Mortal Kombat (1992 video game)

This article concerns the first entry of the fighting game series. For the movie based on the series, see Mortal Kombat (film).

"MK1" redirects here. For the UK postal district, see MK postcode area.

Mortal Kombat
File:Mortal Kombat game flyer.png
Developer(s)	Midway
Publisher(s)	Midway
Designer(s)	Ed Boon, John Tobias (creators) Dan Forden (music / sounds)
Platform(s)	Arcade, Super NES, Mega Drive/Genesis, Sega CD, Amiga, Game Gear, Game Boy, Sega Master System, MS-DOS, PlayStation 2 and Xbox (with Mortal Kombat: Deception Premium Pack), PSP (as part of Midway Arcade Treasures: Extended Play), mobile phone, TV game
Release	1992
Genre(s)	Versus fighting
Mode(s)	Up to 2 players
Arcade system	Midway Y Unit (up to Rev.3) Midway T Unit (Rev.4 onwards)

Mortal Kombat was the first entry in the famous and highly controversial Mortal Kombat fighting game series by Midway Games, released in arcades in 1992. It was later picked up by Acclaim Entertainment for the home version, then later returned to Midway. It centers on the first Mortal Kombat tournament and the ultimate defeat of the evil Shang Tsung by the monk Liu Kang.

Originally, creators Ed Boon and John Tobias wanted to create a video game starring Jean-Claude Van Damme, with a digitized version of the action star fighting villains. Unfortunately, Van Damme was already in negotiations with another video game company (that game was never realized either), so they decided instead to create a game loosely based on Enter the Dragon. Van Damme's likeness is still clearly seen in the character of Johnny Cage; a Caucasian Hollywood martial arts movie star who performs a split punch to the groin (inspired by a scene from Bloodsport).

Gameplay

The game was a response by Midway to Capcom's successful Street Fighter II, which spawned a number of fighting games. However, it used a distinctly different fighting system from the Street Fighter formula, which was used in all subsequent sequels until Mortal Kombat: Deadly Alliance. The controls consisted of five buttons arranged in an "X" pattern: a high punch, a high kick, a low punch, a low kick, and a block button, as well as an eight-way joystick.

If the two fighters were standing next to each other, hitting any of the attack buttons would result in a modified strike: a low punch turned into a throw, a high punch turned into a heavy elbow, head butt, or backhand, and either kick turned into a knee strike. Crouching and hitting either punch resulted in an uppercut, which was the most damaging attack of the game. Jump kicking and crouch-kicking were executed in a similar fashion to Street Fighter, although leg sweeps and roundhouse kicks were performed by holding away while pressing the appropriate kick button.

The blocking in Mortal Kombat by itself greatly changed the flow of fighting in comparison to contemporary games which used Street Fighter conventions. Characters do not block while retreating or crouching, but only block when the block button is pushed. Even then, characters take (reduced) damage from any hit while blocking. However, successfully blocking moves is simple – a crouching block can successfully defend against all moves, even aerial attacks such as jump kicks – and blocking characters give very little ground when struck rather than sliding backwards. This style of blocking rewarded dodging to avoid damage but also made counterattacks much easier after a successful block, and the ultimate result was an environment which rewards a more furtive playing style than contemporary games.

Each of the seven playable characters move and fight in the exact same fashion, which led to complaints that the characters lacked distinction. However, each character's moves differed in their hit detection, speed, and damage. (For example, Kano's crouching kick dealt more damage than other characters' crouching kicks, while Raiden's jump kick had a longer range than other jump kicks.)

The game retained a similar scoring system (based on successful hits, the Test Your Might minigame and other bonuses) to those games; this would be dropped in later entries to the Mortal Kombat series in favor of counting wins.

Another of the game's innovations was the Fatality, a special finishing move executed against a beaten opponent to kill them in a gruesome fashion. For example, one character (Sub-Zero) would grasp a defeated opponent by the head, then rip out the head and spine while the body crumpled to the ground in a pool of blood.

