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{{Original research|date=November 2008}}
{{Infobox Military Person
{{Infobox Military Person
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'''Sukhdev Singh Babbar''' was the leader of [[Babbar Khalsa International]], one of the many militant groups in Punjab State that are [[Khalistan movement|fighting]] for an independent state for Sikhs, known as [[Khalistan]]<ref> http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4DA163CF932A0575BC0A964958260</ref>. He commanded [[Babbar Khalsa International|BKI]] continuously for 11 years, i.e. until his death. He was also one of the most prominent founding members of [[Babbar Khalsa International]]. He founded this organization along with [[Talwinder Singh Parmar]].
'''Sukhdev Singh Babbar''' was the supreme leader of [[Babbar Khalsa International]] the best armed, most feared and most powerful of dozens of the militant groups in Punjab State that are fighting for an independent state for Sikhs, known as [[Khalistan]]<ref> http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4DA163CF932A0575BC0A964958260</ref>. He commanded [[Babbar Khalsa International|BKI]] continuously for 11 years, i.e. until his death in [[Khalistan movement]]. He was also one of the most prominent founding members of [[Babbar Khalsa International]]. He had founded this organization along with [[Talwinder Singh Parmar]].


==Early Life==
==Early Life==


Sukhdev Singh Babbar was born on August 9, 1955 to Jind Singh and Harnam Kaur in the village of Dassuwal, [[Patti, India|Patti]], [[Amritsar]], [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]], [[India]]. He studied only till the middle level.<ref>http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010309/main7.htm</ref> He had three brothers. His elder brother, Mr Mehal Singh "Babbar" is also an active leader of the [[Babbar Khalsa International]]<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020103/ldh1.htm The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Ludhiana Stories<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. His younger brother Angrej Singh is blind. His family owned 18-acres of land in the village of Dassuwal. The wives of Sukhdev Singh Babbar and Mehal Singh Babbar are sisters who belonged to the adjoining villages of Ghariala<ref>http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010309/main7.htm</ref>
Mr. Sukhdev Singh Babbar was born on August 9, 1955 in the house of Mr. Jind Singh and Mrs. Harnam Kaur in the village of Dassuwal, [[Patti, India|Patti]], [[Amritsar]], [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]], [[India]]. He could study up to the middle level only<ref>http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010309/main7.htm</ref>. He had three brothers. His elder brother, Mr Mehal Singh "Babbar" is also an active leader of [[Babbar Khalsa International]]<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020103/ldh1.htm The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Ludhiana Stories<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. His younger brother Angrej Singh is blind. His family owned 18-acres of land in village Dassuwal. The wives of Sukhdev Singh Babbar and Mehal Singh Babbar are sisters who belong to the adjoining villages of Ghariala<ref>http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010309/main7.htm</ref>


==Participation in the Khalistan movement==
==Participation in [[Khalistan movement]]==


He founded the [[Babbar Khalsa International]] along with [[Talwinder Singh Parmar]] with the objective secede from [[India]] and form the state of [[Khalistan]] for Sikhs. The first Unit of [[Babbar Khalsa International|BKI]] was founded in Canada in 1981. This organization has a presence in the [[USA]], [[Canada]], [[UK]], [[Germany]], [[France]], [[Belgium]], [[Norway]], [[Switzerland]] and [[Pakistan]]<ref>http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/terrorist_outfits/BKI.htm</ref>. [[Babbar Khalsa International]] became a major participant in the [[Khalistan movement]] under his guidance and participated in hundreds of operations against Indian security forces. The organization remained active in several Indian states<ref> http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/terrorist_outfits/BKI.htm</ref>. Under his leadership, the Babbar Khalsa International became the best armed, most feared and most powerful of dozens of the militant groups in the state of Punjab.<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4DA163CF932A0575BC0A964958260 Punjab Violence Eases as Police Claim Successes - New York Times<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
As per [http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010309/main7.htm ''The Tribune''], the day of the Nirankari-Sikh clash (April 13, 1978) was also the day when his marriage was fixed. On this day, he took the pledge to take revenge on the Nirankaris<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010309/main7.htm The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. He founded [[Babbar Khalsa International]] along with [[Talwinder Singh Parmar]] with an objective to get independence from India and to achieve [[Khalistan]]. The first Unit of [[Babbar Khalsa International|BKI]] was founded in Canada in 1981. This organization has presence in the [[USA]], [[Canada]], [[UK]], [[Germany]], [[France]], [[Belgium]], [[Norway]], [[Switzerland]] and [[Pakistan]]<ref>http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/terrorist_outfits/BKI.htm</ref>. [[Babbar Khalsa International]] became a major participant in [[Khalistan movement]] under his guidance and participated in hundreds of operations against Indian security forces and remained active in several states of [[India]]<ref> http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/terrorist_outfits/BKI.htm</ref>


