Krebiozen: Difference between revisions
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Dr Ivy announced the trial results in 1951 at a press conference at the Drake Hotel, Chicago, to an audience of journalists, politicians, doctors and potential investors. Of the 22 patients in the trial, 14 were listed as alive and none as having died of cancer. In fact, ten patients had died of cancer at the time of the trial, and none from other causes.<ref name=Quackwatch/> Shortly after, the Krebiozen Research Foundation was established by the Durovic brothers, with Dr Ivy as president. |
Dr Ivy announced the trial results in 1951 at a press conference at the Drake Hotel, Chicago, to an audience of journalists, politicians, doctors and potential investors. Of the 22 patients in the trial, 14 were listed as alive and none as having died of cancer. In fact, ten patients had died of cancer at the time of the trial, and none from other causes.<ref name=Quackwatch/> Shortly after, the Krebiozen Research Foundation was established by the Durovic brothers, with Dr Ivy as president. |
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Ten hospitals and cancer research centers followed up on the trial, and observed no effect of Krebiozen on cancer. A compilation of the multi-institutional negative data was reported in the ''[[Journal of the American Medical Association]]'' in 1951. Krebiozen's backers claimed a conspiracy against the drug.<ref name=Quackwatch |
Ten hospitals and cancer research centers followed up on the trial, and observed no effect of Krebiozen on cancer. A compilation of the multi-institutional negative data was reported in the ''[[Journal of the American Medical Association]]'' in 1951. Krebiozen's backers claimed a conspiracy against the drug.<ref name=Quackwatch/> |
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In the 1953 Fitzgerald Report, Benedict Fitzgerald of the Interstate Commerce Commission was recruited by Congressman Charles Toby to investigate a possible conspiracy in orthodox medicine at that time to supress effective cancer treatments. His findings concerning Krebiozen are as follows:<blockquote> |
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"Being vitally interested and having tried to listen and observe closely, it is my profound conviction that this substance Krebiozen is one of the most promising materials yet isolated for the management of cancer. It is biologically active. I have gone over the records of 530 cases, most of them conducted at a distance from Chicago, by unbiased cancer experts and clinics. In reaching my conclusions I have of course discounted my own lay observations and relied mostly on the opinions of qualified cancer research workers and ordinary experienced physicians. |
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I have concluded that in the value of present cancer research, this substance and the theory behind it deserves the most full and complete and scientific study. Its value in the management of the cancer patient has been demonstrated in a sufficient number and percentage of cases to demand further work."<ref>http://www.communicationagents.com/chris/2007/04/03/1953_fitzgerald_report_suppressed_cancer_treatments.htm The Fitzgerald Report</ref> |
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</blockquote> |
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In 1959 Dr Ivy produced his own version of the drug under the name Carcalon.<ref name=ACS/> |
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A group marketing Krebiozen claimed objective improvement, with a decrease in tumor size of 61% of brain and spinal cord tumors, a 70% decrease of metastases to the brain, and a 48% decrease of breast cancers. The report, however, was disproven by the U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] and the [[National Cancer Institute]].<ref name=Quackwatch/> Samples of Krebiozen were provided on two occasions to the National Cancer Institute, and on one occasion to the FDA in the form of dry powder. All three samples proved to be simply [[creatine monohydrate]], sometimes dissolved in [[mineral oil]].<ref name=Quackwatch/><ref name=ACS>http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Krebiozen.asp?sitearea=ETO Krebiozen - American Cancer Society</ref><ref name=Time1>http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,896964,00.html Krebiozen Analyzed Time Magazine 13/9/1963</ref><ref name=BCCA/> |
A group marketing Krebiozen claimed objective improvement, with a decrease in tumor size of 61% of brain and spinal cord tumors, a 70% decrease of metastases to the brain, and a 48% decrease of breast cancers. The report, however, was disproven by the U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] and the [[National Cancer Institute]].<ref name=Quackwatch/> Samples of Krebiozen were provided on two occasions to the National Cancer Institute, and on one occasion to the FDA in the form of dry powder. All three samples proved to be simply [[creatine monohydrate]], sometimes dissolved in [[mineral oil]].<ref name=Quackwatch/><ref name=ACS>http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Krebiozen.asp?sitearea=ETO Krebiozen - American Cancer Society</ref><ref name=Time1>http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,896964,00.html Krebiozen Analyzed Time Magazine 13/9/1963</ref><ref name=BCCA/> |
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* [http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Krebiozen.asp?sitearea=ETO Information on Krebiozen] from the [[American Cancer Society]] |
* [http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Krebiozen.asp?sitearea=ETO Information on Krebiozen] from the [[American Cancer Society]] |
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* [http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/PPI/UnconventionalTherapies/Krebiozen.htm Information on Krebiozen] from the British Columbia Cancer Agency |
* [http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/PPI/UnconventionalTherapies/Krebiozen.htm Information on Krebiozen] from the British Columbia Cancer Agency |
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* |
*[http://www.quackwatch.com/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/Cancer/krebiozen.html The Krebiozen Story], from [[Quackwatch]] |
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*[http://http://www.communicationagents.com/chris/2007/04/03/1953_fitzgerald_report_suppressed_cancer_treatments.htm The 1953 Fitzgerald Report] |
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[[Category:Cancer treatments]] |
[[Category:Cancer treatments]] |
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Revision as of 17:51, 9 October 2008
Krebiozen (aka Carcalon, substance X, drug X, or creatine monohydrate[1]) is an alternative treatment marketed as a cure for cancer. Current medical consensus is that it has no therapeutic value.