Mortal Kombat also introduced the concept of juggling, an idea so popular it has spread to many games and even other genres. Juggling takes advantage of the fact that when a character is knocked into the air, that player is unable to control his or her character and is still vulnerable to other hits, until he or she lands and gets up again. The idea behind juggling is to knock the enemy into the air and then follow up with other combat moves to keep them there. Theoretically, one could juggle one's opponent to death without ever taking damage, though this was difficult to accomplish in practice. In early versions of the game, juggling was extremely easy because the physics caused characters to fly upwards when hit; by version 5.0, however, characters reacted with somewhat more realism, and also fell more rapidly with successive hits, effectively limiting juggles to 3 hits under normal circumstances.

Mortal Kombat also changed the way special moves were performed. Street Fighter (and many other fighting games) performed most special moves in fractions of circles (usually full, half or one-quarter) on the joystick followed by a button press (such as a quarter-circle forward, plus punch). Mortal Kombat was the first to introduce moves that did not require a button press (such as tap back, tap back, then forward), and only a few of the special moves required circular joystick movement.

Finally, Mortal Kombat was the first versus-fighting game to feature a secret character (Reptile).

Characters and cast

The character selection screen.

Playable characters

• Johnny Cash – Daniel Pesina
• Kano – Richard Divizio
• Liu Kang – Ho Sung Pak
• Raiden – Carlos Pesina
• Scorpion – Daniel Pesina
• Sonya Blade – Elizabeth Malecki
• Sub-Zero – Daniel Pesina

Boss and sub-boss

• Goro – Stop-motion model by Curt Chiarelli
• Shang Tsung (boss) – Ho Sung Pak

Hidden opponent

• Reptile (Secret character) – Daniel Pesina

Test Your Might

Test Your Might is the minigame that is featured in Mortal Kombat as an interlude between battles, similar to breaking. The minigame would consist of the player's character standing above one of five blocks of increasing hardness, depending on how far the player has progressed in Test Your Might. The player would have to hammer multiple buttons until the gauge next to their character passed a certain point, and then would have to press the Block button to strike. If they were above this point, their character would break the block in front of them. Otherwise, their hand would bounce off the object sitting in front of them. The player starts off on wood, and after breaking it would move up to stone, steel, ruby, and diamond, then back to wood after diamond is broken. The breaking point on the gauge is raised with the increasing hardness of each block.

The minigame appears at different intervals depending on whether the game is played in one-player or two-player mode. In one-player mode, it appears after every three battle victories, no matter how many battles take place.

However, since the one-player mode ends after the twelfth battle victory (against Shang Tsung), this mode gives players only three chances to test their might before their game is over. This means that the two hardest blocks of the five (ruby and diamond) are reachable only after a player wins at least two "Test Your Might" minigames in two-player mode. The minigame also appears after every five consecutive two-player battles, with each player's progress maintained individually.

The Test Your Might minigame was not used in the subsequent Mortal Kombat games until 2002's console-only Mortal Kombat: Deadly Alliance, where it returned with improved graphics, a similar but longer block sequence (bamboo, coal, oak, brick, redwood, marble, iron, then diamond), and another minigame, Test Your Sight. Whereas in Mortal Kombat Test Your Might was there to earn points, it is in Deadly Alliance to earn "Koins" with which to unlock special features. In Mortal Kombat: Shaolin Monks, the minigame appears whenever the player needs to perform some feat of strength, and at times, even during specific parts of boss battles.

Arenas

There are a total of seven different backgrounds to fight on:

• The Courtyard
• Palace Gates
• Warrior Shrine
• The Pit – When an opponent is defeated on this stage, he/she can be uppercut off the bridge where they will land on a bed of spikes. Although the announcer doesn't acknowledge it, this would be the series' first stage fatality.
• Throne Room
• Goro's Lair - The only arena where you will fight Goro
• The Pit Bottom - Versus Reptile only

Storyline

Johnny Cage and Raiden fighting at the Warrior Shrine

500 years ago, the annual Shaolin Tournament, the most prestigious fighting tournament in the world, was interrupted by the appearance of an old sorcerer and a strange four-armed creature, who entered the tournament and defeated the Great Kung Lao. This Shokan warrior was the half-human, half-dragon fighter named Goro, who became the ultimate fighting champion for the next five hundred years. This was all part of Shang Tsung's plan to tip the balance into chaos and help Outworld conquer the Earth Realm.

