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Undid revision 1153838640 by 78.164.55.5 (talk) rv irrelevant examples, nothing slightly related to the topic
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Undid revision 1153841739 by Beshogur (talk) Two-state solution is a form of Dissolution. Dissolution does NOT necessarily imply or require that the newly-formed entities (after the de facto or de jure dissolution) are the formal constituents of the dissolved structure. See Talk with the relevant citations.
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==See also==
==See also==
{{colbegin}}
*[[Taksim (politics)]]
*[[Taksim (politics)]]
*[[Dissolution (politics)]]
*[[Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire|Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire]] (800-1806)
*[[Dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden|Dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden]] (1814–1905) (peaceful dissolution)
*[[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves|Dissolution of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]] (1815-1825)
*[[Dissolution of Austria-Hungary|Dissolution of Austria-Hungary]] (1867-1918)
*[[Dissolution of Czechoslovakia|Dissolution of Czechoslovakia]] (1918-1992) (peaceful dissolution)
*[[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|Dissolution of the Soviet Union]] (1922-1991)
*[[Breakup of Yugoslavia|Breakup of Yugoslavia]] (1945-1992)
*[[Serbia and Montenegro|Dissolution of Serbia and Montenegro]] (1992-2006)
{{colend}}


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 07:54, 9 May 2023

The current situation in Cyprus

The two-state solution[1] for the Cyprus dispute refers to the proposed permanent division of the island of Cyprus into a Turkish Cypriot state in the north and a Greek Cypriot state in the south, as opposed to the various proposals for reunification that have been suggested since the island was split into two by the 1974 Turkish invasion. The two-state solution would entail the legalisation of the status quo, where Greek Cypriots govern the southern part of the island and Turkish Cypriots govern the northern part, the latter of which is currently not recognised by any country other than Turkey.

On 14 December 2019, Foreign Minister of Northern Cyprus Kudret Özersay said a two-state solution to the issue was "close to hand".[2] On 23 February 2020, Ersin Tatar, who was then the prime minister of Northern Cyprus and was elected its president eight months later, said that "a forced marriage cannot be successful". He elaborated, "We are different, we speak Turkish and they speak Greek. We are Muslims and they are Christians. The new generation does not know each other at all. A child who was 10 in 1974 is now 55, he has grandchildren. We are separated."[3]

Relevant Court Cases

International law contains no prohibition on declarations of independence,[4] and the recognition of a country is a political issue.[5]

  • On 2 July 2013, The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) decided that "...notwithstanding the lack of international recognition of the regime in the northern area, a de facto recognition of its acts may be rendered necessary for practical purposes. Thus the adoption by the authorities of the "TRNC" of civil, administrative or criminal law measures, and their application or enforcement within that territory, may be regarded as having a legal basis in domestic law for the purposes of the Convention".[6]
  • On 9 October 2014, the USA's Federal Court stated that "the TRNC purportedly operates as a democratic republic with a president, prime minister, legislature and judiciary".[7][8][9]
  • On 2 September 2015, ECtHR decided that "...the court system set up in the "TRNC" was to be considered to have been "established by law" with reference to the "constitutional and legal basis" on which it operated, and it has not accepted the allegation that the "TRNC" courts as a whole lacked independence and/or impartiality".[10]
  • On 3 February 2017, The United Kingdom's High Court stated "There was no duty in the United Kingdom law upon the Government to refrain from recognizing Northern Cyprus. The United Nations itself works with Northern Cyprus law enforcement agencies and facilitates co-operation between the two parts of the island".[11] and revealed that the co-operation between the United Kingdom police and law agencies in Northern Cyprus is legal.

Support for two-state solution

In general, Turkey has often expressed its support for the two-state solution as an alternative to reunification, most notably by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan during his visit to majority Turkish North Nicosia in 2014.[12] According to Greek Cypriot media, the two-state solution is pushed by Turkey in case the UN-mediated peace process fails.[13]

In December 2021, the President of Northern Cyprus Ersin Tatar said that there are two separate states on the island and the Turkish Cypriot side will not accept a solution on the basis of a federation and it will not step back from the new policy of two separate states, which is fully supported by Turkey.[14]

On 30 January, 2022, the Turkish Cypriot president Tatar specified that the sovereign equality and the equal international status of the Turkish Cypriots are non-negotiable.[15][16][17][18]

