Mega International Commercial Bank

Mega International Commercial Bank

File:Mega Bank logo.jpg
Industry	Banking
Founded	1904
Headquarters	Taipei, Taiwan
Key people	Shiu Kuang-si, President
Products	Financial Services
Number of employees	4,900
Website	www.megabank.com.tw [1]
Footnotes / references Issuer of banknotes (1912-1942)

The Mega International Commercial Bank (兆豐國際商業銀行) is one of the leading banks in Taiwan. It has 105 branches in Taiwan along with 17 branches, 2 representative offices and 2 wholly-owned subsidiaries abroad. The bank's total workforce is over 4,900 and its aggregate paid-in capital is approximately NT$64.1 billion.

History

Mega International Commercial Bank Co., Ltd. came into being on December 31, 2002 as a result of the merger of the historic International Commercial Bank of China (中國國際商業銀行) and Chiao T’ung Bank (交通銀行).

The International Commercial Bank of China (中國國際商業銀行) was the name by which the Bank of China came to be known after its privatization in Taiwan in 1971. The Bank of China's reserves had been transfered from mainland China to Taiwan prior to the Chinese Communist Party's takeover of the mainland in 1949. Like most banks, the Bank of China was not immediately allowed to resume operations in Taiwan.

The Bank of China was first established in 1904 as the Hu-pu (Financial Department) Bank of the Ch'ing Dynasty. It came to be known as the Ta Ch'ing Bank before being renamed Bank of China after the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912. The bank's headquarters were at 3 Hank'ou Road in the International Settlement of Shanghai. The bank, which was authorized to issue banknotes, broke free from the Yuan Shih-k'ai government's control in 1916 under the leadership of Chang Kia-ngau, and became a private, merchant-owned bank in 1923 when the cash-strapped Peking government sold all but a symbolic number of its shares to private investors. During the 1920s and 1930s, the Bank of China was by far the largest in China. In 1928, the Bank of China funded the government's creation of the Central Bank of China, and in exchange was allowed to remain independent. It was also chartered to serve as the nation's international exchange bank and was entrusted with efforts toward the promotion of foreign trade, the supply of foreign exchange, and the general financing of home industries.

The Chiao Tung Bank (交通銀行) was a direct successor of the Chiao Tung Bank / Bank of Communications established in 1908 during the final years of the Ch'ing Dynasty. After the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912, the Chiao Tung Bank was authorized to issue banknotes backed by silver reserves. Government ownership of the bank was reduced to a minority during the instability of the Yuan Shih-k'ai regime and the Northern Warlords era. The bank financed the creation of the Central Bank of China in 1928 and was considered one of the Republic of China's top four banks.

The Bank of China and the Chiao Tung Bank both became government-owned quite suddenly during the Shanghai financial crisis of 1935. Finance Minister H.H. Kung, who had worked to erode the independence of Shanghai's powerful bankers, forced both banks to create new shares which gave the government majority ownership. These new shares were purchased through overvalued government bonds meant to finance the government's deficit and increase the Central Bank of China's capital.

After the 1949 establishment of the People's Republic of China on the mainland, both banks' operations were split, though their management and most liquid assets were transfered to Taiwan. They were not immediately permitted to resume operations in Taiwan given the uncertain situation in the early 1950s. Both banks' assets on the mainland were seized by the Communist Party of China, which severely limited banking until the 1980s. The Bank of China's branches in Tokyo, Bangkok and the Americas remained under the Taipei-based ICBC, while other branches in Asia, including Hong Kong, came under the PRC-controlled Bank of China. It was not until 1987 that the Bank of Communications was permitted to resume operations in the PRC.

During the mid to late 1990s, many state-owned financial institutions in Taiwan were restructured and merged for greater efficiency. The Chiao Tung Bank was privatized in 1999, then underwent a series of consolidations. In 2002, it was merged with the The International Commercial Bank of China under a single financial holding, which in 2006 came to be consolidated into a single bank--the Mega International Commercial Bank. It was argued at the time that the bank's former initials, ICBC, could lend it to be confused with the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. However, the re-branding was controversial in Taiwan as many saw the change as a costly exercise meant to remove any reference to China from its name.

In March and April 2008, Mega International Commercial Bank featured prominently in the news in Taiwan because the wife of president-elect Ma Ying-jeou, Christine Chow, had declared her intention to continue working as the bank's legal counsel. In May 2008, she was permitted to retire from the bank.

See also

• Republic of China
• Economy of Taiwan
• Taipei

References

The Shanghai Capitalists and the Nationalist Government 1927-1937 by Parks M. Coble Jr., Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1980.

External links

• Official Website