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'''Alan Winfield''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CEng}} (born 1956) is a British [[engineer]] and educator.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alan Winfield interviewed by Peter Asaro for the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Robotics History project|url=https://www.ieee-ras.org/roboticshistory/roboticist-detail/roboticistprofile.html?profileid=87|access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref> He is Professor of Robot Ethics at [[UWE Bristol]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Professor Alan Winfield |url=https://people.uwe.ac.uk/Person/AlanWinfield |url-status=live |access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref> Honorary Professor at the [[University of York]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=School of Physics, Engineering and Technology |url=https://www.york.ac.uk/physics-engineering-technology/people/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2023}}</ref> and Associate Fellow in the Cambridge [[Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence|Centre for the Future of Intelligence]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alan Winfield Associate Fellow|url=http://lcfi.ac.uk/people/alan-winfield/|access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref>
'''Alan Winfield''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CEng}} (born 1956) is a British [[engineer]] and educator.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alan Winfield interviewed by Peter Asaro for the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Robotics History project |url=https://www.ieee-ras.org/roboticshistory/roboticist-detail/roboticistprofile.html?profileid=87 |access-date=9 May 2023 |website=ieee-ras.org}}</ref> He is Professor of Robot Ethics at [[UWE Bristol]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Professor Alan Winfield |url=https://people.uwe.ac.uk/Person/AlanWinfield |url-status=live |access-date=9 May 2023 |website=uwe.ac.uk}}</ref> Honorary Professor at the [[University of York]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=School of Physics, Engineering and Technology |url=https://www.york.ac.uk/physics-engineering-technology/people/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2023 |website=york.ac.uk}}</ref> and Associate Fellow in the Cambridge [[Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence|Centre for the Future of Intelligence]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alan Winfield Associate Fellow |url=http://lcfi.ac.uk/people/alan-winfield/ |access-date=9 May 2023 |website=lcfi.ac.uk}}</ref>


Winfield is known for research in [[swarm robotics]],<ref>{{Cite news |title=Robots with a mind of their own|publisher=ITV News|date=13 March 2008|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SkvpEfAPXn4|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Material World|publisher=BBC Radio 4|date=8 May 2008|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/b00b55t7|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Hive hopes|publisher=The Engineer|date=16 June 2008|url=https://www.theengineer.co.uk/content/in-depth/hive-hopes|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=In Interview: Alan Winfield|publisher=Science Museum|date=30 November 2011 |url=https://blog.sciencemuseum.org.uk/in-interview-alan-winfield/|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref> robots modelling [[cultural evolution]],<ref>{{Cite news |title=Will Big Brother be cultural watershed for robots?|publisher=Times Higher Education|date=27 April 2007|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/will-big-brother-be-cultural-watershed-for-robots/208699.article|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref><ref name=BBC2012>{{Cite news |title=Dancing robots reveal cultural cues|author=Mark Ward|publisher=BBC News|date=8 June 2012|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-18352293|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref><ref name=Naut2022>{{Cite web |title=Robots Show Us Who We Are|author=Brian Gallagher|date=23 March 2022|magazine=Nautilus|url=https://nautil.us/robots-show-us-who-we-are-238448/|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref> and [[Self model|self-modelling]] (including [[Machine ethics|ethical]]) robots.<ref name=NewSci2014>{{Cite web |title=Ethical trap: robot paralysed by choice of who to save|author=Aviva Rutkin|date=10 September 2014|magazine=New Scientist| url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22329863-700-ethical-trap-robot-paralysed-by-choice-of-who-to-save/|access-date=9 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Un robot face à un dilemme|author=Soline Roy|date=14 November 2014|newspaper=Le Figaro|url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/sciences/2014/11/14/01008-20141114ARTFIG00422-un-robot-face-a-un-dilemme.php|lang=French|access-date=9 July 2023}}</ref><ref name=Nat2015></ref><ref name=SciAm2018>{{Cite web |title=How to Make a Robot Use Theory of Mind|author=Chris Baraniuk|date=17 August 2018 |magazine=Scientific American|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-to-make-a-robot-use-theory-of-mind/|access-date=2 June 2023}}</ref><ref name=Naut2022></ref> He is also known for advocacy and standards development in [[robot ethics|robot]] and [[AI ethics]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethical Robots and Robot Ethics|author=Tessel Renzenbrink|magazine=Elektor|date=22 January 2016|url=https://www.elektormagazine.com/articles/ethical-robots-and-robot-ethics|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref><ref name=Guard2016></ref><ref name=Prospect2017>{{Cite web |title=Does AI pose a threat to society?|author=Sameer Rahim|magazine=Prospect Magazine|date=20 March 2017|url=https://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/sponsored/44110/does-ai-pose-a-threat-to-society|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Is the AI apocalypse actually coming? What life could look like if robots take over|author=Katie Strick| newspaper=London Evening Standard|date=31 May 2023|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/insider/ai-apocalypse-life-robots-take-over-elon-musk-chatgpt-b1078423.html|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref>
Winfield is known for research in [[swarm robotics]],<ref>{{Cite news |title=Robots with a mind of their own|publisher=ITV News|date=13 March 2008|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SkvpEfAPXn4|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Material World|publisher=BBC Radio 4|date=8 May 2008|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/b00b55t7|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Hive hopes|publisher=The Engineer|date=16 June 2008|url=https://www.theengineer.co.uk/content/in-depth/hive-hopes|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2011 |title=In Interview: Alan Winfield |url=https://blog.sciencemuseum.org.uk/in-interview-alan-winfield/ |access-date=8 July 2023 |website=sciencemuseum.org.uk |publisher=Science Museum}}</ref> robots modelling [[cultural evolution]],<ref>{{Cite news |title=Will Big Brother be cultural watershed for robots?|publisher=Times Higher Education|date=27 April 2007|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/will-big-brother-be-cultural-watershed-for-robots/208699.article|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref><ref name=BBC2012>{{Cite news |title=Dancing robots reveal cultural cues|author=Mark Ward|publisher=BBC News|date=8 June 2012|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-18352293|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref><ref name=Naut2022>{{Cite web |title=Robots Show Us Who We Are|author=Brian Gallagher|date=23 March 2022|magazine=Nautilus|url=https://nautil.us/robots-show-us-who-we-are-238448/|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref> and [[Self model|self-modelling]] (including [[Machine ethics|ethical]]) robots.<ref name=NewSci2014>{{Cite web |title=Ethical trap: robot paralysed by choice of who to save|author=Aviva Rutkin|date=10 September 2014|magazine=New Scientist| url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22329863-700-ethical-trap-robot-paralysed-by-choice-of-who-to-save/|access-date=9 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Un robot face à un dilemme|author=Soline Roy|date=14 November 2014|newspaper=Le Figaro|url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/sciences/2014/11/14/01008-20141114ARTFIG00422-un-robot-face-a-un-dilemme.php|lang=French|access-date=9 July 2023}}</ref><ref name=Nat2015></ref><ref name=SciAm2018>{{Cite web |title=How to Make a Robot Use Theory of Mind|author=Chris Baraniuk|date=17 August 2018 |magazine=Scientific American|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-to-make-a-robot-use-theory-of-mind/|access-date=2 June 2023}}</ref><ref name=Naut2022></ref> He is also known for advocacy and standards development in [[robot ethics|robot]] and [[AI ethics]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethical Robots and Robot Ethics|author=Tessel Renzenbrink|magazine=Elektor|date=22 January 2016|url=https://www.elektormagazine.com/articles/ethical-robots-and-robot-ethics|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref><ref name=Guard2016></ref><ref name=Prospect2017>{{Cite web |title=Does AI pose a threat to society?|author=Sameer Rahim|magazine=Prospect Magazine|date=20 March 2017|url=https://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/sponsored/44110/does-ai-pose-a-threat-to-society|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Is the AI apocalypse actually coming? What life could look like if robots take over|author=Katie Strick| newspaper=London Evening Standard|date=31 May 2023|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/insider/ai-apocalypse-life-robots-take-over-elon-musk-chatgpt-b1078423.html|access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref>