Polls

In 2007, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus performed a poll on the topic, with 60% of Turkish Cypriots supporting the idea of the two-state solution.[1] Another poll in 2009, made by KADEM research, showed 77.9% support among Turkish Cypriots with 63% casting doubt over the success of the peace negotiations.[1]

In April 2009, an opinion poll conducted for the CyBC showed that the majority of Greek Cypriots supported partition.[19]

In a 2010 opinion poll, 84% of Greek Cypriots and 70% of Turkish Cypriots agreed with the sentiment that "the other side would never accept the actual compromises and concessions that are needed for a fair and viable settlement".[20]

On 16 November 2019, a European Social Survey poll revealed that 13.9% of Greek Cypriots were in favor of the two-state solution, while 13.7% were neither for or against it but could tolerate it if necessary. It also showed that 18% of Greek Cypriots were in favor of keeping things the same, and that 31.2% were neither for or against it but could tolerate it if necessary. The poll concluded that 49.2% of Greek Cypriots were not against the current situation, while 27.6% were not against the two-state solution.[21][unbalanced opinion?]

According to a January 2020 poll by Gezici, the two-state solution had a support rate of 81.3% among Turkish Cypriots.[22]

In an opinion poll conducted by Cypronetwork among Greek Cypriots on behalf of the Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation (CyBC) in 2022, 18% stated that the best solution to the Cyprus problem was two separate states; the same figure was 4% in May 2021.[23]

Opposition to two-state solution

The UN has tried to achieve the solution of the dispute via the reunification of Cyprus based on a federal model, with the Annan Plan as the most concrete example, though this was voted down by Greek Cypriots in 2004.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Salih, Halil Ibrahim (2013). Reshaping of Cyprus: A Two-State Solution:. US: Xlibris. p. 220. ISBN 978-1-4797-8014-3.
  2. ^ "Ozersay anticipates two-state solution". Cypriumnews. Cyprium News, 14.12.2019. 14 December 2019. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  3. ^ "Brexit can end Cyprus stand-off between north and south, Prime Minister says". Express, 20.03.2020. 23 February 2020. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  4. ^ BBC Archived 22 May 2018 at the Wayback Machine The President of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) Hisashi Owada (2010): "International law contains no prohibition on declarations of independence."
  5. ^ Oshisanya, An Almanac of Contemporary and Comperative Judicial Restatement, 2016 Archived 14 November 2022 at the Wayback Machine p.64: The ICJ maintained that ... the issue of recognition was apolitical.
  6. ^ ECtHRThe decision of 02.07.2013. paragraph 29
  7. ^ Courthouse News Center 13.10.2014 Property Spat Over Turk-Controlled Cyprus Fails
  8. ^ USA's Federal CourtMichali Toumazou, Nicolas Kantzilaris and Maroulla Tompazou versus Republic of Turkey and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
  9. ^ USA's Federal CourtToumazou et al v. Republic of Turkey and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
  10. ^ ECtHRThe decision of 02.09.2015. paragraph 237.
  11. ^ The Telegraph 03.02.2017Criminals fleeing British justice can no longer use Cyprus as a safe haven, judges rule, in landmark decision
  12. ^ Kempton two state solution
  13. ^ Famagusta two state Cyprus
  14. ^ "Turkish Cypriot President slams EU, backs its position". hurriyetdailynews.com. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
  15. ^ "Tatar insists on sovereign equality to start Cyprus talks". philenews. 30 January 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
  16. ^ "Tatar says he's ready for an informal dialogue". Cyprus-mail. 30 January 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
  17. ^ "E. Tatar: First recognition of sovereign equality, then negotiation". worldstockmarket. 30 January 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
  18. ^ "Incendiary statements of Tatars: Varosia belongs to the pseudo-state – "The federation is out of time"". Fourals. 30 January 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
  19. ^ Loucas Charalambous (5 February 2017). "Why the majority want partition". Cyprus Mail.
  20. ^ "Cyprus 2015 Initiative: Solving the Cyprus Problem: Hopes and Fears; 2011, p. 38". UNDP. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  21. ^ "GC poll on two-state solution, BBF or ?". Cypriumnews. Cyprium News, 16.11.2019. 16 November 2019. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  22. ^ "Gezici Poll firm revealed survey results: Tatar is leading". Gundem Kibris, 20.01.2020. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  23. ^ "Majority of Cypriots feel 'anxious, dissatisfied and angry' – poll". Retrieved 18 November 2022.