Alexander MacGregor Stephen: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Revision as of 23:07, 26 October 2023

Alexander MacGregor Stephen was a Scottish miner who emigrated from Scotland to the United States^[1]. During his life in the United States, he spent time with the Hopi of First Mesa observing their daily lives^[1].

Biographical:

Alexander MacGregor Stephen was born in Scotland around 1850 and Immigrated to America sometime before October 1861^[2]. He attended the University of Edinburgh where we became trained in Metallurgy^[1]. Stephen died in April 1894^[2]. During the American Civil War, Stephen joined the New York Militia from 1861- 1866^[1].

After the war, Stephen spent time observing and recording the lives of the Hopi Indians that lived in the First Mesa in what is now Arizona^[3]. during the period of 1880- 1894 he either lived with the Hopi or if he lived with friend and local trading post owner, Thomas V Keam^[4]. After his death in 1894, a monument was created and placed in Keam's Canyon as a way to honor him^[4].

Life with the Hopi:

Stephen's first recording of the Hopi was in 1882^[2]. During his time there, he observed all aspects of Hopi life including language, culture, Family Life, folklore/legends, and ceremonies^[2]. Learning the Navajo language, Stephen held a seemingly positive relationship with the Hopi^[2]. Stephen was in good enough terms with them to have been inducted into three of their different societies. First, the Flute of the First Mesa, second, the Lalakon of the First Mesa, and third, the Snake of Shipau'lovi^[2]. Through his initiations into the Lalakon and Snake of the Shipau'lovi, he was given the names Ripe Corn and Sunrise^[2]. Through his ethnographic studies, Stephen prioritized the use of Native terms and used what he considered unbiased language^[4].

Works by Alexander MacGregor Stephen:

Hopi Journal of Alexander M Stephen (2 volumes; New York: Columbia University Press, 1936)^[5]

The Navajo Shoemaker (published in the "Proceedings of the United States National Museum", Vol 11, 1889)^[5]

Pottery of Tusayan (Catalogue of the Keam Collection,unpublished manuscript dated December 29, 1890. Used for "Hopi Pottery Symbols" by Alex Patterson, 1994)^[5]

Hopi Indians of Arizona (Los Angeles, Ca, Southwest Museum, 1940)^[5]

Notes about the Navajos (Published in "Canadian Indian", vol 1 1890)^[5]

Notes on Marriage among the Navajos, Navajo Dress, and Navajo Dwellings (published in Our forest children, v. 3 (1890))^[5]

Legend of the Snake Order of the Moquis: As Told by Outsiders (published in Journal of American Folklore, 1888)^[5]

References:

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Alexander M. Stephen collection,". www.azarchivesonline.org. Retrieved 2023-10-26.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Stephen, Alexander MacGregor (1969). Hopi journal of Alexander M. Stephen. Internet Archive. New York, AMS Press.
^ Maxson, Rachel (2010). ""A Kachina by Any Other Name: Linguistically Contextualizing Native American Collections". Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 409. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |title= at position 77 (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c Bushnell, Olive. "Alexander M. Stephen collection" (PDF). Musnaz.org.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g umaryland.on.worldcat.org https://umaryland.on.worldcat.org/search?queryString=au=%22Stephen,%20Alexander%20MacGregor%22%20AND%20au=%221894%22&clusterResults=true&groupVariantRecords=false. Retrieved 2023-10-26. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

[:0-1] "Alexander M. Stephen collection,". www.azarchivesonline.org. Retrieved 2023-10-26.

[:1-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Stephen, Alexander MacGregor (1969). Hopi journal of Alexander M. Stephen. Internet Archive. New York, AMS Press.

[3] Maxson, Rachel (2010). ""A Kachina by Any Other Name: Linguistically Contextualizing Native American Collections". Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 409. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |title= at position 77 (help)