[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4DA163CF932A0575BC0A964958260 ''The New York Times''] described Mr. Sukhdev Singh Babbar as the president of the Babbar Khalsa International, the best armed, most feared and most powerful of dozens of the militant groups in Punjab State that are fighting for an independent state for Sikhs, known as [[Khalistan]]<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4DA163CF932A0575BC0A964958260 Punjab Violence Eases as Police Claim Successes - New York Times<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. During [[Khalistan movement]], the very name of Sukhdev Singh Babbar, chief of [[Babbar Khalsa International]], would strike terror in the minds of the police<ref> http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4DA163CF932A0575BC0A964958260</ref>
⚫
Indian security forces were accused of using inhumane methods to gather information about Sukhdev Singh Babbar. According to [[Amnesty International]], they illegally detained-without-charge, beat, and harassed his family members to gain information about Babbar Khalsa Leaders. According to Gurmeet Kaur, Sukhdev Singh's sister-in-law, security forces beat her so violently that the ligaments of her left arm and shoulder were torn. She also alleged that her hands were tied behind and she was made to lie on the floor on her stomach. She was lashed with a whip and then interrogated. Policemen then placed roller planks on her legs and three men got up and rolled the planks up and down until she fainted from pain.<ref>[http://www.amnestyusa.org/document.php?lang=e&id=8D63FE02A44B98C8802569A600600B91 India: Human rights violations in Punjab: use and abuse of the law<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>.


==Death==
==Death==


Sukhdev Singh Babbar died on August 9th 1992 when heavily armed policemen stormed a comfortable villa in the crowded city of [[Patiala]] in early August and captured him. At the time, he was India's most wanted Sikh militant. The circumstances of his death remain disputed. Initially, police said that he was killed in a gun battle outside the city. After that, they said that he was unarmed and that he committed suicide by ingesting a cyanide capsule. A third report said that he was shot by the police after his capture.<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4DA163CF932A0575BC0A964958260 Punjab Violence Eases as Police Claim Successes - New York Times]</ref> After his death, the [[Babbar Khalsa International|BKI]] was severely weakened.<ref>{{cite book
He died on August 9th 1992 when heavily armed policemen stormed a comfortable villa in the crowded city of [[Patiala]] in early August and captured him, i.e. India's most wanted Sikh militant. As per [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4DA163CF932A0575BC0A964958260 ''The New York Times''], the circumstances of his death are disputed; it could be a Death, Murder or an Encounter. On his controversial death, he was described as the most prominent militant leader since 1978 who had aura of invincibility, his death severely weakened [[Babbar Khalsa International|BKI]].<ref>{{cite book
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| isbn = 8189940937}}</ref>
⚫
| isbn = 8189940937}}</ref> India used Special Forces personnel disguised as terrorits to capture Mr. Babbar.<ref>[http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/publication/faultlines/volume18/Article2.htm# Faultlines]</ref> He was captured with the help of a former Babbar militant, who informed on him in exchange for a reward of INR 1,000,000. The militant arranged meeting of top Babbar militants, ostensibly to work out future strategy. For helping neutralize the chief of the most powerful militant group in the state, the turned militant also received a full third of the reward on Mr. Sukhdev Singh<ref>http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/publication/faultlines/volume18/Article2.htm# Faultlines</ref>.


⚫
[http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/publication/faultlines/volume18/Article2.htm# Faultlines] indicates India had to deploy the cat system to trap Mr. Babbar. He was trapped with the help of a ‘cat’, who informed on him in exchange for a reward of INR 1,000,000. This former Babbar-militant turned police-cat helped trap Mr. Babbar by arranging a meeting of top Babbar militants, ostensibly to work out future strategy. For helping neutralize the chief of the most powerful militant group in the state, the turned militant also received a full third of the reward on Mr. Sukhdev Singh<ref>http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/publication/faultlines/volume18/Article2.htm# Faultlines</ref>.
⚫
On October, 1997, Mr. Sukhdev Singh Babbar along with [[Talwinder Singh Parmar]] were commemorated as ''Martyrs'' in a memorial service held at Surrey Sikh Temple on 132 Street, [[Surrey]], [[British Columbia]], [[Canada]]. Ajaib Singh Bagri, who was acquitted of charges in the [[Air India Flight 182]] case, presented an address at the ceremony.<ref>[http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=926c55cf-c903-4304-8fc7-8285a0e481d1 Air India blast mastermind called 'martyr' at Sikh service<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>