His work has been reported by the [[BBC]],<ref name=BBC2012>{{Cite news |title=Dancing robots reveal cultural cues|author=Mark Ward|publisher=BBC News|date=8 June 2012|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-18352293|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref><ref name=hardtalk2017></ref> ''[[New Scientist]]'',<ref name=NewSci2014></ref> ''[[The Guardian]]'',<ref>{{Cite news |title=Give robots an 'ethical black box' to track and explain decisions, say scientists|author=Ian Sample|date=19 July 2017 |newspaper=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/jul/19/give-robots-an-ethical-black-box-to-track-and-explain-decisions-say-scientists|access-date=2 June 2023}}</ref> ''[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]'',<ref>{{Cite news |title=The British engineers creating robots that 'breed' |author=Ellie Zolfagharifard|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=14 March 2021|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2021/03/14/british-engineers-creating-self-replicating-robots/|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref> ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'',<ref name=Nat2015>{{Cite journal |title=Machine ethics: The robot's dilemma|author=Boer Deng|date=1 July 2015|journal=Nature|volume=523 |issue=7558 |pages=24–26 |doi=10.1038/523024a |pmid=26135432 |bibcode=2015Natur.523...24D |s2cid=4459500 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/523024a|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref> and ''[[Scientific American]]''.<ref name=SciAm2018></ref>
His work has been reported by the [[BBC]],<ref name=BBC2012>{{Cite news |title=Dancing robots reveal cultural cues|author=Mark Ward|publisher=BBC News|date=8 June 2012|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-18352293|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref><ref name=hardtalk2017></ref> ''[[New Scientist]]'',<ref name=NewSci2014></ref> ''[[The Guardian]]'',<ref>{{Cite news |title=Give robots an 'ethical black box' to track and explain decisions, say scientists|author=Ian Sample|date=19 July 2017 |newspaper=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/jul/19/give-robots-an-ethical-black-box-to-track-and-explain-decisions-say-scientists|access-date=2 June 2023}}</ref> ''[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]'',<ref>{{Cite news |title=The British engineers creating robots that 'breed' |author=Ellie Zolfagharifard|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=14 March 2021|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2021/03/14/british-engineers-creating-self-replicating-robots/|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref> ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'',<ref name=Nat2015>{{Cite journal |title=Machine ethics: The robot's dilemma|author=Boer Deng|date=1 July 2015|journal=Nature|volume=523 |issue=7558 |pages=24–26 |doi=10.1038/523024a |pmid=26135432 |bibcode=2015Natur.523...24D |s2cid=4459500 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/523024a|access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref> and ''[[Scientific American]]''.<ref name=SciAm2018></ref>
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==Early life and education==
==Early life and education==


