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Coal mining can cause a water pollution called Acid mine drainage (AMD); a metal-rich water formed from the chemical reaction between water and rocks containing sulfur-bearing minerals. (WorldCoalInstitute.org.) While AMD usually forms in areas where coal mining has taken place, metal-rich drainage can also occur in mineralized areas that have not been mined. AMD happens when the pyrite reacts with air and water to form sulfuric acid and dissolves iron. This acid run-off dissolves heavy metals such as copper, lead and mercury into ground and surface water.(WorldCoalInstitute.org.) Through effective mine management methods AMD can be minimized. Also a good mine design can keep water away from acid generating materials and help prevent AMD from occurring.(WorldCoalInstitute.org) There are two ways to get rid of AMD. One way is to install a water treatment plant. First the AMD is dosed with lime to neutralize the acid and then it is passed through a settling tank to remove the sediment and particulate metals. The second way is to develop a self-operating system that can treat the effluent without constant human intervention.(WorldCoalInstitute.org) |
Coal mining can cause a water pollution called Acid mine drainage (AMD); a metal-rich water formed from the chemical reaction between water and rocks containing sulfur-bearing minerals. (WorldCoalInstitute.org.) While AMD usually forms in areas where coal mining has taken place, metal-rich drainage can also occur in mineralized areas that have not been mined. AMD happens when the pyrite reacts with air and water to form sulfuric acid and dissolves iron. This acid run-off dissolves heavy metals such as copper, lead and mercury into ground and surface water.(WorldCoalInstitute.org.) Through effective mine management methods AMD can be minimized. Also a good mine design can keep water away from acid generating materials and help prevent AMD from occurring.(WorldCoalInstitute.org) There are two ways to get rid of AMD. One way is to install a water treatment plant. First the AMD is dosed with lime to neutralize the acid and then it is passed through a settling tank to remove the sediment and particulate metals. The second way is to develop a self-operating system that can treat the effluent without constant human intervention.(WorldCoalInstitute.org) |
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The Podesta group (formerly PodestaMattoon) is a government relations and public affairs firm. |
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==Background== |
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Podesta is a DC-based bipartisan firm founded in 1988 by former Republican strategist [[Dan Mattoon]] and Tony Podesta. .<ref>http://www.answers.com/topic/podesta-island?cat=technology</ref> Podesta specializes in everything from policymaking to political maneuvering. They provide clients with strategic advice. They represent corporations and trade associations as well as local governments and nonprofits. <ref>http://www.podesta.com/aboutus.htm</ref> |
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==Some Services Prodesta Provides== |
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If you are in government Relations you may receive help with: administration strategies, legislative strategies, issue management, policy positioning, and corporate responsibility initiatives. If you’re in [[public affairs]]: message development, branding and positioning, crisis communications, issue advertising, and media relations and training,<ref>http://www.podesta.com/ourservices.htm</ref>just to name a few. |
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==Merger== |
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The Podesta Group is set to merge with the [[Livingston Group]]<ref>http://http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/12/AR2007031201369.html</ref> to attract some of Washington's largest lobbying campaigns. The joint venture will allow them to better compete against bigger firms for business. |
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==References== |
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http://www.podesta.com/index.htm |
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http://www.answers.com/topic/podesta-island?cat=technology |
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http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/12/AR2007031201369.html |
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Revision as of 23:18, 25 October 2007
Coal mining can cause a water pollution called Acid mine drainage (AMD); a metal-rich water formed from the chemical reaction between water and rocks containing sulfur-bearing minerals. (WorldCoalInstitute.org.) While AMD usually forms in areas where coal mining has taken place, metal-rich drainage can also occur in mineralized areas that have not been mined. AMD happens when the pyrite reacts with air and water to form sulfuric acid and dissolves iron. This acid run-off dissolves heavy metals such as copper, lead and mercury into ground and surface water.(WorldCoalInstitute.org.) Through effective mine management methods AMD can be minimized. Also a good mine design can keep water away from acid generating materials and help prevent AMD from occurring.(WorldCoalInstitute.org) There are two ways to get rid of AMD. One way is to install a water treatment plant. First the AMD is dosed with lime to neutralize the acid and then it is passed through a settling tank to remove the sediment and particulate metals. The second way is to develop a self-operating system that can treat the effluent without constant human intervention.(WorldCoalInstitute.org)
The Podesta group (formerly PodestaMattoon) is a government relations and public affairs firm.
Background
Podesta is a DC-based bipartisan firm founded in 1988 by former Republican strategist Dan Mattoon and Tony Podesta. .[1] Podesta specializes in everything from policymaking to political maneuvering. They provide clients with strategic advice. They represent corporations and trade associations as well as local governments and nonprofits. [2]
Some Services Prodesta Provides
If you are in government Relations you may receive help with: administration strategies, legislative strategies, issue management, policy positioning, and corporate responsibility initiatives. If you’re in public affairs: message development, branding and positioning, crisis communications, issue advertising, and media relations and training,[3]just to name a few.
Merger
The Podesta Group is set to merge with the Livingston Group[4] to attract some of Washington's largest lobbying campaigns. The joint venture will allow them to better compete against bigger firms for business.
References
http://www.podesta.com/index.htm
http://www.answers.com/topic/podesta-island?cat=technology
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/12/AR2007031201369.html