It is claimed[who?] that Krebiozen, originally called substance X, came from horses inoculated with Actinomyces bovis by Dr. Stevan Durovic. Durovic claimed that Krebiozen had been useful in the treatment of spontaneous cancer, mainly in cats and dogs.
Durovic met Andrew Conway Ivy in 1949 and told him about 'substance X'. The idea resonated with Ivy's ideas on how chemicals might control cell growth.[2] Dr Ivy took the drug himself and then administered it to a colleague, then to a dog and eventually started trials on patients.[2] He became convinced that the drug could cure cancer.[3]
Dr Ivy announced the trial results in 1951 at a press conference at the Drake Hotel, Chicago, to an audience of journalists, politicians, doctors and potential investors. Of the 22 patients in the trial, 14 were listed as alive and none as having died of cancer. In fact, ten patients had died of cancer at the time of the trial, and none from other causes.[2] Shortly after, the Krebiozen Research Foundation was established by the Durovic brothers, with Dr Ivy as president.
Ten hospitals and cancer research centers followed up on the trial, and observed no effect of Krebiozen on cancer. A compilation of the multi-institutional negative data was reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 1951. Krebiozen's backers claimed a conspiracy against the drug.[2]
In the 1953 Fitzgerald Report, Benedict Fitzgerald of the Interstate Commerce Commission was recruited by Congressman Charles Toby to investigate a possible conspiracy in orthodox medicine at that time to supress effective cancer treatments. His findings concerning Krebiozen are as follows:
"Being vitally interested and having tried to listen and observe closely, it is my profound conviction that this substance Krebiozen is one of the most promising materials yet isolated for the management of cancer. It is biologically active. I have gone over the records of 530 cases, most of them conducted at a distance from Chicago, by unbiased cancer experts and clinics. In reaching my conclusions I have of course discounted my own lay observations and relied mostly on the opinions of qualified cancer research workers and ordinary experienced physicians.
I have concluded that in the value of present cancer research, this substance and the theory behind it deserves the most full and complete and scientific study. Its value in the management of the cancer patient has been demonstrated in a sufficient number and percentage of cases to demand further work."[4]
In 1959 Dr Ivy produced his own version of the drug under the name Carcalon.[5]
A group marketing Krebiozen claimed objective improvement, with a decrease in tumor size of 61% of brain and spinal cord tumors, a 70% decrease of metastases to the brain, and a 48% decrease of breast cancers. The report, however, was disproven by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the National Cancer Institute.[2] Samples of Krebiozen were provided on two occasions to the National Cancer Institute, and on one occasion to the FDA in the form of dry powder. All three samples proved to be simply creatine monohydrate, sometimes dissolved in mineral oil.[2][5][6][3]
On October 28 1964, the Durovics, Ivy and the Krebiozen Research Foundation were indicted for introducing mislabeled drugs into interstate commerce in violation of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. After a 9-month trial, the case ended with a hung jury and they were acquitted.[2][7]
References
- ^ krebiozen, CAS Number: 60-27-5
- ^ a b c d e f g http://www.quackwatch.com/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/Cancer/krebiozen.html The Krebiozen Story
- ^ a b http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/PPI/UnconventionalTherapies/Krebiozen.htm Krebiozen
- ^ http://www.communicationagents.com/chris/2007/04/03/1953_fitzgerald_report_suppressed_cancer_treatments.htm The Fitzgerald Report
- ^ a b http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Krebiozen.asp?sitearea=ETO Krebiozen - American Cancer Society
- ^ http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,896964,00.html Krebiozen Analyzed Time Magazine 13/9/1963
- ^ http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,842474,00.html The Krebiozen Verdict Time Magazine 11/2/1966
External links
- Information on Krebiozen from the American Cancer Society
- Information on Krebiozen from the British Columbia Cancer Agency
- The Krebiozen Story, from Quackwatch
- The 1953 Fitzgerald Report