Winfield was born in [[Burton upon Trent]] where he attended [[Burton Grammar School]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Burton Grammar School Old Boys' Association |url=http://www.burtongrammar.co.uk/category/old-boys/oba|access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref>. He studied [[electronic engineering]] for both BSc and PhD, majoring in [[telecommunications]], at the [[University of Hull]] from 1974 to 1984. Following his first degree he won an [[Science and Engineering Research Council|SERC]] scholarship for doctoral study in the field of [[information theory]] and [[error-correcting codes]] under the supervision of Rodney Goodman.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rod Goodman |url=http://www.rod.goodman.name/|access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref>
Winfield was born in [[Burton upon Trent]] where he attended [[Burton Grammar School]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Burton Grammar School Old Boys' Association |url=http://www.burtongrammar.co.uk/category/old-boys/oba |access-date=9 May 2023 |website=burtongrammar.co.uk}}</ref>. He studied [[electronic engineering]] for both BSc and PhD, majoring in [[telecommunications]], at the [[University of Hull]] from 1974 to 1984. Following his first degree he won an [[Science and Engineering Research Council|SERC]] scholarship for doctoral study in the field of [[information theory]] and [[error-correcting codes]] under the supervision of Rodney Goodman.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rodney M. Goodman Curriculum Vitae |url=http://www.rod.goodman.name/pdf/R.G.WebCV.pdf |access-date=9 May 2023 |website=rod.goodman.name}}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
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Winfield's first faculty appointment was as lecturer in the department of electronic engineering at the University of Hull, from 1981 to 1984. During this period he wrote a guide to the programming language [[Forth (programming language)|Forth]], ''The Complete Forth'', Wiley, 1983.<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Complete Forth |author=Alan Winfield|publisher = Wiley|date = 1983|isbn=9780471882350 |url=https://archive.org/details/completeforth0000winf/|access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref> Winfield also invented an [[Computer architecture|architecture]] for executing native Forth at machine level.<ref>{{Cite web |title=United States Patent no 4,974,157, Data Processing System |url=https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/03/69/89/6ba72b89efc744/US4974157.pdf|access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref>
Winfield's first faculty appointment was as lecturer in the department of electronic engineering at the University of Hull, from 1981 to 1984. During this period he wrote a guide to the programming language [[Forth (programming language)|Forth]], ''The Complete Forth'', Wiley, 1983.<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Complete Forth |author=Alan Winfield|publisher = Wiley|date = 1983|isbn=9780471882350 |url=https://archive.org/details/completeforth0000winf/|access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref> Winfield also invented an [[Computer architecture|architecture]] for executing native Forth at machine level.<ref>{{Cite web |title=United States Patent no 4,974,157, Data Processing System |url=https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/03/69/89/6ba72b89efc744/US4974157.pdf|access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref>


In 1984 Winfield resigned his lectureship and founded, with Rod Goodman, Metaforth Computer Systems Ltd, with the aim of commercializing the Forth machine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=APD Communications Ltd |url=https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/01847526|access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="balance1981">{{cite magazine|title=Byte UK: Multitasking Forth|author=Dick Pountain|publisher=McGraw-Hill| magazine=Byte |date=March 1985 |pages= 363–371|url=https://archive.org/details/byte-magazine-1985-03/page/n363/mode/2up|accessdate = 12 May 2023}}</ref>
In 1984 Winfield resigned his lectureship and founded, with Rod Goodman, Metaforth Computer Systems Ltd, with the aim of commercializing the Forth machine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=APD Communications Ltd |url=https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/01847526 |access-date=11 May 2023 |website=company-information.service.gov.uk}}</ref><ref name="balance1981">{{cite magazine|title=Byte UK: Multitasking Forth|author=Dick Pountain|publisher=McGraw-Hill| magazine=Byte |date=March 1985 |pages= 363–371|url=https://archive.org/details/byte-magazine-1985-03/page/n363/mode/2up|accessdate = 12 May 2023}}</ref>


In 1992 Winfield was appointed Hewlett-Packard Professor of Electronic Engineering and Associate Dean (Research) at [[UWE|UWE, Bristol]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2004 |title=Alan FT Winfield |url=https://ias.uwe.ac.uk/People%20Pages/a-winfie2/AFT_Winfield.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20050412231839/https://ias.uwe.ac.uk/People%20Pages/a-winfie2/AFT_Winfield.html |archive-date=12 April 2005 |access-date=19 July 2023}}</ref> where he co-founded the [[Bristol Robotics Laboratory]]. From 2009 to 2016 he was director of UWE's Science Communication Unit.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Science Communication Unit members |url=http://www1.uwe.ac.uk/research/sciencecommunicationunit/staffandstudents.aspx|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20160422172258/http://www1.uwe.ac.uk/research/sciencecommunicationunit/staffandstudents.aspx |access-date=12 May 2023|archive-date=22 April 2016 }}</ref>
In 1992 Winfield was appointed Hewlett-Packard Professor of Electronic Engineering and Associate Dean (Research) at [[UWE|UWE, Bristol]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2004 |title=Alan FT Winfield |url=https://ias.uwe.ac.uk/People%20Pages/a-winfie2/AFT_Winfield.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20050412231839/https://ias.uwe.ac.uk/People%20Pages/a-winfie2/AFT_Winfield.html |archive-date=12 April 2005 |access-date=19 July 2023}}</ref> where he co-founded the [[Bristol Robotics Laboratory]]. From 2009 to 2016 he was director of UWE's Science Communication Unit.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Science Communication Unit members |url=http://www1.uwe.ac.uk/research/sciencecommunicationunit/staffandstudents.aspx |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20160422172258/http://www1.uwe.ac.uk/research/sciencecommunicationunit/staffandstudents.aspx |archive-date=22 April 2016 |access-date=12 May 2023 |website=uwe.ac.uk}}</ref>


Winfield is a member of the editorial boards of the [[Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=JETAI Editorial Board |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?show=editorialBoard&journalCode=teta20|access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref>, and the Journal of AI and Ethics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AI and Ethics Editors |url=https://www.springer.com/journal/43681/editors|access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref> He is also an associate editor of [[Frontiers Media|Frontiers]] Robotics and AI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Frontiers Learning and Evolution Editors |url=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/sections/robot-learning-and-evolution/editors|access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref>
Winfield is a member of the editorial boards of the [[Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=JETAI Editorial Board |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?show=editorialBoard&journalCode=teta20 |access-date=13 July 2023 |website=tandfonline.com}}</ref>, and the Journal of AI and Ethics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AI and Ethics Editors |url=https://www.springer.com/journal/43681/editors |access-date=13 July 2023 |website=springer.com}}</ref> He is also an associate editor of [[Frontiers Media|Frontiers]] Robotics and AI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Frontiers Learning and Evolution Editors |url=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/sections/robot-learning-and-evolution/editors |access-date=13 July 2023 |website=frontiersin.org}}</ref>