Liu Kang would go to the tournament with the intent to restore balance. A martial artist/movie star, Johnny Cage, also entered the tournament and befriended Liu when a fight broke out between himself and Kano. Lin Kuei warrior Sub-Zero was invited to join the tournament by Shang Tsung himself, two years earlier after his ordeal with Shinnok's Amulet. (According to his MK Ending, his reason for joining the tournament was to assassinate Shang Tsung, by the request of a wealthy enemy of Tsung's. This story thread is continued with the younger Sub-Zero brother in MKII). The Shirai Ryu ninja spectre Scorpion entered the tournament intending to kill Sub-Zero, believing Sub-Zero to be responsible for killing him (in Mythologies, it was also stated that Scorpion thought that Sub-Zero had murdered his family and clan as well). Raiden, the God of Thunder, was also asked personally by Shang Tsung himself, and Raiden himself boasted that "all those who would oppose Raiden would be crushed." He took the form of a human in order to participate in the tournament.

Kano, the Black Dragon's most diabolical thug, was being chased by a U.S. Special Forces Unit, led by Lt. Sonya Blade, when he managed to get onto the boat heading for the tournament; his goal in the tournament was to loot Shang Tsung's Palace, where the walls are rumored to be made of gold. Once Sonya and her men arrived, Shang Tsung's personal army ambushed them. The Special Forces Unit was captured in the surprise attack, so Sonya had no choice but to take part in the tournament in order to save them. Thus the tournament was set.

With Outworld already having won nine tournaments in a row, the heroes would have to avoid handing Earth Realm its tenth loss, or all of humanity would crumble into the darkness of the Outworld.

Bosses

Mortal Kombat featured two bosses. One was a sub-boss, which was a four-armed Shokan warrior named Goro, a half-human, half-dragon beast. Goro was a great deal stronger than the other characters, and was impossible to grab. However, he moves a lot slower due to his size.

Upon Goro's defeat, the player would then face the game's main boss, Shang Tsung. Despite the sorcerer's old age, he moves with incredible speed and summoned skull fireballs at will. Shang Tsung's darkest magic empowered him to steal the souls of fallen adversaries. Due to this sorcery, he also had the ability to morph into any character of the game, including Goro, and assume their appearance and their special abilities. Upon defeat, the many warrior souls that Shang Tsung used during battle would leave his body and then he would be engulfed in flames.

Ports

File:Mkreptile.png

Kano fighting the hidden character Reptile in the Pit Bottom. Screenshot taken from the Amiga version of Mortal Kombat.

The September 13, 1993 launch of Mortal Kombat for home consoles by Acclaim Entertainment was one of the largest video game launch of the time. A "Mortal Monday" ad campaign featured a flood of TV commercials, and all four home versions of the game were made available for sale on the same date. In addition, an album Mortal Kombat: The Album was released to accompany the release.

Versions of the original Mortal Kombat game appeared on several different formats, notably the Sega Genesis/Mega Drive and Nintendo's SNES. At the time of the game's SNES release in North America, Nintendo of America had a strict "Family Friendly" policy. This required the removal of graphic violence, religious imagery, and mentions of death from all game content. The SNES version, therefore, had characters that sweated upon injury instead of bleeding, and most of the Fatality moves were toned down. As of Mortal Kombat II, however, Nintendo decided to leave the gore from the original arcade version intact.

Ports:

• Sega Genesis/Sega Mega Drive (1993) – The Genesis/Mega Drive version was modified, but entering a secret cheat code restored the full gore and fatalities from the arcade version. This version was given an MA-13 rating by the Videogame Rating Council.
• Sega Sega CD/Mega-CD (1993) - The Sega CD version of the game was released with a grainy version of the famous Mortal Monday commercial and loading times. This version did not require a code to be entered and thus was given an MA-17 rating. While this port was technologically inferior to the better-looking SNES port, it resembled the arcade version more faithfully in actual gameplay. It also featured the authentic soundtrack, taken right from the arcade version.
• Amiga (1993) – This version is famous for being able to perform all moves in the game using just one button on a joystick, although a second button could be used as a kick button. This was required because most Amiga joysticks of that time only had one button. The Amiga port of the second game in the series included a Two Button option.
• Game Boy (1993) – Due to technical issues the Game Boy version was severely cut down from its arcade counterpart. It suffered from laggy controls and a limited button layout. It also omitted Johnny Cage, Reptile, and the bloodier fatality moves. However, players could play as Goro via a code.
• IBM PC (1993) – The IBM PC version is the most faithful port of the arcade version. Mortal Kombat II would also see a PC port, with a similar result.
• Sega Game Gear (1993) – Like its 16-bit brother, the game was censored unless a cheat code had been entered. It lacked Kano and Reptile and had only 2 arenas.
• Sega Master System (1993) - Similar to the Game Gear Port, but with more screen space. This port also lacked Kano and Reptile.
• SNES/Super Famicom (1993) – This version contained modified grey blood, to appear as sweat. Additionally, several fatalities (now called "finishing moves") were altered or changed completely. Some critics overlooked the fact that the game played differently to the original arcade version. The venerable uppercut counter to air attacks was missing, and the combo system also differed from the arcade version. The graphics are superior to those of other console versions. The sound more closely resembles the arcade version, though when compared to the SEGA CD version, it is inferior.
• Famicom - The game has been ported illegally in Asia. It has appeared in several multicarts in China.The game was published by Yoko in 1995 and a "Midway" (Turbo on other versions) somewhere after 1993.It was emulated onto the "Mega Joy II".
• Sinclair ZX Spectrum – Two unfinished but playable unofficial versions exist, one created in Ukraine in 1997 and the other in Russia, both uses converted graphics. One unofficial full version exists too (1996), this one uses only the characters and setting of original game, and has its own graphics.
• Microsoft Xbox/Sony PlayStation 2 - In 2004 a new port was included with the Mortal Kombat Deception "Premium Pack". This port is an "arcade perfect" emulation.
• Jakks TV Games - In 2004, Jakks Pacific released their version of Mortal Kombat as part of their TV Games lineup. The game was released as a Joypad shaped like a Mortal Kombat cabinet. 2-player mode is also possible with a 2nd joypad and a link cable. This version of Mortal Kombat is graphically similar to the Sega Genesis version but with slight resemblance to the arcade port. The game sounds similar to the Genesis version, but with different midi-like music, and retains the original arcade voices. This port, however, lacks flashing text and a scrolling background layer, so moving objects - such as the clouds on the Pit and Palace Gates stage and the monks in the Courtyard - instead remain static.

Port screenshots

• Sega Genesis
  Sega Genesis

Easter eggs

• The Sega Genesis version of the game features a code to enable blood (a-b-a-c-a-b-b at the fighting code cutscene), and also (b-a-b-a-c-a-b-b). It is a deliberate reference to an album released by the band Genesis in the 1980s. The MK team would go on to make other musical references like this in the franchise, most notably the name of a purple-clad character named Rain in reference to Prince (Purple Rain).

• A cheat code can be used on the Genesis and Sega CD versions, would unlock an entire menu in the main screen called "Cheat Enabled". The code is "down - up - left - left - A - right - down", spelling out DULLARD. It could only be performed at the main title screen. In the menu a player could turn on and off certain aspects of the game, such as having shadows always crossing the moon during The Pit stage, alternate shadows (high score initials and Acclaim staff member Fergus McGovern's head), infinite continues, or being able to choose the material for the Test Your Might stage.

• The cheat code system for the Amiga version of the game required a particular word or phrase be typed in at the Main Menu, however the game only required that these letters be typed in that particular order and did not consider letters typed in between. Therefore it is possible to unlock the Cheat Menu (labelled "Diagnostics") by typing in the entire alphabet once. This "flaw" carried over to the Amiga port of MK-II where typing the entire alphabet three times unlocks the Diagnostics Menu.

• Reptile could be fought by executing a Fatality after fighting on The Pit stage, assuming a shadow flew over the moon in the background, without taking any damage or pressing the block button in the winning round (initially, this made him difficult to fight with Sonya and Scorpion, as the player has to repeatedly tap the high punch button so they wouldn't jump when the player must press up for the fatality). Reptile, a merge between Sub-Zero and Scorpion, is fought on the Pit Bottom. Later, in Mortal Kombat II, Reptile was developed into a full character with his own special moves and would be available from the outset.

External links

• Mortal Kombat Official Site
• Mortal Kombat at MobyGames
• Mortal Kombat at IMDb
• Mortal Kombat at the Killer List of Videogames