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John Wain (born John Barrington Wain, March 14, 1925 – May 24, 1994) was an English poet, novelist, and critic, associated with the literary group The Movement. For most of his life, Wain worked as a freelance journalist and author, writing and reviewing for newspapers and the radio.

Life and work

Wain was born and brought up in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, and attended St. John's College, Oxford, gaining a B.A. in 1946 and M.A. in 1950. He wrote his first novel Hurry on Down in 1953, a comic picaresque about an unsettled university graduate who turns his life against conventional society. Other notable novels include Strike the father dead (1962), a tale of a jazzman's rebellion against his conventional father, and Young shoulders (1982), winner of the Whitbread Prize, the searing tale of a young boy facing the death of loved ones. Wain's use of lower-case letters in the titles of his novels indicates his non-conventional manner.

Wain was also a prolific poet and critic, with critical works on fellow Midlands writers Arnold Bennett, Samuel Johnson (for which he was awarded the 1974 James Tait Black Memorial Prize), and William Shakespeare. Among the other writers he has written works about are the Americans Theodore Roethke and Edmund Wilson. He himself was the subject of a bibliography by David Gerard.

Wain taught at the University of Reading in the late 1940s and early 1950s, and in 1963 spent a term as professor of rhetoric at Gresham College, London. In 1973 he was elected to the five-year lectureship post of Professor of Poetry at the University of Oxford: some of his lectures are collected in his book Professing Poetry.

Literary associations

Wain was often referred to as one of the Angry Young Men, a term applied to 1950s writers such as John Braine, John Osborne, Alan Sillitoe and Keith Waterhouse thought to be radicals who bitterly opposed the British establishment and conservative elements of society at that time. Indeed, he did contribute to Declaration, an anthology of manifestos by writers associated with the movement, and a chapter of his novel, Hurry on Down, was excerpted in a popular paperback sampler, Protest: The Beat Generation and the Angry Young Men.^[1]^[2]

Nevertheless, it may be more accurate to associate Wain with The Movement, a group of post-war poets including luminaries such as Kingsley Amis, D.J. Enright, Thom Gunn, Elizabeth Jennings and Philip Larkin. Amis and Larkin, close friends of Wain's for a time, were also associated, with equal dubiousness, with the "angries". But if looking beyond poetry, it is more accurate to refer to these three, as was sometimes done at the time, as "The New University Wits", writers who aimed to communicate rather than to experiment, and who often did so in a comic mode. However, they all turned more serious after their initial work. Wain's poetry remains very fine (for example An Apology for Understatement) and it is sad that he was belittled by Amis and Larkin in their letters, and that no anthologists include him nowadays. He was a literary giant in his day (see his work for "The Observer")though his work now no longer enjoys the popularity it once did.

Wain's tutor at Oxford had been C. S. Lewis. He encountered, but did not feel he belonged to, Lewis's literary circle, the Inklings. Wain took literature as seriously as the Inklings did, and believed as they did in the primacy of literature as communication, but as a modern realist writer he shared neither their conservative social beliefs nor their propensity for fantasy.

Works

Novels

Hurry on Down (1953) aka Born in captivity (US title)
Living in the present (1953)
The Contenders (1958)
A Travelling Woman (1959)
Strike the father dead (1962)
The Young Visitors (1965)
The Smaller Sky (1967)
A Winter in the Hills (1970)
The Pardoner's Tale (1978)
Lizzie's floating shop (1981)
Young shoulders (1982) aka The free zone starts here (winner of the Whitbread Prize)
Where the rivers meet (1988)
Comedies (1990)
Hungry generations (1994)

Poetry

A word carved on a sill (1956)
Weep before God (1961)
Wildtrack (1965)
Letters to five artists, poems (1969)
Feng, a poem (1975)
Poems 1949-79 (1980)
Poems for the Zodiac (1980)
The Twofold (1981)
Open country (1987)

Short Stories

Manhood (1980)

Plays

Johnson is leaving (1973) (monodrama)
Harry in the night (1975)
Frank (1984) (radio play)

Short story collections

Nuncle and Other Stories (1960)
Death of the Hind Legs and Other Stories (1966)
The Life Guard (1971)