==Public Engagement==
==Public Engagement==


From 2006 to 2009, with [[Noel Sharkey]], [[Owen Holland (academic)|Owen Holland]] and Frank Burnet,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Burnet|url = https://uk.linkedin.com/in/frank-burnet-2644391a|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref> Winfield led public engagement project Walking with Robots.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EPSRC Grants on the web|url = https://gow.epsrc.ukri.org/NGBOViewGrant.aspx?GrantRef=EP/D05656X/1|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref> The project was designed to encourage children into science and technology careers, and to involve the public in discussions about robotics research issues.<ref>{{Cite magazine |author= Christine Evans-Pughe|title=Masters of their fate?|magazine = Engineering and Technology|date = 4 April 2007 |url = https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4211394|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref> In 2010 Walking with Robots was awarded the [[Royal Academy of Engineering]] Rooke Medal for public promotion of engineering.<ref>{{Cite web |title=RAEng Rooke Medal previous winners|url = https://raeng.org.uk/programmes-and-prizes/prizes/rooke-award/previous-winners|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref>
From 2006 to 2009, with [[Noel Sharkey]], [[Owen Holland (academic)|Owen Holland]] and Frank Burnet,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Frank Burnet |url=https://uk.linkedin.com/in/frank-burnet-2644391a |access-date=31 May 2023 |website=linkedin.com}}</ref> Winfield led public engagement project Walking with Robots.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EPSRC Grants on the web |url=https://gow.epsrc.ukri.org/NGBOViewGrant.aspx?GrantRef=EP/D05656X/1 |access-date=31 May 2023 |website=epsrc.ukri.org}}</ref> The project was designed to encourage children into science and technology careers, and to involve the public in discussions about robotics research issues.<ref>{{Cite magazine |author= Christine Evans-Pughe|title=Masters of their fate?|magazine = Engineering and Technology|date = 4 April 2007 |url = https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4211394|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref> In 2010 Walking with Robots was awarded the [[Royal Academy of Engineering]] Rooke Medal for public promotion of engineering.<ref>{{Cite web |title=RAEng Rooke Medal previous winners |url=https://raeng.org.uk/programmes-and-prizes/prizes/rooke-award/previous-winners |access-date=31 May 2023 |website=raeng.org.uk}}</ref>


In 2009 Winfield won an [[EPSRC]] Senior Media Fellowship to support and develop his engagement with the press and media.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EPSRC Grants on the Web|url = https://gow.epsrc.ukri.org/NGBOViewGrant.aspx?GrantRef=EP/G063052/1|access-date = 3 June 2023}}</ref> During the fellowship Winfield wrote popular science book ''Robotics: [[Very Short Introductions|A Very Short Introduction]]'', [[Oxford University Press]], 2012.<ref>{{Cite book |author = Alan Winfield|title=Robotics: A Very Short Introduction|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=27 September 2012|url = https://academic.oup.com/book/999| access-date = 3 June 2023}}</ref>
In 2009 Winfield won an [[EPSRC]] Senior Media Fellowship to support and develop his engagement with the press and media.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EPSRC Grants on the Web |url=https://gow.epsrc.ukri.org/NGBOViewGrant.aspx?GrantRef=EP/G063052/1 |access-date=3 June 2023 |website=epsrc.ukri.org}}</ref> During the fellowship Winfield wrote popular science book ''Robotics: [[Very Short Introductions|A Very Short Introduction]]'', [[Oxford University Press]], 2012.<ref>{{Cite book |author = Alan Winfield|title=Robotics: A Very Short Introduction|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=27 September 2012|url = https://academic.oup.com/book/999| access-date = 3 June 2023}}</ref>


Winfield has given public lectures and panel debates including: [[British Academy]] debate 'Does AI pose a threat to society?' with [[Maja Pantic]], [[Samantha Payne]] and [[Christian List]] chaired by [[Claire Craig]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Does AI pose a threat to society?|website=The British Academy |date=1 March 2017|url = https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/events/does-ai-pose-threat-society/|access-date = 19 July 2023}}</ref><ref name=Prospect2017></ref> lectures and Q&A with [[Raja Chatila]] at the [[Royal Institution]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Robot Ethics in the 21st Century|website=[[YouTube]] |date=22 June 2017|url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z3VHbLeq0BU&t=1200s|access-date = 18 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Q&A Robot Ethics in the 21st Century|website=[[YouTube]] |date=22 June 2017|url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OFo3Iz3ABwg|access-date = 18 June 2023}}</ref> talks and Q&A with [[Ron Arkin]] at 'Smarter Together': Why AI Needs Human-Choice? in [[Seoul]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Robot Ethics: from principles to policy|date =14 August 2018|url = https://saic.sisain.co.kr/2018/eng.html|access-date = 18 July 2023}}</ref> the [[Campaign for Science and Engineering|CaSE]] Annual Lecture with [[Jim Al-Khalili]] and [[Wendy Hall]], [[Institute of Physics]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=CaSE Annual Lecture 2018: 'Making Artificial Intelligence A Reality'|date=20 December 2018|url = https://www.sciencecampaign.org.uk/analysis-and-publications/detail/case-annual-lecture-2018-ai/|access-date = 18 June 2023}}</ref> and the keynote lecture for the 15th Appleton Space Conference at the [[Rutherford Appleton Laboratory]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=15th Appleton Space Conference |date=5 December 2019|url = https://www.ralspace.stfc.ac.uk/Pages/15th-Appleton-Space-Conference.aspx/|access-date = 18 June 2023}}</ref>
Winfield has given public lectures and panel debates including: [[British Academy]] debate 'Does AI pose a threat to society?' with [[Maja Pantic]], [[Samantha Payne]] and [[Christian List]] chaired by [[Claire Craig]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 March 2017 |title=Does AI pose a threat to society? |url=https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/events/does-ai-pose-threat-society/ |access-date=19 July 2023 |website=thebritishacademy.ac.uk}}</ref><ref name=Prospect2017></ref> lectures and Q&A with [[Raja Chatila]] at the [[Royal Institution]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Robot Ethics in the 21st Century|website=[[YouTube]] |date=22 June 2017|url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z3VHbLeq0BU&t=1200s|access-date = 18 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Q&A Robot Ethics in the 21st Century|website=[[YouTube]] |date=22 June 2017|url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OFo3Iz3ABwg|access-date = 18 June 2023}}</ref> talks and Q&A with [[Ron Arkin]] at 'Smarter Together': Why AI Needs Human-Choice? in [[Seoul]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2018 |title=Robot Ethics: from principles to policy |url=https://saic.sisain.co.kr/2018/eng.html |access-date=18 July 2023 |website=sisain.co.kr}}</ref> the [[Campaign for Science and Engineering|CaSE]] Annual Lecture with [[Jim Al-Khalili]] and [[Wendy Hall]], [[Institute of Physics]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2018 |title=CaSE Annual Lecture 2018: 'Making Artificial Intelligence A Reality' |url=https://www.sciencecampaign.org.uk/analysis-and-publications/detail/case-annual-lecture-2018-ai/ |access-date=18 June 2023 |website=sciencecampaign.org.uk}}</ref> and the keynote lecture for the 15th Appleton Space Conference at the [[Rutherford Appleton Laboratory]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2019 |title=15th Appleton Space Conference |url=https://www.ralspace.stfc.ac.uk/Pages/15th-Appleton-Space-Conference.aspx/ |access-date=18 June 2023 |website=ralspace.stfc.ac.uk}}</ref>