[:2-4] Bushnell, Olive. "Alexander M. Stephen collection" (PDF). Musnaz.org.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[:3-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g umaryland.on.worldcat.org https://umaryland.on.worldcat.org/search?queryString=au=%22Stephen,%20Alexander%20MacGregor%22%20AND%20au=%221894%22&clusterResults=true&groupVariantRecords=false. Retrieved 2023-10-26. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Alexander MacGregor Stephen was a Scottish miner who emigrated from Scotland to the United States<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Alexander M. Stephen collection, |url=http://www.azarchivesonline.org/xtf/view?docId=ead/mna/MNA_MS369_Stephen.xml&doc.view=print;chunk.id=0 |access-date=2023-10-26 |website=www.azarchivesonline.org}}</ref>. During his life in the United States, he spent time with the Hopi of First Mesa observing their daily lives<ref name=":0" />.
+Alexander MacGregor Stephen was a Scottish [[miner]] who emigrated from [[Scotland]] to the [[United States]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Alexander M. Stephen collection, |url=http://www.azarchivesonline.org/xtf/view?docId=ead/mna/MNA_MS369_Stephen.xml&doc.view=print;chunk.id=0 |access-date=2023-10-26 |website=www.azarchivesonline.org}}</ref>. During his life in the [[United States]], he spent time with the [[Hopi]] of [[First Mesa, Arizona|First Mesa]] observing their daily lives<ref name=":0" />.
 '''Biographical:'''
-Alexander MacGregor Stephen was born in Scotland around 1850 and Immigrated to America sometime before October 1861<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Stephen |first=Alexander MacGregor |url=http://archive.org/details/hopijournalofale0023step |title=Hopi journal of Alexander M. Stephen |date=1969 |publisher=New York, AMS Press |others=Internet Archive}}</ref>. He attended the University of Edinburgh where we became trained in Metallurgy<ref name=":0" />. Stephen died in April 1894<ref name=":1" />. During the American Civil War, Stephen joined the New York Militia from 1861- 1866<ref name=":0" />.
+Alexander MacGregor Stephen was born in [[Scotland]] around 1850 and [[Immigrated]] to [[United States|America]] sometime before October 1861<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Stephen |first=Alexander MacGregor |url=http://archive.org/details/hopijournalofale0023step |title=Hopi journal of Alexander M. Stephen |date=1969 |publisher=New York, AMS Press |others=Internet Archive}}</ref>. He attended the [[University of Edinburgh]] where we became trained in [[Metallurgy]]<ref name=":0" />. Stephen died in April 1894<ref name=":1" />. During the [[American Civil War]], Stephen joined the New York Militia from 1861- 1866<ref name=":0" />.
-After the war, Stephen spent time observing and recording the lives of the Hopi Indians that lived in the First Mesa in what is now Arizona<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Maxson |first=Rachel |date=2010 |title="A Kachina by Any Other Name: Linguistically Contextualizing Native American
+After the war, Stephen spent time observing and recording the lives of the [[Hopi]] Indians that lived in the [[First Mesa, Arizona|First Mesa]] in what is now [[Arizona]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Maxson |first=Rachel |date=2010 |title="A Kachina by Any Other Name: Linguistically Contextualizing Native American
-Collections |url=https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/409?utm_source=digitalcommons.du.edu%2Fetd%2F409&utm_medium=PDF&utm_campaign=PDFCoverPages |journal=Electronic Theses and Dissertations |volume=409}}</ref>.  during the period of 1880- 1894 he either lived with the Hopi or if he lived with friend and local trading post owner, Thomas Keam<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bushnell |first=Olive |title=Alexander M. Stephen collection |url=http://musnaz.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/MS-369_Stephen.pdf |url-status=live |website=Musnaz.org}}</ref>. After his death in 1894, a monument was created and placed in Keam's Canyon as a way to honor him<ref name=":2" />.
+Collections |url=https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/409?utm_source=digitalcommons.du.edu%2Fetd%2F409&utm_medium=PDF&utm_campaign=PDFCoverPages |journal=Electronic Theses and Dissertations |volume=409}}</ref>.  during the period of 1880- 1894 he either lived with the [[Hopi]] or if he lived with friend and local trading post owner, Thomas V Keam<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bushnell |first=Olive |title=Alexander M. Stephen collection |url=http://musnaz.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/MS-369_Stephen.pdf |url-status=live |website=Musnaz.org}}</ref>. After his death in 1894, a monument was created and placed in [[Keams Canyon, Arizona|Keam's Canyon]] as a way to honor him<ref name=":2" />.
 '''Life with the Hopi:'''
-Stephen's first recording of the Hopi was in 1882<ref name=":1" />. During his time there, he observed all aspects of Hopi life including language, culture, Family Life, folklore/legends, and ceremonies<ref name=":1" />. Learning the Navajo language, Stephen held a seemingly positive relationship with the Hopi<ref name=":1" />. Stephen was in good enough terms with them to have been inducted into three of their different societies. First, the Flute of the First Mesa, second, the Lalakon of the First Mesa, and third, the Snake of Shipau'lovi<ref name=":1" />. Through his initiations into the Lalakon and Snake of the Shipau'lovi, he was given the names Ripe Corn and Sunrise<ref name=":1" />. Through his ethnographic studies, Stephen prioritized the use of Native terms and used what he considered unbiased<ref name=":2" />.
+Stephen's first recording of the [[Hopi]] was in 1882<ref name=":1" />. During his time there, he observed all aspects of Hopi life including language, culture, Family Life, folklore/legends, and ceremonies<ref name=":1" />. Learning the [[Navajo language]], Stephen held a seemingly positive relationship with the Hopi<ref name=":1" />. Stephen was in good enough terms with them to have been inducted into three of their different societies. First, the Flute of the First Mesa, second, the Lalakon of the First Mesa, and third, the Snake of Shipau'lovi<ref name=":1" />. Through his initiations into the Lalakon and Snake of the Shipau'lovi, he was given the names Ripe Corn and Sunrise<ref name=":1" />. Through his [[Ethnography|ethnographic]] studies, Stephen prioritized the use of Native terms and used what he considered unbiased language<ref name=":2" />.