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{{Short description|Extinct genus of fishes}}
{{Short description|Extinct genus of fishes}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Automatic taxobox
{{Taxobox
| fossil_range = Late [[Cretaceous]]
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|95|92|[[Cenomanian]] to [[Turonian]]}}
| image = Ctenothrissiformes - Ctenothrissa vexillifer.JPG
| image = Ctenothrissiformes - Ctenothrissa vexillifer.JPG
| image_caption = Fossil of ''Ctenothrissa vexillifer (Pictet, 1850) '' from Lebanon
| image_caption = Fossil of ''Ctenothrissa vexillifer (Pictet, 1850) '' from Lebanon
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| taxon = Ctenothrissa
| authority = [[Arthur Smith Woodward|Woodward]], 1899
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| subdivision = See text
| subclassis = [[Neopterygii]]
| infraclassis = [[Teleostei]]
| ordo = [[Ctenothrissiformes]] <small>(disputed)</small>
| genus = '''''Ctenothrissa''''' <small>Woodward, 1899</small>
| genus_authority =
}}
}}


'''''Ctenothrissa''''' is a prehistoric [[genus]] of marine [[Actinopterygii|ray-finned fish]] in the [[order (biology)|order]] [[Ctenothrissiformes]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=PBDB Taxon |url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=35600 |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=paleobiodb.org}}</ref> It contains a number of species known from the [[Late Cretaceous]] (middle [[Cenomanian]] to early [[Turonian]]) of England and [[Lebanon]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Amalfitano |first1=Jacopo |last2=Giusberti |first2=Luca |last3=Fornaciari |first3=Eliana |last4=Carnevale |first4=Giorgio |date=2020-04-03 |title=UPPER CENOMANIAN FISHES FROM THE BONARELLI LEVEL (OAE2) OF NORTHEASTERN ITALY |url=https://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/RIPS/article/view/13224 |journal=Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia |language=en |volume=126 |issue=2 |doi=10.13130/2039-4942/13224 |issn=2039-4942}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Friedman |first=Matt |last2=Beckett |first2=Hermione T. |last3=Close |first3=Roger A. |last4=Johanson |first4=Zerina |date=2016 |title=The English Chalk and London Clay: two remarkable British bony fish Lagerstätten |url=https://www.lyellcollection.org/doi/10.1144/SP430.18 |journal=Geological Society, London, Special Publications |language=en |volume=430 |issue=1 |pages=165–200 |doi=10.1144/SP430.18 |issn=0305-8719}}</ref>
'''''Ctenothrissa''''' is a prehistoric [[genus]] of [[Actinopterygii|ray-finned fish]] in the supposed [[order (biology)|order]] "[[Ctenothrissiformes]]".


The following species are known:
==Taxonomy==

⚫
These [[Teleostei]] are only known from [[fossil]]s. While they are sometimes included in the [[superorder]] [[Acanthopterygii]] or [[Protacanthopterygii]], this is neither well-supported, nor is the [[monophyly]] of the "Ctenothrissiformes" robustly established. Indeed, it is quite likely that the supposed order is a [[paraphyletic]] assemblage of ancient moderately advanced Teleostei.<ref>Taylor (2009)</ref>
* †'''''C. microcephala''''' <small>([[Louis Agassiz|Agassiz]], 1837)</small> - Cenomanian to Turonian of England ([[Chalk Group|English Chalk]]) (=''[[Beryx]] microcephalus'' <small>Agassiz, 1837</small>)
* †'''''C. protodorsalis''''' <small>Gaudant, 1978</small> - Cenomanian of Lebanon (Haqel site of [[Sannine Formation]])
* †'''''C. radians''''' <small>(Agassiz, 1837)</small> - Cenomanian to Turonian of England (English Chalk) (=''Beryx radians'' <small>Agassiz, 1837</small>)
* †'''''C. signifer''''' <small>[[Oliver Perry Hay|Hay]], 1903</small> - Cenomanian of Lebanon (Hadjoula site of Sannine Formation)
* †'''''C. vexillifer''''' <small>([[François Jules Pictet de la Rive|Pictet]], 1850)</small> - Cenomanian of Lebanon (Haqel site of Sannine Formation) (=''Beryx vexillifer'' <small>Pictet, 1850</small>)

⚫
These [[Teleostei]] are only known from [[fossil]]s. While they are sometimes included in the [[superorder]] [[Acanthopterygii]] or [[Protacanthopterygii]], this is neither well-supported, nor is the [[monophyly]] of the "Ctenothrissiformes" robustly established. It has instead been suggested by some authors that the supposed order is a [[paraphyletic]] assemblage of ancient moderately advanced Teleostei; for example, the ctenothrissiform ''[[Aulolepis]]'' is found by some authors to be an [[Aulopiformes|aulopiform]].<ref>Taylor (2009)</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Delbarre |first=Daniel J. |date=2015 |title=Anatomy and relationships of †''Aulolepis'' (†Ctenothrissiformes: †Aulolepidae): Implications for deep divergences within eurypterygian fishes |url=https://www.palaeosoc.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/2015-Notice-of-AGM-and-newsletter-31.pdf |journal=Palaeontographical Society ResearchFund Reports |pages=3–4}}</ref>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
Line 47: Line 50:


[[Category:Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera]]
[[Category:Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera]]
⚫
[[Category:Cretaceous bony fish]]
⚫
[[Category:Late Cretaceous fish of Asia]]


[[Category:Acanthomorpha]]
⚫
[[Category:Late Cretaceous bony fish]]
⚫
[[Category:Late Cretaceous fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Cretaceous fish of Europe]]
[[Category:Cenomanian genus first appearances]]
[[Category:Turonian genus extinctions]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Arthur Smith Woodward]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1899]]


{{paleo-rayfinned-fish-stub}}
{{paleo-rayfinned-fish-stub}}

Revision as of 07:51, 16 July 2024

Ctenothrissa
Temporal range: Cenomanian to Turonian
↓
Fossil of Ctenothrissa vexillifer (Pictet, 1850) from Lebanon
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: †Ctenothrissiformes
Family: †Ctenothrissidae
Genus: †Ctenothrissa
Woodward, 1899
Species

See text

Ctenothrissa is a prehistoric genus of marine ray-finned fish in the order Ctenothrissiformes.[1] It contains a number of species known from the Late Cretaceous (middle Cenomanian to early Turonian) of England and Lebanon.[2][3]

The following species are known:

  • †C. microcephala (Agassiz, 1837) - Cenomanian to Turonian of England (English Chalk) (=Beryx microcephalus Agassiz, 1837)
  • †C. protodorsalis Gaudant, 1978 - Cenomanian of Lebanon (Haqel site of Sannine Formation)
  • †C. radians (Agassiz, 1837) - Cenomanian to Turonian of England (English Chalk) (=Beryx radians Agassiz, 1837)
  • †C. signifer Hay, 1903 - Cenomanian of Lebanon (Hadjoula site of Sannine Formation)
  • †C. vexillifer (Pictet, 1850) - Cenomanian of Lebanon (Haqel site of Sannine Formation) (=Beryx vexillifer Pictet, 1850)

These Teleostei are only known from fossils. While they are sometimes included in the superorder Acanthopterygii or Protacanthopterygii, this is neither well-supported, nor is the monophyly of the "Ctenothrissiformes" robustly established. It has instead been suggested by some authors that the supposed order is a paraphyletic assemblage of ancient moderately advanced Teleostei; for example, the ctenothrissiform Aulolepis is found by some authors to be an aulopiform.[4][5]

  • Ctenothrissa species
    Ctenothrissa species
  • Ctenothrissa vexillifer (Pictet, 1850)
    Ctenothrissa vexillifer (Pictet, 1850)
  • Ctenothrissa vexillifer, restored
    Ctenothrissa vexillifer, restored

See also

Bibliography

  • Taylor, Christopher (2009): Catalogue of Organisms – Living Larvae and Fossil Fish. Version of 2009-FEB-05. Retrieved 2009-SEP-28.
  • Carroll, R. L. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. New York: W. H. Freeman & Co.
  • M. Gayet, A. Belouze & P. Abi Saad, 2003. Liban Mémoire du Temps. Les Poissons fossiles. Éditions Desiris.
  • Patterson, C. 1964. "A review of Mesozoic acanthpterygian fishes, with special reference to those of the English chalk." Phil. Trans. Roy Soc. London 247(B):213-482.
  • Woodward, A. S., 1899: Additional notes on some Type specimens of Cretaceous Fishes from Mount Lebanon in the Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art. Annals of Natural History, IV 317-321
  • Woodward, A. S., 1899: Note on some Cretaceous clupeoid fishes with pectinated scales (Ctenothrissa and Pseudoberyx). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7 3:489-492
  • Woodward, A.S., 1891–1901. Catalogue of Fossil Fishes in the British Museum, Parts 1–4. London: British Museum.

References

  1. ^ "PBDB Taxon". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-07-16.
  2. ^ Amalfitano, Jacopo; Giusberti, Luca; Fornaciari, Eliana; Carnevale, Giorgio (2020-04-03). "UPPER CENOMANIAN FISHES FROM THE BONARELLI LEVEL (OAE2) OF NORTHEASTERN ITALY". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 126 (2). doi:10.13130/2039-4942/13224. ISSN 2039-4942.
  3. ^ Friedman, Matt; Beckett, Hermione T.; Close, Roger A.; Johanson, Zerina (2016). "The English Chalk and London Clay: two remarkable British bony fish Lagerstätten". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 430 (1): 165–200. doi:10.1144/SP430.18. ISSN 0305-8719.
  4. ^ Taylor (2009)
  5. ^ Delbarre, Daniel J. (2015). "Anatomy and relationships of †Aulolepis (†Ctenothrissiformes: †Aulolepidae): Implications for deep divergences within eurypterygian fishes" (PDF). Palaeontographical Society ResearchFund Reports: 3–4.
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