In February 2017 Winfield was a guest of [[Jim Al-Khalili]] on BBC Radio 4's [[The Life Scientific]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Life Scientific|date=21 February 2017|url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08ffv2l|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref> and in October 2017 he was interviewed by [[Stephen Sackur]] for BBC TV [[HARDtalk]].<ref name=hardtalk2017>{{Cite news |title = Winfield HARDtalk clip 'We need to worry about artificial stupidity'| work=BBC News| date=31 October 2017|url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/technology-41815759|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=HARDtalk full interview Alan Winfield|date=31 October 2017|publisher=BBC|url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z5cW76iRDpo| access-date = 3 June 2023}}</ref>
In February 2017 Winfield was a guest of [[Jim Al-Khalili]] on BBC Radio 4's [[The Life Scientific]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2017 |title=The Life Scientific |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08ffv2l |access-date=31 May 2023 |website=bbc.co.uk}}</ref> and in October 2017 he was interviewed by [[Stephen Sackur]] for BBC TV [[HARDtalk]].<ref name=hardtalk2017>{{Cite news |title = Winfield HARDtalk clip 'We need to worry about artificial stupidity'| work=BBC News| date=31 October 2017|url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/technology-41815759|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=31 October 2017 |title=HARDtalk full interview Alan Winfield |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z5cW76iRDpo |access-date=3 June 2023 |website=youtube.com |publisher=}}</ref>


==Robot and AI Ethics==
==Robot and AI Ethics==


In 2010 Winfield was a part of a cross-disciplinary group that drafted the [[EPSRC]]/[[Arts and Humanities Research Council|AHRC]] Principles of Robotics.<ref>{{Cite web |title = Principles of robotics| url = https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20120117150117/http://www.epsrc.ac.uk/ourportfolio/themes/engineering/activities/Pages/principlesofrobotics.aspx|access-date = 9 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |title = Five roboethical principles – for humans|author = Alan Winfield|magazine = New Scientist|date = 4 May 2011|url = https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21028111-100-five-roboethical-principles-for-humans/| archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20160413110937/https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21028111-100-five-roboethical-principles-for-humans/ |access-date = 9 June 2023| archive-date=13 April 2016 }}</ref> Inspired by Asimov's [[Laws of robotics]], the principles take the position that "robots are simply tools, for which humans must take responsibility".<ref>{{Cite web |title = Beyond Asimov: how to plan for ethical robots|author = Benjamin Kuipers|publisher = The Conversation|date = 2 June 2016| url = https://theconversation.com/beyond-asimov-how-to-plan-for-ethical-robots-59725|access-date = 9 June 2023}}</ref> In 2012 Winfield joined the [[British Standards Institute]] working group on robot ethics<ref>{{Cite web |title = AMT/10/1 - Ethics for Robots and Autonomous Systems|publisher = BSI| url = https://standardsdevelopment.bsigroup.com/committees/50285034|access-date = 11 July 2023}}</ref> which drafted BS 8611:2016 ''Robots and robotic devices: Guide to the ethical design and application of robots and robotic systems''.<ref name=Guard2016>{{Cite news |author=Hannah Devlin|date=18 September 2016|title=Do no harm, don't discriminate: official guidance issued on robot ethics|newspaper=The Guardian|url = https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/sep/18/official-guidance-robot-ethics-british-standards-institute|access-date = 11 July 2023}}</ref>
In 2010 Winfield was a part of a cross-disciplinary group that drafted the [[EPSRC]]/[[Arts and Humanities Research Council|AHRC]] Principles of Robotics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Principles of robotics |url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20120117150117/http://www.epsrc.ac.uk/ourportfolio/themes/engineering/activities/Pages/principlesofrobotics.aspx |access-date=9 June 2023 |website=nationalarchives.gov.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |title = Five roboethical principles – for humans|author = Alan Winfield|magazine = New Scientist|date = 4 May 2011|url = https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21028111-100-five-roboethical-principles-for-humans/| archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20160413110937/https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21028111-100-five-roboethical-principles-for-humans/ |access-date = 9 June 2023| archive-date=13 April 2016 }}</ref> Inspired by Asimov's [[Laws of robotics]], the principles take the position that "robots are simply tools, for which humans must take responsibility".<ref>{{Cite web |title = Beyond Asimov: how to plan for ethical robots|author = Benjamin Kuipers|publisher = The Conversation|date = 2 June 2016| url = https://theconversation.com/beyond-asimov-how-to-plan-for-ethical-robots-59725|access-date = 9 June 2023}}</ref> In 2012 Winfield joined the [[British Standards Institute]] working group on robot ethics<ref>{{Cite web |title=AMT/10/1 - Ethics for Robots and Autonomous Systems |url=https://standardsdevelopment.bsigroup.com/committees/50285034 |access-date=11 July 2023 |website=bsigroup.com |publisher=BSI}}</ref> which drafted BS 8611:2016 ''Robots and robotic devices: Guide to the ethical design and application of robots and robotic systems''.<ref name=Guard2016>{{Cite news |author=Hannah Devlin|date=18 September 2016|title=Do no harm, don't discriminate: official guidance issued on robot ethics|newspaper=The Guardian|url = https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/sep/18/official-guidance-robot-ethics-british-standards-institute|access-date = 11 July 2023}}</ref>