==Indian Harassment and Torture of his family==

⚫
When Mr. Babbar was alive, Indian Security forces were such desperate to get information about him and his brother that they forced even their innocent family members to go through a trauma because of their ties with [[Babbar Khalsa Internationa|BKI]] leaders. As per [http://www.amnestyusa.org/document.php?lang=e&id=8D63FE02A44B98C8802569A600600B91 ''Amnesty International''], Indian Security Forces illegally detained-without-charge, beaten, harassed his family members on various occasions to extract some information about Babbar Khalsa Leaders. His sister-in-law was once beaten so violently that the ligaments of her left arm and shoulder got torn, then her hands were tied behind and she was made to lie on the floor on her stomach. She was lashed with a whip and then interrogated. Policemen then placed roller planks on her legs and three men got up and rolled the planks up and down until she fainted with pain.<ref>[http://www.amnestyusa.org/document.php?lang=e&id=8D63FE02A44B98C8802569A600600B91 India: Human rights violations in Punjab: use and abuse of the law<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>.

[[Punjab Police]] did not spare his family even after his death. Immediately after his death in 1992, an Inspector General ranked officer of Punjab Police illegally occupied Mr. Babbar’s house in the city of Patiala-(House Number 20, Phase I, Urban Estate, Patiala) which was not handed over to his family even on the orders of [[Punjab and Haryana High Court]] in 1997. [[Supreme Court of India]] also rejected the SLP filed against [[Punjab and Haryana High Court]] orders in August 1998 but his house was still not handed back to his family. In 1999, a “contempt of court proceedings” case against [[Government of Punjab]] and [[Punjab Police]] officials was being heard in the court of Justice V.S. Aggarwal, [[Punjab and Haryana High Court]]<ref>[http://www.expressindia.com/news/ie/daily/19990309/ige09143p.html Indian Express: Notice on contempt plea to Punjab HS<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. Finally his family members have left their home and hearth for an ‘unknown place’, reportedly in a foreign country, a major portion of the ancestral house of the Babbar Khalsa chief now stands demolished and the remaining dilapidated two-room set is locked<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010309/main7.htm The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>.

==Honours/Awards==
⚫
[http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=926c55cf-c903-4304-8fc7-8285a0e481d1 ''The Vancouver Sun''] has reported that on October, 1997, Mr. Sukhdev Singh Babbar along with [[Talwinder Singh Parmar]] were commemorated as ''Martyrs'' in a memorial service held at Surrey Sikh Temple on 132 Street, [[Surrey]], [[British Columbia]], [[Canada]] which was attended by hundereds of worshippers. It was addressed by acquitted [[Air India Flight 182|Air India suspect]] Ajaib Singh Bagri. <ref>[http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=926c55cf-c903-4304-8fc7-8285a0e481d1 Air India blast mastermind called 'martyr' at Sikh service<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 03:48, 25 November 2008

Sukhdev Singh Babbar
Nickname(s)Sukhdev Singh
AllegianceBabbar Khalsa International
Years of service1981 - 1992
RankFounder
Battles/warsKhalistan movement (East Punjabi: ਖਾਲਿਸਤਾਨ, West Punjabi: تحریک خالستان)
AwardsCommemorated with Title "Martyr"

Sukhdev Singh Babbar was the supreme leader of Babbar Khalsa International the best armed, most feared and most powerful of dozens of the militant groups in Punjab State that are fighting for an independent state for Sikhs, known as Khalistan[1]. He commanded BKI continuously for 11 years, i.e. until his death in Khalistan movement. He was also one of the most prominent founding members of Babbar Khalsa International. He had founded this organization along with Talwinder Singh Parmar.

Early Life

Mr. Sukhdev Singh Babbar was born on August 9, 1955 in the house of Mr. Jind Singh and Mrs. Harnam Kaur in the village of Dassuwal, Patti, Amritsar, Punjab, India. He could study up to the middle level only[2]. He had three brothers. His elder brother, Mr Mehal Singh "Babbar" is also an active leader of Babbar Khalsa International[3]. His younger brother Angrej Singh is blind. His family owned 18-acres of land in village Dassuwal. The wives of Sukhdev Singh Babbar and Mehal Singh Babbar are sisters who belong to the adjoining villages of Ghariala[4]