Literary criticism

Interpretations, essays on twelve English poems (1955 and 1972)
Preliminary Essays (1957)
American Allegory (1959)
Essays on Literature and Ideas (1963)
The Living World of Shakespeare, a playgoer's guide (1964)
Theodore Roethke (1964) (in Critical Quarterly)
Arnold Bennett (1967)
A House for the truth, critical essays (1972)
Johnson as critic (1973)
An Edmund Wilson celebration (1978)
Edmund Wilson, the man and his work (1978)
Professing poetry (1979)

Biography

Sprightly Running: Part of an Autobiography (1962)
Samuel Johnson: A Biography (1975)

References

^ Maschler, Tom (editor) (1957). Declaration. London: MacGibbon and Kee. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)
^ Feldman, Gene and Gartneberg, Max (editors) (1958). Protest: The Beat Generation and the Angry Young Men. New York: Citadel Press. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Maschler-1] Maschler, Tom (editor) (1957). Declaration. London: MacGibbon and Kee. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)

[Feldman_and_Gartenberg-2] Feldman, Gene and Gartneberg, Max (editors) (1958). Protest: The Beat Generation and the Angry Young Men. New York: Citadel Press. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 Wain was often referred to as one of the [[Angry Young Men]], a term applied to [[1950s]] writers such as [[John Braine]], [[John Osborne]], [[Alan Sillitoe]] and [[Keith Waterhouse]] thought to be radicals who bitterly opposed the British establishment and [[Conservatism|conservative]] elements of society at that time.  Indeed, he did contribute to ''[[Declaration (1957 book)|Declaration]]'', an anthology of manifestos by writers associated with the movement, and a chapter of his novel, ''[[Hurry on Down]]'', was excerpted in a popular paperback sampler, ''[[Protest: The Beat Generation and the Angry Young Men]]''.<ref name="Maschler">{{cite book|title=''Declaration''|author=Maschler, Tom (editor)|date=1957|location=London|publisher=MacGibbon and Kee}}</ref><ref name="Feldman and Gartenberg">{{cite book|title=''Protest: The Beat Generation and the Angry Young Men''|author=Feldman, Gene and Gartneberg, Max (editors)|date=1958|location=New York|publisher=Citadel Press}}</ref>
-Nevertheless, it may be more accurate to associate Wain with [[The Movement (literature)|The Movement]], a group of post-war poets including luminaries such as [[Kingsley Amis]], [[D.J. Enright]], [[Thom Gunn]], [[Elizabeth Jennings]] and [[Philip Larkin]]. Amis and Larkin, close friends of Wain's for a time, were also associated, with equal dubiousness, with the "angries".  But if looking beyond poetry, it is more accurate to refer to these three, as was sometimes done at the time, as "The New University Wits", writers who aimed to communicate rather than to experiment, and who often did so in a comic mode.  However, they all turned more serious after their initial work.  Wain's poetry remains very fine (for example ''An Apology for Understatement'') and it is sad that he was belittled by Amis and Larkin in their letters, and that no anthologists include him nowadays. He was a literary giant in his day (see his work for "The Observer") and is now unjustifiably ignored - someone needs to restore his rightful place in  English letters - just as Larkin championed and introduced us to Thomas Hardy's poetry.
+Nevertheless, it may be more accurate to associate Wain with [[The Movement (literature)|The Movement]], a group of post-war poets including luminaries such as [[Kingsley Amis]], [[D.J. Enright]], [[Thom Gunn]], [[Elizabeth Jennings]] and [[Philip Larkin]]. Amis and Larkin, close friends of Wain's for a time, were also associated, with equal dubiousness, with the "angries".  But if looking beyond poetry, it is more accurate to refer to these three, as was sometimes done at the time, as "The New University Wits", writers who aimed to communicate rather than to experiment, and who often did so in a comic mode.  However, they all turned more serious after their initial work.  Wain's poetry remains very fine (for example ''An Apology for Understatement'') and it is sad that he was belittled by Amis and Larkin in their letters, and that no anthologists include him nowadays. He was a literary giant in his day (see his work for "The Observer")though his work now no longer enjoys the popularity it once did.
 Wain's tutor at [[Oxford University|Oxford]] had been [[C. S. Lewis]].  He encountered, but did not feel he belonged to, Lewis's literary circle, the [[Inklings]].  Wain took literature as seriously as the Inklings did, and believed as they did in the primacy of literature as communication, but as a modern [[Realism (arts)|realist]] writer he shared neither their conservative social beliefs nor their propensity for [[fantasy]].