From 2015 to 2018 Winfield was a member of the Ethics Advisory Board of the EU [[Human Brain Project]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Ethics Advisory Board (EAB) |url=https://www.humanbrainproject.eu/en/open-ethical-engaged/ethics/ethics-advisory-board/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20190202042648/https://www.humanbrainproject.eu/en/open-ethical-engaged/ethics/ethics-advisory-board/ |archive-date=2 February 2019 |access-date=19 July 2023}}</ref> Between 2016 and 2018 he served as a member of the [[World Economic Forum]] Global Futures Council on Technology Values and Policy.<ref>{{Cite web |title = Network of Global Future Councils 2016-2018| url = https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_2016_2018_Network_of_Global_Future_Councils_Final_Report.pdf|access-date = 5 June 2023}}</ref> Winfield has given evidence to both Commons and Lords select committee inquiries on Artificial Intelligence in the [[UK parliament]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 2016 |title=Written evidence submitted by Professor Alan Winfield (ROB0070) |url=http://data.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/committeeevidence.svc/evidencedocument/science-and-technology-committee/robotics-and-artificial-intelligence/written/33812.pdf |access-date=5 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Lords Select Committee on Artificial Intelligence: oral evidence|url = https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/7046/html/|date=October 2017|access-date = 5 June 2023}}</ref> He served as an expert advisor to the [[NHS]] [[Health Education England]] [[Eric Topol|Topol]] Review ''Preparing the healthcare workforce to deliver the digital future''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Preparing the healthcare workforce to deliver the digital future|url = https://topol.hee.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/HEE-Topol-Review-2019.pdf|date=February 2019|access-date = 5 June 2023}}</ref>
From 2015 to 2018 Winfield was a member of the Ethics Advisory Board of the EU [[Human Brain Project]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Ethics Advisory Board (EAB) |url=https://www.humanbrainproject.eu/en/open-ethical-engaged/ethics/ethics-advisory-board/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20190202042648/https://www.humanbrainproject.eu/en/open-ethical-engaged/ethics/ethics-advisory-board/ |archive-date=2 February 2019 |access-date=19 July 2023 |website=humanbrainproject.eu}}</ref> Between 2016 and 2018 he served as a member of the [[World Economic Forum]] Global Futures Council on Technology Values and Policy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Network of Global Future Councils 2016-2018 |url=https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_2016_2018_Network_of_Global_Future_Councils_Final_Report.pdf |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=weforum.org}}</ref> Winfield has given evidence to both Commons and Lords select committee inquiries on Artificial Intelligence in the [[UK parliament]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 2016 |title=Written evidence submitted by Professor Alan Winfield (ROB0070) |url=http://data.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/committeeevidence.svc/evidencedocument/science-and-technology-committee/robotics-and-artificial-intelligence/written/33812.pdf |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=parliament.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2017 |title=Lords Select Committee on Artificial Intelligence: oral evidence |url=https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/7046/html/ |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=parliament.uk}}</ref> He served as an expert advisor to the [[NHS]] [[Health Education England]] [[Eric Topol|Topol]] Review ''Preparing the healthcare workforce to deliver the digital future''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 2019 |title=Preparing the healthcare workforce to deliver the digital future |url=https://topol.hee.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/HEE-Topol-Review-2019.pdf |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=hee.nhs.uk}}</ref>


In 2016 Winfield joined the [[IEEE]] Global Initiative on ethics of Intelligence and Autonomous Systems. As chair of the General Principles group<ref>{{Cite web |title=IEEE EAD First Edition Committees List|url = https://standards.ieee.org/wp-content/uploads/import/documents/other/ec_bios.pdf|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref> he helped to draft ''Ethically Aligned Design''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethically Aligned Design|url = https://standards.ieee.org/wp-content/uploads/import/documents/other/ead_v2.pdf|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref> He is a member of the initiative's executive committee<ref>{{Cite web |title=The IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems|url = https://standards.ieee.org/wp-content/uploads/import/governance/iccom/IC16-002-Global_Initiative_for_Ethical_Considerations_in_the_Design_of_Autonomous_Systems.pdf|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref>, and chaired the working group that drafted [[IEEE Standard]] 7001-2021 on ''Transparency of Autonomous Systems''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IEEE Standard 7001-2021 Transparency of Autonomous Systems|url = https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/7001/6929/|date=4 March 2022|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref> Winfield received an IEEE Special Recognition Award in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2021 IEEE SA Awards - IEEE SA Managing Director's Special Recognition Award Given to Alan Winfield| website=[[YouTube]] |url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ITU_-o2lY8E|access-date = 13 July 2023}}</ref>
In 2016 Winfield joined the [[IEEE]] Global Initiative on ethics of Intelligence and Autonomous Systems. As chair of the General Principles group<ref>{{Cite web |title=IEEE EAD First Edition Committees List |url=https://standards.ieee.org/wp-content/uploads/import/documents/other/ec_bios.pdf |access-date=31 May 2023 |website=standards.ieee.org}}</ref> he helped to draft ''Ethically Aligned Design''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethically Aligned Design|url = https://standards.ieee.org/wp-content/uploads/import/documents/other/ead_v2.pdf|access-date = 31 May 2023}}</ref> He is a member of the initiative's executive committee<ref>{{Cite web |title=The IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems |url=https://standards.ieee.org/wp-content/uploads/import/governance/iccom/IC16-002-Global_Initiative_for_Ethical_Considerations_in_the_Design_of_Autonomous_Systems.pdf |access-date=31 May 2023 |website=standards.ieee.org}}</ref>, and chaired the working group that drafted [[IEEE Standard]] 7001-2021 on ''Transparency of Autonomous Systems''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 March 2022 |title=IEEE Standard 7001-2021 Transparency of Autonomous Systems |url=https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/7001/6929/ |access-date=31 May 2023 |website=standards.ieee.org}}</ref> Winfield received an IEEE Special Recognition Award in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2021 IEEE SA Awards - IEEE SA Managing Director's Special Recognition Award Given to Alan Winfield| website=[[YouTube]] |url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ITU_-o2lY8E|access-date = 13 July 2023}}</ref>