Participation in Khalistan movement

As per The Tribune, the day of the Nirankari-Sikh clash (April 13, 1978) was also the day when his marriage was fixed. On this day, he took the pledge to take revenge on the Nirankaris[5]. He founded Babbar Khalsa International along with Talwinder Singh Parmar with an objective to get independence from India and to achieve Khalistan. The first Unit of BKI was founded in Canada in 1981. This organization has presence in the USA, Canada, UK, Germany, France, Belgium, Norway, Switzerland and Pakistan[6]. Babbar Khalsa International became a major participant in Khalistan movement under his guidance and participated in hundreds of operations against Indian security forces and remained active in several states of India[7]

The New York Times described Mr. Sukhdev Singh Babbar as the president of the Babbar Khalsa International, the best armed, most feared and most powerful of dozens of the militant groups in Punjab State that are fighting for an independent state for Sikhs, known as Khalistan[8]. During Khalistan movement, the very name of Sukhdev Singh Babbar, chief of Babbar Khalsa International, would strike terror in the minds of the police[9]

Death

He died on August 9th 1992 when heavily armed policemen stormed a comfortable villa in the crowded city of Patiala in early August and captured him, i.e. India's most wanted Sikh militant. As per The New York Times, the circumstances of his death are disputed; it could be a Death, Murder or an Encounter. On his controversial death, he was described as the most prominent militant leader since 1978 who had aura of invincibility, his death severely weakened BKI.[10]

Faultlines indicates India had to deploy the cat system to trap Mr. Babbar. He was trapped with the help of a ‘cat’, who informed on him in exchange for a reward of INR 1,000,000. This former Babbar-militant turned police-cat helped trap Mr. Babbar by arranging a meeting of top Babbar militants, ostensibly to work out future strategy. For helping neutralize the chief of the most powerful militant group in the state, the turned militant also received a full third of the reward on Mr. Sukhdev Singh[11].


Indian Harassment and Torture of his family

When Mr. Babbar was alive, Indian Security forces were such desperate to get information about him and his brother that they forced even their innocent family members to go through a trauma because of their ties with BKI leaders. As per Amnesty International, Indian Security Forces illegally detained-without-charge, beaten, harassed his family members on various occasions to extract some information about Babbar Khalsa Leaders. His sister-in-law was once beaten so violently that the ligaments of her left arm and shoulder got torn, then her hands were tied behind and she was made to lie on the floor on her stomach. She was lashed with a whip and then interrogated. Policemen then placed roller planks on her legs and three men got up and rolled the planks up and down until she fainted with pain.[12].

Punjab Police did not spare his family even after his death. Immediately after his death in 1992, an Inspector General ranked officer of Punjab Police illegally occupied Mr. Babbar’s house in the city of Patiala-(House Number 20, Phase I, Urban Estate, Patiala) which was not handed over to his family even on the orders of Punjab and Haryana High Court in 1997. Supreme Court of India also rejected the SLP filed against Punjab and Haryana High Court orders in August 1998 but his house was still not handed back to his family. In 1999, a “contempt of court proceedings” case against Government of Punjab and Punjab Police officials was being heard in the court of Justice V.S. Aggarwal, Punjab and Haryana High Court[13]. Finally his family members have left their home and hearth for an ‘unknown place’, reportedly in a foreign country, a major portion of the ancestral house of the Babbar Khalsa chief now stands demolished and the remaining dilapidated two-room set is locked[14].

Honours/Awards

The Vancouver Sun has reported that on October, 1997, Mr. Sukhdev Singh Babbar along with Talwinder Singh Parmar were commemorated as Martyrs in a memorial service held at Surrey Sikh Temple on 132 Street, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada which was attended by hundereds of worshippers. It was addressed by acquitted Air India suspect Ajaib Singh Bagri. [15]

References

  1. ^ http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4DA163CF932A0575BC0A964958260
  2. ^ http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010309/main7.htm
  3. ^ The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Ludhiana Stories
  4. ^ http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010309/main7.htm
  5. ^ The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News
  6. ^ http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/terrorist_outfits/BKI.htm
  7. ^ http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/terrorist_outfits/BKI.htm
  8. ^ Punjab Violence Eases as Police Claim Successes - New York Times
  9. ^ http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4DA163CF932A0575BC0A964958260
  10. ^ Terrorism & It's Effects. Global Media. ISBN 8189940937. {{cite book}}: |first= missing |last= (help)
  11. ^ http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/publication/faultlines/volume18/Article2.htm# Faultlines
  12. ^ India: Human rights violations in Punjab: use and abuse of the law
  13. ^ Indian Express: Notice on contempt plea to Punjab HS
  14. ^ The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News
  15. ^ Air India blast mastermind called 'martyr' at Sikh service
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