town community, would donate building lots every industrious and capable man willing to build a home in the area. He also gave land freely for streets, churches, and schools within the emerging town.[6][7] Greeleyville obtained its name when Taylor, who was depending on the turpentine industry, had ordered a bill of goods for his store and was in need of an address.[7] When Taylor, who was a staunch supporter of Horace Greeley, presented the idea of naming the town to local residents, the majority voted in favor of naming the town in honor of Greeley.[7] It is local lore that Greeley once visited the town and became stranded there, while campaigning for presidency in 1872.[8] On December 20, 1893, the town was officially chartered as Greeleyville.

In 1904, Mallard Lumber Company had become the main enterprise of Greeleyville, shipping a variety of types of lumber north for sale.[7] The company's timber was located in the counties Williamsburg and Clarendon, and at that time it was possible to allow for the cutting of 30,000 feet of lumber a day, for at least half a dozen years.[7] Thomas Walter Boyle was a key figure in the development of Greeleyville during the early 20th century.[9] He held several important positions in the town, including vice-president of the Mallard Lumber Company and president of the Bank of Greeleyville and the Greeleyville Land & Improvement Company. Boyle's efforts in local manufacturing, merchandising, and other fields significantly contributed to the growth and prosperity of Greeleyville.[9] Before Boyle's arrival in 1886, the town was relatively small, with only a saw mill, a single store, and two dwelling houses.[9] The nearest school and telegraph office were located several miles away in Foreston. Within thirty-five years, Greeleyville was characterized by various forms of industry and enterprise.[9]

By the mid twentieth century, most sources of employment once available to residents of Greeleyville were no longer existent and this led many to begin seeking work in other communities throughout the state.[8] In 1978, the town gained a medical center and four years later, in 1982, a pharmacy was opened on the site of the town's former mule and livery stable.[8] The town's only chain grocery store, IGA, moved to a larger location with expanding parking in 1984.[8] The store later closed and a Super G Foods Store opened in the same location before going out of business in 2008.[10] During the twenty-first century, many shops once located in downtown Greeleyville became abandoned due to competition with big-box stores and other stores located along nearby U.S. Highway 521.[11]

On May 21, 2021, the town of Greeleyville gathered for the ribbon-cutting ceremony for the Jonte-Sabb Farmer's Market and Pavilion.[12] The structure is named for senator Ronnie A. Sabb and the late Leonard Jonte, the former CEO and president of the Bank of Greeleyville, who died in 2008.[12][13] Jonte devoted countless hours to preserving and bettering the town, having co-founded the Greeleyville Flag Day Festival and having served on the Greeleyville Beautification Committee.[12][13] He also purchased the Varner House, a residence thought to be the oldest structure in the town, and opened it to the public as a museum housing historical memorabilia.[13]

Burning of Mt. Zion AME Church[edit]

On the night of June 20, 1995, during a string of over thirty suspicious fires at African American churches between 1995 and 1996, Mount Zion AME Church was burned as the result of arson by two Ku Klux Klan members.[14] President Bill Clinton traveled to Greeleyville in June of 1996 to attend the dedication of the rebuilt church, vowing to enlist the full power of the federal government to put an end to the mass burnings of African American churches going on at the time.[15] The church became a national symbol of arsons following Clinton's visit to Greeleyville.[16]

Historic Sites[edit]

Locations listed on the National Register of Historic Places:

  1. ^ Bierer, Bert W. (1972). South Carolina Indian Lore. Columbia, S.C.: The State Printing Company. pp. 8–9, 13–14.
  2. ^ Paredes, J. Anthony (1992). Indians of the Southeastern United States in the Late 20th Century. Tuscaloosa, AL.: The University of Alabama Press. p. 75-77.
  3. ^ Hicks, Theresa M. (1998). South Carolina Indians, Indian Traders, and Other Ethnic Connections (1st ed.). Spartanburg, SC: The Reprint Company. p. 263.
  4. ^ Goins, William Moreau (2008). SC Native Pathways: A Visitor's & Resource Guide to American Indian Heritage & Historic Sites in South Carolina. Columbia, S.C.: Phoenix Publishers. p. 40.
  5. ^ Goulding, Shelbie. "Greeleyville Band of Black River Indians regroups with plans to place grave markers in Sumter". The Sumter Item. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  6. ^ a b c d e Snowden, Yates (1920). History of South Carolina Vol. V. New York: Lewis Publishing Company. p. 100. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  7. ^ a b c d e Way, Sammy (6 January 2013). "Carswell reports on Greeleyville in 1904". The Sumter Item. Newspapers.com. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  8. ^ a b c d Parker, Jim (19 September 1984). "Residents of Greeleyville like secluded, spruced-up, crime free community". The Gaffney Ledger. Newspapers.com. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  9. ^ a b c d Snowden, Yates (1920). History of South Carolina Vol. V. New York: Lewis Publishing Company. p. 58-59. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  10. ^ Brown, Linda W. "Empty grocery, Greeleyville, S.C. – Building a better South". www.bettersouth.org. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  11. ^ Brown, Linda. W. "Main Street, Greeleyville, S.C. – Building a better South". www.bettersouth.org. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  12. ^ a b c Caines, Richard. "Jonte - Sabb Farmer's Market and Pavilion celebrates with ribbon cutting". The Post and Courier. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  13. ^ a b c "Leonard Jonte Obituary". postandcourier.com. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  14. ^ Ku Klux Klan : A History of Racism and Violence. Montgomery, AL: Diane Pub Company. 1997. p. 42. ISBN 9780788170317.
  15. ^ Broder, John M. (13 June 1996). "Clinton Vows to End Burnings of Black Churches". The Los Angeles Times. Newspapers.com. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  16. ^ Graham, David A. (1 July 2015). "The Burning and Re-Burning of a Black South Carolina Church". The Atlantic. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
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