===Selected Publications===
===Selected Publications===

Revision as of 20:14, 19 July 2023

Alan Winfield
Winfield speaking at the World Economic Forum in 2016
Born1956
Burton upon Trent, UK
Alma materUniversity of Hull (BSc, DiplEE, PhD Electronic Engineering)
Scientific career
FieldsCognitive robotics
Robot ethics
AI ethics
Thesis 'Maximum-Likelihood Sequential Decoding of Convolutional Error-Correcting Codes'  (1984)
Doctoral advisorDr Rodney Goodman
Websitehttps://people.uwe.ac.uk/Person/AlanWinfield

Alan Winfield CEng (born 1956) is a British engineer and educator.[1] He is Professor of Robot Ethics at UWE Bristol,[2] Honorary Professor at the University of York,[3] and Associate Fellow in the Cambridge Centre for the Future of Intelligence.[4]

Winfield is known for research in swarm robotics,[5][6][7][8] robots modelling cultural evolution,[9][10][11] and self-modelling (including ethical) robots.[12][13][14][15][11] He is also known for advocacy and standards development in robot and AI ethics.[16][17][18][19]

His work has been reported by the BBC,[10][20] New Scientist,[12] The Guardian,[21] The Telegraph,[22] Nature,[14] and Scientific American.[15]

Early life and education

Winfield was born in Burton upon Trent where he attended Burton Grammar School[23]. He studied electronic engineering for both BSc and PhD, majoring in telecommunications, at the University of Hull from 1974 to 1984. Following his first degree he won an SERC scholarship for doctoral study in the field of information theory and error-correcting codes under the supervision of Rodney Goodman.[24]

Career

Winfield's first faculty appointment was as lecturer in the department of electronic engineering at the University of Hull, from 1981 to 1984. During this period he wrote a guide to the programming language Forth, The Complete Forth, Wiley, 1983.[25] Winfield also invented an architecture for executing native Forth at machine level.[26]

In 1984 Winfield resigned his lectureship and founded, with Rod Goodman, Metaforth Computer Systems Ltd, with the aim of commercializing the Forth machine.[27][28]

In 1992 Winfield was appointed Hewlett-Packard Professor of Electronic Engineering and Associate Dean (Research) at UWE, Bristol,[29] where he co-founded the Bristol Robotics Laboratory. From 2009 to 2016 he was director of UWE's Science Communication Unit.[30]

Winfield is a member of the editorial boards of the Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence[31], and the Journal of AI and Ethics.[32] He is also an associate editor of Frontiers Robotics and AI.[33]

Public Engagement

From 2006 to 2009, with Noel Sharkey, Owen Holland and Frank Burnet,[34] Winfield led public engagement project Walking with Robots.[35] The project was designed to encourage children into science and technology careers, and to involve the public in discussions about robotics research issues.[36] In 2010 Walking with Robots was awarded the Royal Academy of Engineering Rooke Medal for public promotion of engineering.[37]

In 2009 Winfield won an EPSRC Senior Media Fellowship to support and develop his engagement with the press and media.[38] During the fellowship Winfield wrote popular science book Robotics: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, 2012.[39]

Winfield has given public lectures and panel debates including: British Academy debate 'Does AI pose a threat to society?' with Maja Pantic, Samantha Payne and Christian List chaired by Claire Craig,[40][18] lectures and Q&A with Raja Chatila at the Royal Institution,[41][42] talks and Q&A with Ron Arkin at 'Smarter Together': Why AI Needs Human-Choice? in Seoul,[43] the CaSE Annual Lecture with Jim Al-Khalili and Wendy Hall, Institute of Physics,[44] and the keynote lecture for the 15th Appleton Space Conference at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory.[45]

In February 2017 Winfield was a guest of Jim Al-Khalili on BBC Radio 4's The Life Scientific,[46] and in October 2017 he was interviewed by Stephen Sackur for BBC TV HARDtalk.[20][47]

Robot and AI Ethics

In 2010 Winfield was a part of a cross-disciplinary group that drafted the EPSRC/AHRC Principles of Robotics.[48][49] Inspired by Asimov's Laws of robotics, the principles take the position that "robots are simply tools, for which humans must take responsibility".[50] In 2012 Winfield joined the British Standards Institute working group on robot ethics[51] which drafted BS 8611:2016 Robots and robotic devices: Guide to the ethical design and application of robots and robotic systems.[17]

From 2015 to 2018 Winfield was a member of the Ethics Advisory Board of the EU Human Brain Project.[52] Between 2016 and 2018 he served as a member of the World Economic Forum Global Futures Council on Technology Values and Policy.[53] Winfield has given evidence to both Commons and Lords select committee inquiries on Artificial Intelligence in the UK parliament.[54][55] He served as an expert advisor to the NHS Health Education England Topol Review Preparing the healthcare workforce to deliver the digital future.[56]

