Sephardic Jews in Romania: Difference between revisions
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=== Communities === |
=== Communities === |
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In 1730, following advice of Jews Daniel de Fonseca and Celebi Mentz Bali, the then-ruler of Wallachia, [[Nicolae Mavrocordat]], formally allowed Sephardic Jews to organize themselves into communities. Since then, according to historian [[Iuliu Barasch]], many Sephardim from the Ottoman Empire began settling in Romania. However, it was not until 1819 that the first synagogue was built in the capital, [[Grand Spanish Temple|Cahal Grande]], with reforms by Rabbis Eliezer Papu and Damascus Eliezer. |
In 1730, following advice of Jews Daniel de Fonseca and Celebi Mentz Bali, the then-ruler of Wallachia, [[Nicolae Mavrocordat]], formally allowed Sephardic Jews to organize themselves into communities. Since then, according to historian [[Iuliu Barasch]], many Sephardim from the Ottoman Empire began settling in Romania. However, it was not until 1819 that the first synagogue was built in the capital, [[Grand Spanish Temple|Cahal Grande]], with reforms by Rabbis Eliezer Papu and Damascus Eliezer. |
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Since the establishment of said communities, the Sephardic community in Romania thrived, despite antisemetic measures taken by government officials [[Ion C. Brătianu]] and [[Dimitrie A. Sturdza]]. In 1934, there were large Sephardic communities in Bucharest, [[Craiova]], [[Ploiești|Ploiesti]], [[Turnu Severin]], [[Timișoara|Timisoara]], [[Corabia]], [[Calafat]], [[Braila]], [[Galați County|Galati]], [[Tulcea]], [[Constanța|Constanta]] and [[Giurgiu]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sephardic Jewish Community of Romania |url=http://www.sephardicstudies.org/romania.html |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=www.sephardicstudies.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bucureștiul sefard. O istorie de peste 500 de ani în 100 de imagini prezentată la Madrid {{!}} Modernism |url=https://www.modernism.ro/2016/11/15/bucurestiul-sefard-o-istorie-de-peste-500-de-ani-in-100-de-imagini-prezentata-la-madrid/ |access-date=2023-12-19 |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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Since then, Romania's Sephardic community has thrived, despite anti-Semitic measures taken by the governments led by Ion C. Brătianu and Dimitrie A. Sturdza. In 1934, there were Sephardic communities in Bucharest (the largest), Craiova, Ploiesti, Turnu Severin, Timisoara, Corabia, Calafat, Braila, Galati, Tulcea, Constanta and Giurgiu. [ According to historian Iuliu Barasch, there was also a Sephardic community in Focsani, and according to historian Moses Gaster, there was another one in Alba Iulia. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 15:20, 19 December 2023
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| <1,000 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Bucharest | |
| Languages | |
| Ladino, Yiddish, Romanian | |
| Religion | |
| Judaism | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Sephardic Jews |
Sephardic Jews have played an important historical role in Romania, although their numbers in the country have dwindled to a few hundred, with most living in the capital, Bucharest.
History
Origins
Many Sephardic Jews began settling in Wallachia in the 16th century, although there is evidence they began settling in Romania as early as 1496 following the Spanish Inquisition.[1] They arrived through the Ottoman Empire, which was more welcoming towards Jewish immigration than other countries in Europe at the time.
Communities
In 1730, following advice of Jews Daniel de Fonseca and Celebi Mentz Bali, the then-ruler of Wallachia, Nicolae Mavrocordat, formally allowed Sephardic Jews to organize themselves into communities. Since then, according to historian Iuliu Barasch, many Sephardim from the Ottoman Empire began settling in Romania. However, it was not until 1819 that the first synagogue was built in the capital, Cahal Grande, with reforms by Rabbis Eliezer Papu and Damascus Eliezer.
Since the establishment of said communities, the Sephardic community in Romania thrived, despite antisemetic measures taken by government officials Ion C. Brătianu and Dimitrie A. Sturdza. In 1934, there were large Sephardic communities in Bucharest, Craiova, Ploiesti, Turnu Severin, Timisoara, Corabia, Calafat, Braila, Galati, Tulcea, Constanta and Giurgiu.[2][3]
Since then, Romania's Sephardic community has thrived, despite anti-Semitic measures taken by the governments led by Ion C. Brătianu and Dimitrie A. Sturdza. In 1934, there were Sephardic communities in Bucharest (the largest), Craiova, Ploiesti, Turnu Severin, Timisoara, Corabia, Calafat, Braila, Galati, Tulcea, Constanta and Giurgiu. [ According to historian Iuliu Barasch, there was also a Sephardic community in Focsani, and according to historian Moses Gaster, there was another one in Alba Iulia.
References
- ^ Toma, Cristina. "Bucuresti, panorama sefarda/Bucharest a sephardic outlook". Sephardic Studies – via Academia.edu.
- ^ "Sephardic Jewish Community of Romania". www.sephardicstudies.org. Retrieved 2023-12-19.
- ^ "Bucureștiul sefard. O istorie de peste 500 de ani în 100 de imagini prezentată la Madrid | Modernism". Retrieved 2023-12-19.