In 2016 Winfield joined the IEEE Global Initiative on ethics of Intelligence and Autonomous Systems. As chair of the General Principles group[57] he helped to draft Ethically Aligned Design.[58] He is a member of the initiative's executive committee[59], and chaired the working group that drafted IEEE Standard 7001-2021 on Transparency of Autonomous Systems.[60] Winfield received an IEEE Special Recognition Award in 2021.[61]

Selected Publications

  • Winfield AFT and Blackmore S. (2021) Experiments in artificial culture: from noisy imitation to storytelling robots. Phil. Trans. Royal. Soc. B 377: 20200323.
  • Winfield AF, Michael K, Pitt J and Evers V (2019) Machine Ethics: The Design and Governance of Ethical AI and Autonomous Systems, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 107, no. 3, pp. 509-517.
  • Winfield A. (2019) Ethical standards in robotics and AI. Nature Electronics 2, 46-48.
  • Winfield AFT and Jirotka M (2018), Ethical Governance is essential to building Trust in Robotic Systems, Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. A, 376: 20180085.
  • Vanderelst D and Winfield AF. (2018) An architecture for ethical robots inspired by the simulation theory of cognition. Cognitive Systems Research, 48. pp. 56-66.
  • Erbas MD, Bull L and Winfield AFT (2015), On the Evolution of Behaviours through Embodied Imitation, Artificial Life, 21 (2), 141-165, MIT Press.
  • Krause J, Winfield AFT, and Deneubourg J-L (2011), Interactive robots in experimental biology, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 26 (7).
  • Liu W and Winfield AFT (2010). A Macroscopic Probabilistic Model for Collective Foraging with Adaptation, International Journal of Robotics Research, 29 (14), 1743-1760.
  • Winfield AFT, Liu W, Nembrini J and Martinoli A (2008), Modelling a Wireless Connected Swarm of Mobile Robots, Swarm Intelligence, 2 (2-4), 241-266.

References

  1. ^ "Alan Winfield interviewed by Peter Asaro for the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Robotics History project". ieee-ras.org. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  2. ^ "Professor Alan Winfield". uwe.ac.uk. Retrieved 9 May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ "School of Physics, Engineering and Technology". york.ac.uk. Retrieved 24 May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ "Alan Winfield Associate Fellow". lcfi.ac.uk. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  5. ^ "Robots with a mind of their own". ITV News. 13 March 2008. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  6. ^ "Material World". BBC Radio 4. 8 May 2008. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  7. ^ "Hive hopes". The Engineer. 16 June 2008. Retrieved 8 July 2023. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
  8. ^ "In Interview: Alan Winfield". sciencemuseum.org.uk. Science Museum. 30 November 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  9. ^ "Will Big Brother be cultural watershed for robots?". Times Higher Education. 27 April 2007. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  10. ^ a b Mark Ward (8 June 2012). "Dancing robots reveal cultural cues". BBC News. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  11. ^ a b Brian Gallagher (23 March 2022). "Robots Show Us Who We Are". Nautilus. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  12. ^ a b Aviva Rutkin (10 September 2014). "Ethical trap: robot paralysed by choice of who to save". New Scientist. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
  13. ^ Soline Roy (14 November 2014). "Un robot face à un dilemme". Le Figaro (in French). Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  14. ^ a b Boer Deng (1 July 2015). "Machine ethics: The robot's dilemma". Nature. 523 (7558): 24–26. Bibcode:2015Natur.523...24D. doi:10.1038/523024a. PMID 26135432. S2CID 4459500. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  15. ^ a b Chris Baraniuk (17 August 2018). "How to Make a Robot Use Theory of Mind". Scientific American. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  16. ^ Tessel Renzenbrink (22 January 2016). "Ethical Robots and Robot Ethics". Elektor. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  17. ^ a b Hannah Devlin (18 September 2016). "Do no harm, don't discriminate: official guidance issued on robot ethics". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 July 2023.
  18. ^ a b Sameer Rahim (20 March 2017). "Does AI pose a threat to society?". Prospect Magazine. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  19. ^ Katie Strick (31 May 2023). "Is the AI apocalypse actually coming? What life could look like if robots take over". London Evening Standard. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  20. ^ a b "Winfield HARDtalk clip 'We need to worry about artificial stupidity'". BBC News. 31 October 2017. Retrieved 31 May 2023.
  21. ^ Ian Sample (19 July 2017). "Give robots an 'ethical black box' to track and explain decisions, say scientists". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  22. ^ Ellie Zolfagharifard (14 March 2021). "The British engineers creating robots that 'breed'". The Telegraph. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  23. ^ "Burton Grammar School Old Boys' Association". burtongrammar.co.uk. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  24. ^ "Rodney M. Goodman Curriculum Vitae" (PDF). rod.goodman.name. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  25. ^ Alan Winfield (1983). The Complete Forth. Wiley. ISBN 9780471882350. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  26. ^ "United States Patent no 4,974,157, Data Processing System" (PDF). Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  27. ^ "APD Communications Ltd". company-information.service.gov.uk. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  28. ^ Dick Pountain (March 1985). "Byte UK: Multitasking Forth". Byte. McGraw-Hill. pp. 363–371. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
  29. ^ "Alan FT Winfield". 19 January 2004. Archived from the original on 12 April 2005. Retrieved 19 July 2023.
  30. ^ "Science Communication Unit members". uwe.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
  31. ^ "JETAI Editorial Board". tandfonline.com. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
  32. ^ "AI and Ethics Editors". springer.com. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
  33. ^ "Frontiers Learning and Evolution Editors". frontiersin.org. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
  34. ^ "Frank Burnet". linkedin.com. Retrieved 31 May 2023.
  35. ^ "EPSRC Grants on the web". epsrc.ukri.org. Retrieved 31 May 2023.
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